668 research outputs found
The Report of the Evaluation of Fitness For Practice Pre-Registration Nursing and Midwifery Curricula Project
1.1 Introduction The debate about the competence of newly qualified nurses and midwives has a long and contentious history. Much of this debate has not been informed by a strong evidence-base, but has often relied on anecdote, personal experience and deeply held opinion. Recently, Clark and Holmes (2007) reported findings that in England ward mangers have low expectations of newly qualified nurses, who themselves reported feeling poorly prepared for their new role. Whether this reflects an accurate picture of real competence is open to question and this potential disjuncture between judgements about competency and actual competency is at the heart of this evaluation. The wider political debate on pre-registration curricula shows little sign of disappearing with the current RCN General Secretary questioning the competence of newly qualified nurses (Snow & Harrison 2008). Such pronouncements by high-profile figures have characterised much of the debate around preregistration education since the Project 2000 curriculum. The literature outlined in this chapter will extend to exploring social cognitive theory (Bandura 1977). Many evaluations of pre-registration curricula are atheoretical and it is the intention of this evaluation to avoid such a significant limitation by explicitly locating the evaluation within a theoretical framework
Zwicky Transient Facility constraints on the optical emission from the nearby repeating FRB 180916.J0158+65
The discovery rate of fast radio bursts (FRBs) is increasing dramatically
thanks to new radio facilities. Meanwhile, wide-field instruments such as the
47 deg Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) survey the optical sky to study
transient and variable sources. We present serendipitous ZTF observations of
the CHIME repeating source FRB 180916.J0158+65, that was localized to a spiral
galaxy 149 Mpc away and is the first FRB suggesting periodic modulation in its
activity. While 147 ZTF exposures corresponded to expected high-activity
periods of this FRB, no single ZTF exposure was at the same time as a CHIME
detection. No optical source was found at the FRB location in 683
ZTF exposures, totalling 5.69 hours of integration time. We combined ZTF upper
limits and expected repetitions from FRB 180916.J0158+65 in a statistical
framework using a Weibull distribution, agnostic of periodic modulation priors.
The analysis yielded a constraint on the ratio between the optical and radio
fluences of , corresponding to an optical energy erg for a fiducial 10 Jy ms FRB (90%
confidence). A deeper (but less statistically robust) constraint of can be placed assuming a rate of Jy ms)= hr and
FRB occurring during exposures taken in high-activity windows. The
constraint can be improved with shorter per-image exposures and longer
integration time, or observing FRBs at higher Galactic latitudes. This work
demonstrated how current surveys can statistically constrain multi-wavelength
counterparts to FRBs even without deliberately scheduled simultaneous radio
observation.Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJL, 9 pages, 4 figures, 1 tabl
Divacancy superstructures in thermoelectric calcium-doped sodium cobaltate
We have grown single crystals of NaCaCoO and determined their
superstructures as a function of composition using neutron and x-ray
diffraction. Inclusion of Ca stabilises a single superstructure across a
wide range of temperatures and concentrations. The superstructure in the Na
layers is based on arrays of divacancy clusters with Ca ions occupying
the central site, and it has an ideal concentration
NaCaCoO. Previous measurements of the thermoelectric
properties on this system are discussed in light of this superstructure.
NaCaCoO corresponds to the maximum in thermoelectric
performance of this system.Comment: Produced using Revtex 4.1 and pdflatex. 7 Pages, 6 figure
A new class of large-amplitude radial-mode hot subdwarf pulsators
Using high-cadence observations from the Zwicky Transient Facility at low Galactic latitudes, we have discovered a new class of pulsating, hot compact stars. We have found four candidates, exhibiting blue colors (g − r ≤ −0.1 mag), pulsation amplitudes of >5%, and pulsation periods of 200–475 s. Fourier transforms of the light curves show only one dominant frequency. Phase-resolved spectroscopy for three objects reveals significant radial velocity, T eff, and log(g) variations over the pulsation cycle, which are consistent with large-amplitude radial oscillations. The mean T eff and log(g) for these stars are consistent with hot subdwarf B (sdB) effective temperatures and surface gravities. We calculate evolutionary tracks using MESA and adiabatic pulsations using GYRE for low-mass, helium-core pre-white dwarfs (pre-WDs) and low-mass helium-burning stars. Comparison of low-order radial oscillation mode periods with the observed pulsation periods show better agreement with the pre-WD models. Therefore, we suggest that these new pulsators and blue large-amplitude pulsators (BLAPs) could be members of the same class of pulsators, composed of young ≈0.25–0.35 M ⊙ helium-core pre-WDs.Published versio
Nursing and Midwifery in Scotland: Being Fit for Practice
1.1 Introduction The debate about the competence of newly qualified nurses and midwives has a long and contentious history. Much of this debate has not been informed by a strong evidence-base, but has often relied on anecdote, personal experience and deeply held opinion. Recently, Clark and Holmes (2007) reported findings that in England ward mangers have low expectations of newly qualified nurses, who themselves reported feeling poorly prepared for their new role. Whether this reflects an accurate picture of real competence is open to question and this potential disjuncture between judgements about competency and actual competency is at the heart of this evaluation. The wider political debate on pre-registration curricula shows little sign of disappearing with the current RCN General Secretary questioning the competence of newly qualified nurses (Snow & Harrison 2008). Such pronouncements by high-profile figures have characterised much of the debate around preregistration education since the Project 2000 curriculum. The literature outlined in this chapter will extend to exploring social cognitive theory (Bandura 1977). Many evaluations of pre-registration curricula are atheoretical and it is the intention of this evaluation to avoid such a significant limitation by explicitly locating the evaluation within a theoretical framework
Homophily and Contagion Are Generically Confounded in Observational Social Network Studies
We consider processes on social networks that can potentially involve three
factors: homophily, or the formation of social ties due to matching individual
traits; social contagion, also known as social influence; and the causal effect
of an individual's covariates on their behavior or other measurable responses.
We show that, generically, all of these are confounded with each other.
Distinguishing them from one another requires strong assumptions on the
parametrization of the social process or on the adequacy of the covariates used
(or both). In particular we demonstrate, with simple examples, that asymmetries
in regression coefficients cannot identify causal effects, and that very simple
models of imitation (a form of social contagion) can produce substantial
correlations between an individual's enduring traits and their choices, even
when there is no intrinsic affinity between them. We also suggest some possible
constructive responses to these results.Comment: 27 pages, 9 figures. V2: Revised in response to referees. V3: Ditt
Corporate social responsibility disclosures in international construction business: trends and prospects
There is increasing sophistication in corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosures by international construction companies (ICCs). Nevertheless, a systematic analysis of the trends and prospects is yet to appear. This study fills that knowledge gap by providing an understanding of the idiosyncrasies of CSR disclosure and by offering suggestions for future reporting exercises. By examining the top fifty ICCs’ CSR/sustainability reports using content analysis, it found that the more negative impacts a company may have, the more remedial strategies it will disclose in a CSR report. ICCs from economically more developed countries maintain a high level of CSR disclosure, while their counterparts from developing countries have caught up in this CSR cause. As a way to improve the consistency and integrity of disclosed information, ICCs are increasingly adopting CSR reporting guidance frameworks and using third-party assurances. CSR disclosures present a high degree of uniformity while they also show nuanced and intriguing diversity. This research helps understand comprehensively the trends of CSR disclosure in international construction. It will help ICCs extrapolate their future CSR reporting exercises.postprin
Business Models and E-Services: an Ontological Approach in a Cross-border Environment
Monograph's chapter
- …