New advanced glycation end products observed in rat urine by untargeted metabolomics after feeding with heat-treated skimmed milk powder

10restrictedInternationalInternational coauthor/editorScope Milk powder is commonly consumed throughout the world. However, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) will form in milk powder during thermal processing and long‐term storage. This study aimed to identify such compounds with potential as new urinary biomarkers of intake of heat‐treated skimmed milk powder (HSMP). Methods and Results A parallel study is performed with different dosages of HSMP as well as hydrolyzed HSMP and untreated skimmed milk powder (SMP) in 36 rats. The 24‐h urine samples on day 7 or 8 are collected and profiled by untargeted UPLC‐Qtof‐MS metabolomics. Statistical analysis revealed 25 metabolites differentiating SMP and HSMP; nineteen of these structures are proposed as lysine‐ and arginine‐derived AGEs, and heterocyclic compounds. Conclusion These metabolites may potentially serve as biomarkers of food intake pending further validation to assess intakes of heat‐processed dairy foods and thus help to elucidate the effects of HSMP consumption or dietary AGEs on human health.restrictedZhou, X.; Ulaszewska, M.M.; De Gobba, C.; Rinnan, Å.; Poulsen, M.W.; Chen, J.; Mattivi, F.; Hedegaard, R.V.; Skibsted, L.H.; Dragsted, L.O.Zhou, X.; Ulaszewska, M.M.; De Gobba, C.; Rinnan, Å.; Poulsen, M.W.; Chen, J.; Mattivi, F.; Hedegaard, R.V.; Skibsted, L.H.; Dragsted, L.O