New Species of Tethygeneia (Eurisidae: Amphipoda) and New Record of Algae-Living Gammarid Amphipods in South Sea Islands Marine National Park, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand

The amphipod Tethegeneia khanomensis sp. nov. were collected from South Sea Islands, lower Gulf of Thailand. in March 2008. A total of twelve species from seven families was recorded. The common and dominant species were Paradusa bilobata and Podocerus andamanensis occurred in all stations. The six species are new record for the Gulf of Thailand and South China Sea i.e. Ampithoe ramondi, Ampithoe africana, Elasmopus puteus, Paradusa bilobata, Parahyale aqulina, Podocerus andamanensis and Anamisxis sp. A is undescribed. Their characters are described and illustrated. All specimens are deposited at Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Natural History Museum, Prince of Songkla University, Thailand

New Species of Tethygeneia (Eurisidae: Amphipoda) and New Record of Algae-Living Gammarid Amphipods in South Sea Islands Marine National Park, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand

The amphipod Tethegeneia khanomensis sp. nov. were collected from South Sea Islands, lower Gulf of Thailand. in March 2008. A total of twelve species from seven families was recorded. The common and dominant species were Paradusa bilobata and Podocerus andamanensis occurred in all stations. The six species are new record for the Gulf of Thailand and South China Sea i.e. Ampithoe ramondi, Ampithoe africana, Elasmopus puteus, Paradusa bilobata, Parahyale aqulina, Podocerus andamanensis and Anamisxis sp. A is undescribed. Their characters are described and illustrated. All specimens are deposited at Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Natural History Museum, Prince of Songkla University, Thailand

Spatial variability in the phytoplankton community along a transect across the Similan Islands in the Andaman Sea: A case study 2007-2008

The marine phytoplankton community was studied between October 2007 and March 2008 along a transect across the Similan Islands in the Andaman Sea during the southwest and northeast monsoon seasons. Seawater was collected from 11 stations on the transect. At least 146 species belonging to 68 genera in 37 families and 11 orders of marine phytoplankton were identified by microscopic observation. Diatoms were the major group of dominant phytoplankton particularly at depths in the study. Cyanophyta, particularly Trichodesmium spp., was the dominant group but the species diversity was maximal for dinophyta and heterokontaphyta from both monsoon sampling periods. The most diverse genera of dinoflagellate were Ceratium, Dinophysis, and Protoperidinium, while a high variety of diatom genera were Rhizosolenia and Chaetoceros. The relative results between the phytoplankton group and environmental parameters revealed that phytoplankton was strongly affected by salinity and silicate concentration during the southwest monsoon, while the availability of photosynthetically active radiation was significantly correlated with seasonal succession during the northeast monsoon

Ptygura thalenoiensis Meksuwan, Pholpunthin & Segers, 2011, new species

Ptygura thalenoiensis new species (Figs 6–7) Synonym: Ptygura sp. near linguata Edmondson, 1939 after Segers et al., 2011 (Figs 9 –12) Type material. Holotype female (PSUZC-PK 5 PM001-01) was deposited in Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Natural History Museum, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand; two paratype females deposited in RBINS, BRUSSELS, GI 31863 RIR 202-203. Type locality. Thale Noi Lake, Phatthalung province, Thailand: 7 o 45 ’ 44 ’’ N to 7 o 48 ’ 26 ’’ N and longitude 100 o 7 ’ 31 ’’ E to 100 o 11 ’ 12 ’’ E, June 2009 through April 2010. Differential diagnosis. The new species belongs to a group of congeners that are diagnosed by having elongate lateral antenna. Amongst those, P. thalenoiensis n. sp. is distinguished by the presence of a pair of apical hooks in addition to a tongue-shaped projection in between those, and of an autapomorphic ciliated projection in its mouth region. Description. Body well separated from the elongate, retractible foot, terminating in a medium to long peduncle. Corona elliptic, twice as wide as trunk; dorsal gap minute; corona supported by relatively strong rods. Buccal area with distinct short and cylindrical projection bearing a group of elongate cilia terminally. Neck region distinct, with two sharp dorsal hooks lateral to a tongue-shaped projection, this projection protruding beyond, but less rigid than the hooks. Lateral antenna long and slender. Tube gelatinous, containing fine perpendicular lines of material radiating from the inside of the tube. Fine layers radiated from inner sheath; light to medium brown; inner sheath obvious, quite parallel along tube to. Male unkown. Trophi nearly symmetrical, malleoramate. Unci left and right 17 teeth, these weakly differentiated into a proximal group containing 3 slightly stronger teeth and a distal group of weaker teeth (3–4 teeth); second tooth in the left group of proximal teeth small. Teeth in the distal group interdigitating with rami scleropilli (visible most in the left group). Fulcrum short, with a weakly developed basal plate. Measurements. Females total length ca. 700 µm. Trunk length ca. 150–230 µm, width ca. 40–50 µm. Foot length ca. 200–450 µm. Foot stalk length ca. 15–60 µm. Corona height ca. 90 µm, width ca. 140 µm, width/height ratio ca. 1.6. Lateral antenna length ca. 80 µm. Etymology. The species name thalenoiensis is an adjective, derived from the type locality of the species. Distribution. In addition to the type locality, the new species is known from Cambodia (sub. Ptygura cf. linguata, Segers et al., 2011). Apparently, it is endemic to Southeast Asia.Published as part of Meksuwan, Phuripong, Pholpunthin, Pornsilp & Segers, Hendrik, 2011, Diversity of sessile rotifers (Gnesiotrocha, Monogononta, Rotifera) in Thale Noi Lake, Thailand, pp. 1-18 in Zootaxa 2997 on page 12, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20799

