Enhancing the Accuracy of Microwave Element Models by Artificial Neural Networks

In the recent PSpice programs, five types of the GaAs FET model have been implemented. However, some of them are too sophisticated and therefore very difficult to measure and identify afterwards, especially the realistic model of Parker and Skellern. In the paper, simple enhancements of one of the classical models are proposed first. The resulting modification is usable for the accurate modeling of both GaAs FETs and pHEMTs. Moreover, its updated capacitance function can serve as an accurate representation of microwave varactors, which is also important. The precision of the updated models can be strongly enhanced using the artificial neural networks. In the paper, both using an exclusive neural network without an analytic model and cooperating a corrective neural network with the updated analytic model will be discussed. The accuracy of the analytic models, the models based on the exclusive neural network, and the models created as a combination of the updated analytic model and the corrective neural network will be compared

On a scalable nonparametric denoising of time series signals

Denoising and filtering of time series signals is a problem emerging in many areas of computational science. Here we demonstrate how the nonparametric computational methodology of the finite element method of time series analysis with H1 regularization can be extended for denoising of very long and noisy time series signals. The main computational bottleneck is the inner quadratic programming problem. Analyzing the solvability and utilizing the problem structure, we suggest an adapted version of the spectral projected gradient method (SPG-QP) to resolve the problem. This approach increases the granularity of parallelization, making the proposed methodology highly suitable for graphics processing unit (GPU) computing. We demonstrate the scalability of our open-source implementation based on PETSc for the Piz Daint supercomputer of the Swiss Supercomputing Centre (CSCS) by solving large-scale data denoising problems and comparing their computational scaling and performance to the performance of the standard denoising methods

Electrochemical Carbonylation of Organoiron Methyl Complex: A Study of Reaction Intermediates

The one-electron reduction of CpFe(CO)2CH3 has been investigated by voltammetry and Fourier transform IR spectroelectrochemistry. The reduction initiates the insertion of CO ligand in the FeCH3 bond. The dissociation of a CO group proceeds in a parallel reaction. Reaction intermediates, the acyl derivative and released CO, form the radical anion of a complex CpFe(CO)2(COCH3) which is able to reduce the parent compound. The reversible redox potential − 1.8 V of CpFe(CO)2(COCH3) allows the regeneration of its radical anion which drives a catalytic cycle. The lifetime of intermediates is shortened by side reactions, one of which is the migration of the acyl group from the central atom to the cyclopentadienyl ring. This explains the apparent discrepancy between products observed in preparative scale electrolysis and the absence of catalytic effects in routine voltammetric experiments

Fluids of hard ellipsoids: Phase diagram including a nematic instability from Percus-Yevick theory

An important aspect of molecular fluids is the relation between orientation and translation parts of the two-particle correlations. Especially the detailed knowledge of the influence of orientation correlations is needed to explain and calculate in detail the occurrence of a nematic phase. The simplest model system which shows both orientation and translation correlations is a system of hard ellipsoids. We investigate an isotropic fluid formed of hard ellipsoids with Percus-Yevick theory. Solving the Percus-Yevick equations self-consistently in the high density regime gives a clear criterion for a nematic instability. We calculate in detail the equilibrium phase diagram for a fluid of hard ellipsoids of revolution. Our results compare well with Monte Carlo Simulations and density functional theory.Comment: 7 pages including 4 figure

Penetrating particle ANalyzer (PAN)

PAN is a scientific instrument suitable for deep space and interplanetary missions. It can precisely measure and monitor the flux, composition, and direction of highly penetrating particles ($> \sim$100 MeV/nucleon) in deep space, over at least one full solar cycle (~11 years). The science program of PAN is multi- and cross-disciplinary, covering cosmic ray physics, solar physics, space weather and space travel. PAN will fill an observation gap of galactic cosmic rays in the GeV region, and provide precise information of the spectrum, composition and emission time of energetic particle originated from the Sun. The precise measurement and monitoring of the energetic particles is also a unique contribution to space weather studies. PAN will map the flux and composition of penetrating particles, which cannot be shielded effectively, precisely and continuously, providing valuable input for the assessment of the related health risk, and for the development of an adequate mitigation strategy. PAN has the potential to become a standard on-board instrument for deep space human travel. PAN is based on the proven detection principle of a magnetic spectrometer, but with novel layout and detection concept. It will adopt advanced particle detection technologies and industrial processes optimized for deep space application. The device will require limited mass (~20 kg) and power (~20 W) budget. Dipole magnet sectors built from high field permanent magnet Halbach arrays, instrumented in a modular fashion with high resolution silicon strip detectors, allow to reach an energy resolution better than 10\% for nuclei from H to Fe at 1 GeV/n

Design, Implementation and First Measurements with the Medipix Neutron Camera in CMS

The Medipix detector is the first device dedicated to measuring mixed-field radiation in the CMS cavern and able to distinguish between different particle types. Medipix2-MXR chips bump bonded to silicon sensors with various neutron conversion layers developed by the IEAP CTU in Prague were successfully installed for the 2008 LHC start-up in the CMS experimental and services caverns to measure the flux of various particle types, in particular neutrons. They have operated almost continuously during the 2010 run period, and the results shown here are from the proton run between the beginning of July and the end of October 2010. Clear signals are seen and different particle types have been observed during regular LHC luminosity running, and an agreement in the measured flux rate is found with the simulations. These initial results are promising, and indicate that these devices have the potential for further and future LHC and high energy physics applications as radiation monitoring devices for mixed field environments, including neutron flux monitoring. Further extensions are foreseen in the near future to increase the performance of the detector and its coverage for monitoring in CMS.Comment: 15 pages, 16 figures, submitted to JINS