On compactly generated torsion pairs and the classification of co-t-structures for commutative noetherian rings

We classify compactly generated co-t-structures on the derived category of a commutative noetherian ring. In order to accomplish that, we develop a theory for compactly generated Hom-orthogonal pairs (also known as torsion pairs in the literature) in triangulated categories that resembles Bousfield localization theory. Finally, we show that the category of perfect complexes over a connected commutative noetherian ring admits only the trivial co-t-structures and (de)suspensions of the canonical co-t-structure and use this to describe all silting objects in the category.Comment: 34 pages. Version 2: minor corrections, references added and update

Comparison of German and Czech public procurement system and economic impacts

Purpose: The paper determines the similarities and divergences in the public procurement system in Germany and the Czech Republic. The authors assessed the contribution of the public procurement system in each country’s GDP, identified similarities in the procurement process and how they affect the overall outcome. Divergences in the two countries procurement process and how they affect the outcome were also identified. Design/Methodology/Approach: The research was designed by using secondary research method as it has a wide scope that would be a challenge to achieve using primary research method. Secondary research methods were utilized to generate data which is analyzed by quantitative techniques. Findings: The most notable similarities include the use of e-procurement and the different types of public procurement contracts to enhance transparency and efficiency. Apart from that, there are some divergences where Germany seems to be a little bit more efficient compared to the Czech procurement system. Some of the divergences include higher corruption levels in the Czech Republic system than in Germany and also higher efficiency in terms of processing tender in German system than in the Czech Republic. Practical Implications: The study compares the public procurement systems in Germany and the Czech Republic and underlines potentials and disadvantages of both systems. Originality/Value: The research delivers a legal-economic comparison of German and Czech public procurement systems, including influence and effects made by European Law.peer-reviewe

Application of numerical modelling to the comprehensive analysis of slope stability

Paper deals with the comprehensive methodology for the numerical simulation of potentially unstable slopes combining engineering geological, hydrological, hydrogeological and geotechnical computational model for the assessment of slope stability. Engineering geological model based on available survey data characterizes the rock environment using individual quasi-homogenous units. Model is defined on the basis of documented lithostratigraphic units in exploration probes and field relief documented by advanced methods, including satellite radar interferometry and laser surface scanning. On the basis of engineering geological model, the hydrological model using MIKE SHE software (Finite Difference Method) was performed. Hydrological model includes simulation of surface runoff, evapotranspiration and flow in unsaturated near-surface zone. The model was calibrated on the basis of available field data. Outputs from this model were used as input initial conditions of the following hydrogeological model. Software FEFLOW based on the Finite Element Method was subsequently used to the creation of hydrogeological model focused on the water flow and distribution of pore pressures of groundwater in individual quasi-homogeneous units in saturated zone. The infiltration condition determined by the hydrological model is considered and a flow model with variable saturation is applied. Finally, the geotechnical stability model of slope following the engineering geological, hydrological and hydrogeological models was performed. The occurrence of plastic and failure zones (assuming elastic-perfectly plastic Mohr-Coulomb constitutive model) inside the slope was simulated by using software MIDAS GTS NX based on the Finite Element Method. Stability factor SSRF (Shear Strength Reduction Factor) is evaluated based on the Shear Strength Reduction Method) as the ratio of actual shear strength and minimum shear strength required to maintain stability. Paper deals also with the comparison of stability factor of natural slope obtained from 3D and 2D numerical model. Generally, in the case of natural slope the condition of plane strain is not fulfil, 2D model is not realistic and 3D model is needed, especially in case of concave morphology of slope

Civil Society in the 'Visegrad Four': Data and Literature in the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia

The first of three publications on the '25 Years After -- Mapping Civil Society in the Visegrád Four' project contains an overview of existing data and literature in the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia. It looks at where and what kind of research on civil society has been and is being done, who is doing it and where the gaps are.To be consistent and comparable, the four country reports include the same core sections: relevant publications on civil society in the respective country; existing databases and other data sources; active centres of research, training, and policy studies. More than providing just a list, this report looks at how they can be evaluated in terms of scope, accurateness and depth. Finally, it considers the question of what the most crucial gaps in research and funding in the countries are.An academic volume is slated for the end of 2014. For other publications in English and German, see www.maecenata.eu

Calcium and phosphorus requirements for maximized growth in modern market poults

2nd prize at 2013 CFAES Forum--Animal Nutrition DivisionCalcium and phosphorus are important macrominerals in the diets of market turkeys. However, using excessive amounts of these minerals is expensive and results in nutrient loading in the environment. Little research has been done since 1994 to examine the requirements of these minerals in young poults. Other research in chickens has suggested that we are feeding excessive amounts due to a failure to recognize that high concentrations of calcium and phosphorus depress dissociation of calcium phosphates in the digestive tract. A Ca:NPP (non-phytate phosphorus) ratio of 2.25:1 is probably more correct. This experiment was designed to examine this phenomenon in turkeys. The first trial identified the minimum phosphorus requirement in a diet with a calcium concentration of 1.2%. NPP treatments ranged from 0.37% to 0.61%. In the second trial dietary calcium was 1.0%, and NPP ranged from 0.32 to 0.55%. Female poults were raised from 1-21 days of age. The birds were then weighed, and the tibia was removed and ashed. These are the methods for determining the optimal phosphorus concentration. Statistical analyses of these data, including Least Significant Differences, indicated that for 1.2% Ca, there is an increase in all factors measured (body weight, feed intake, weight of tibia, %ash in tibia, and mg ash/100g body weight) until somewhere between 0.49% NPP and 0.55%NPP. With 1.0% Ca, the same trend was noticed upon completion of statistical analysis, placing the optima between 0.38%NPP and 0.44%NPP. It appears that turkeys may grow faster when fed 1.00%Ca than with 1.2% Ca, but the bone ash is decreased. This difference is expected to be significant. These data suggest that a Ca:NPP ratio of slightly above 2.0 is probably most correct when feeding a 1.2%Ca diet, but should be closer to 2.25 in a 1.0%Ca diet. The results indicate that by decreasing Ca concentrations, we can also decrease NPP concentrations, reducing feed costs and lowering phosphorus emissions in manure.No embarg