When is Nonfundamentalness in SVARs A Real Problem?

Identification of structural shocks can be subject to non fundamentalness, as the econometrician may have an information set smaller than the economic agents’ one. How serious is that problem from a quantitative point of view? In this work we propose a simple diagnosis statistics for the quantitative importance of non fundamentalness in structural VARs. The diagnosis is of interest as non fundamentalness is not an either/or question, but is a quantitative issue which can be more or less severe. Using our preferred strategy for identifying news shocks, we find that non fundamentalness is quantitatively unimportant and that news shocks continue to generate significant business cycle type fluctuations when adjust the estimating procedure to take into account the potential non fundamentalness issue

When is Nonfundamentalness in SVARs A Real Problem?

Identification of structural shocks can be subject to non fundamentalness, as the econometrician may have an information set smaller than the economic agents’ one. How serious is that problem from a quantitative point of view? In this work we propose a simple diagnosis statistics for the quantitative importance of non fundamentalness in structural VARs. The diagnosis is of interest as non fundamentalness is not an either/or question, but is a quantitative issue which can be more or less severe. Using our preferred strategy for identifying news shocks, we find that non fundamentalness is quantitatively unimportant and that news shocks continue to generate significant business cycle type fluctuations when adjust the estimating procedure to take into account the potential non fundamentalness issue

When is Nonfundamentalness in SVARs A Real Problem?

In SVARs, identification of structural shocks can be subject to nonfundamentalness, as the econometrician may have an information set smaller than the economic agents’ one. How serious is that problem from a quantitative point of view? In this paper we propose a simple diagnostic for the quantitative importance of nonfundamentalness in structural VARs. The diagnostic is of interest as nonfundamentalness is not an either/or question, and its quantitative implications can be more or less severe. As an illustration, we apply our diagnostic to the identification of TFP news shocks and we find that nonfundamentalness is of little quantitatively importance in that context

MAVS ubiquitination by the E3 ligase TRIM25 and degradation by the proteasome is involved in type I interferon production after activation of the antiviral RIG-I-like receptors

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>During a viral infection, the intracellular RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) sense viral RNA and signal through the mitochondrial antiviral signaling adaptor MAVS (also known as IPS-1, Cardif and VISA) whose activation triggers a rapid production of type I interferons (IFN) and of pro-inflammatory cytokines through the transcription factors IRF3/IRF7 and NF-κB, respectively. While MAVS is essential for this signaling and known to operate through the scaffold protein NEMO and the protein kinase TBK1 that phosphorylates IRF3, its mechanism of action and regulation remain unclear.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We report here that RLR activation triggers MAVS ubiquitination on lysine 7 and 10 by the E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM25 and marks it for proteasomal degradation concomitantly with downstream signaling. Inhibition of this MAVS degradation with a proteasome inhibitor does not affect NF-κB signaling but it hampers IRF3 activation, and NEMO and TBK1, two essential mediators in type I IFN production, are retained at the mitochondria.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>These results suggest that MAVS functions as a recruitment platform that assembles a signaling complex involving NEMO and TBK1, and that the proteasome-mediated MAVS degradation is required to release the signaling complex into the cytosol, allowing IRF3 phosphorylation by TBK1.</p

Dynamic Identification in VARs

Most macroeconomic models, both fully structural models as well as SVAR models, view economic outcomes as the product of a combination of endogenous and exogenous dynamic forces. In particular, the exogenous forces are generally modeled as a set of linearly independent dynamics processes. In this paper we begin by showing that this dual dynamic structure is sufficient to identify the entire set of structural impulse responses inherent to any such model. No extra restrictions are necessary. We then use this observation to suggest how it can be used to evaluate common SVAR restrictions (impact restrictions, long-run restrictions and proxy-VAR), as well as help transpire the role of cross-equation restrictions inherent to more structural models

Observatoire international du fait religieux (bulletin n°17 - mars 2018)

- Edito : Savoir se positionner- Dossier : Collaboration, confrontation, contestation : les différentes stratégies des islamistes marocains- Eclairage(S) : La mobilisation des catholiques contre Kabila : une mise en perspective- Ressource(S) : Prière pour Vladimi

Les autres 'Chrétiens d'Orient'

Editorial du bulletin n°19 de l'Observatoire international du fait religieux

État, religion et armée

International audienceNous avons choisi de consacrer le dossier ce nouveau bulletin à une thématique incontournable des travaux de l’Observatoire : les relations entre État, religion et armée. Le premier article, rédigé par Samim Agkönül, porte sur la Turquie de Recep Tayyip Erdoğan et sur l’utilisation de la religion comme facteur de soft et de hard power. L’exemple chinois est par la suite analysé par Benoît Vermander, qui montre que les rapports entre les trois entités ne peuvent se comprendre dans cet État qu’en y intégrant « l’État-parti » et la religion civile. Enfin, Pauletta Otis propose une étude du cas états-unien, en explicitant notamment la place et les fonctions de l’aumônerie militaire dans cet État, de même que les nouveaux défis qui se présentent à l’armée et qui peuvent être appréhendés à partir du prisme religieux : néonationalisme, question des minorités, troubles de stress post-traumatique.L’Éclairage(S) de ce nouvel opus se concentre sur la chute de Kaboul. Gilles Dorronsoro revient sur l’ensemble des facteurs qui expliquent celle-ci et montre que l’insurrection dont elle constitue la crise finale a été largement sous-estimée par les Occidentaux. Cet événement permet à lui seul de comprendre la stratégie militaire et surtout politique des Taliban.La Ressource(S) porte enfin sur l’analyse d’une photographie, celle de la nomination de Zsolt Balla en tant que rabbin des forces militaires allemandes, premier aumônier juif de l’armée depuis la fin de la Première Guerre mondiale. Günther Jikeli y expose les symboliques politiques qui sous-tendent cette nomination, plus particulièrement la lutte contre l’antisémitisme et contre le radicalisme violent de l’ultra-droite