Beskrivelse og afgrænsning af Det Blå Danmark

På Søfartsstyrelsens foranledning er der til brug for arbejdet i regeringens vækstteam for Det Blå Danmark blevet udarbejdet nedenstående oplæg til en afgrænsning af Det Blå Danmark. Oplægget er udarbejdet af lektor René Taudal Poulsen fra Copenhagen Business School i foråret 2012

Diverting developments – the Danish shipbuilding and marine equipment industries, 1970-2010

Over the last couple of decades, the shipbuilding and marine equipment industries in Denmark and elsewhere in Europe have been exposed to strong competition from new and rapidly expanding maritime nations in Asia. In the 1970s, Denmark had a stronghold in both industries, which have been closely related and which have both derived demand from the volatile shipping industry. They also have clear mature characteristics. To a large extent Danish companies in both industries have had to address the same types of challenges caused by the emergence of dynamic, low-cost competitors. Nevertheless developments in the two industries have diverted after 1970. All the large and medium-sized Danish shipyards have ceased, whereas several equipment suppliers have endured and some have built up strong positions within their respective fields. Focusing on corporate strategies in shipbuilding and marine equipment manufacturing, this article examines the diverting developments of the two industries and asks what has caused this divergence

Changing value chain strategies of Danish clothing and fashion companies, 1970-2013

Over the last four decades, the clothing industry has seen one of the most radical, global transformations of any industry, and Western European clothing companies have been put under strain. To the surprise of industry observers and academics, however, Denmark continues to hold expansive and profitable companies within this industry. Both the trade itself and industry observers see the present success of Danish fashion as the result of Danish pioneering in international outsourcing. The article challenges the commonly told story, arguing that the present success should be seen as the result of new companies entering the sector rather than the transformation of old ones. The article demonstrates that value chain strategies are constantly in the making and successful ones rarely remain competitive for long

'Swinging on the anchor': the difficulties in achieving greenhouse gas abatement in shipping via virtual arrival

The abatement of greenhouse gas emissions represents a major global challenge and an important topic for transportation research. Several studies have argued that energy efficiency measures for virtual arrival and associated reduced anchorage time can significantly reduce emissions from ships by allowing for speed reduction on passage. However, virtual arrival is uncommon in shipping. In this paper, we examine the causes for waiting time for ships at anchor and the limited uptake of virtual arrival. We show the difficulties associated with the implementation of virtual arrival and explain why shipping is unlikely to achieve the related abatement potential as assumed by previous studies. Combining onboard observations with seafarers and interviews with both sea-staff and shore-based operational personnel we show how charterers’ commercial priorities outweigh the fuel saving benefits associated with virtual arrival. Moreover, we demonstrate how virtual arrival systems have unintended, negative consequences for seafarers in the form of fatigue. Our findings have implications for the IMO’s greenhouse gas abatement goals

What drives ports around the world to adopt air emissions abatement measures?

The reduction of Greenhouses gasses (GHG) and other air emissions represents a major challenge for ports. The world over, however, ports vary considerably in their efforts to reduce air emissions, and the causes for this variation remain under-researched. This paper examines the drivers for the adoption of air emissions abatement measures in a sample of 93 of the world's largest ports, covering all continents and mobile emitters. We test five hypotheses with a Linear Probability Model to disentangle the impacts of key port characteristics on the current adoption of abatement measures and identify three key drivers for adoption: Population density, the port landlord business model, and a specialization in servicing container shipping. We also find that ports are more likely to implement specific bundles of measures, in particular combining pricing and new energy sources. Our work has implications for ports, as we suggest that they should coordinate abatement efforts to achieve effectiveness in their work.</p

Norwegian ship-owners' adoption of alternative fuels

The shipping sector's rising greenhouse gas emissions are often considered “hard-to-abate”. Some ship-owners have recently adopted or started to consider the adoption of alternative fuels, but systematic studies of this are still lacking. We address this gap by studying how ship-owners differ in both actual and intended adoption of alternative fuels. We analyze data from a unique survey with 281 ship-owners in Norway, a major ship-owning country and center for maritime technology development, with descriptive statistics and analysis of variance. We find early adopters among large and established ship-owners in offshore, international cargo and domestic passenger shipping segments, which are often subjected to specific contractual demands for alternative fuel adoption. Laggards were typically small and young ship-owners operating in shipping segments where demands for alternative fuel adoption are weak. Our findings also suggest that firms' business strategy and financial and knowledge resources may have relevance for ship-owner's adoption of alternative fuels. Our study has implications for national and international policymaking, highlighting for example how contracting mechanisms can be an effective tool in incentivizing the adoption of alternative fuels.publishedVersio