Figure 20 in Description of four new species of the Cirolana 'parva group' (Crustacea: Isopoda: Cirolanidae) from Thailand, with supporting molecular (COI) data

Figure 20. Cirolana thailandica sp. nov., male paratype PSUZC–CR0285-02 (7.4 mm). (A) lateral of pereopod 6; (B) mesial of pereopod 6; (C) lateral of pereopod 7; (D) mesial of pereopod 7.Published as part of Eknarin Rodcharoen, Niel L. Bruce & Pornsilp Pholpunthin, 2016, Description of four new species of the Cirolana 'parva group' (Crustacea: Isopoda: Cirolanidae) from Thailand, with supporting molecular (COI) data, pp. 1935-1981 in Journal of Natural History 50 (31-32) on page 35, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2016.1180718, http://zenodo.org/record/26902

Description of four new species of the Cirolana 'parva group' (Crustacea: Isopoda: Cirolanidae) from Thailand, with supporting molecular (COI) data

Eknarin Rodcharoen, Niel L. Bruce, Pornsilp Pholpunthin (2016): Description of four new species of the Cirolana 'parva group' (Crustacea: Isopoda: Cirolanidae) from Thailand, with supporting molecular (COI) data. Journal of Natural History 50 (31-32): 1935-1981, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2016.1180718, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2016.118071

Is the archeopyle of Tuberculodinium vancampoae (Rossignol) (Gonyaulacales, Dinophyceae) on the hypocyst?

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Lacinularoides Meksuwan, Pholpunthin & Segers, 2011, new genus

Genus Lacinularoides, new genus (Figs 4–5) Type species. Lacinularoides coloniensis (Colledge, 1918), new combination Differential diagnosis. The new genus is characterized by having a corona consisting of five or seven lobes and by the absence of an oviferon (egg-carrying organ). Although the size of the animals and their corona shape both remind one of Pentatrocha Segers & Shiel, 2008, they are separated from this genus by the absence of an oviferon and presence of obvious gelatinous matrix formation, and by the coronal lobes being much smaller than in Pentatrocha. While Pentatrocha has never been observed other than solitary, the single constituent species of Lacinularoides is colonial. By lacking an oviferon, which we consider a synapomorphic feature for a [Pentatrocha, Sinantherina Bory de St. Vincent, 1826] clade, and by having a corona exhibiting distinct lobes, we surmise that the taxon is closest to Octotrocha Thorpe, 1893, which has an even more intricately lobed corona. We further believe the new genus is close to Lacinularia Schweigger, 1820, which has a very similar morphology but which has a corona that has, at the most, a ventral concavity giving it a heart-shaped appearance (see Table 4). Description. Mature female large, foot long, foot peduncle tiny or almost invisible. Corona large, with five prominent and two small lobes: a large pair of ventral lobes separated by a deep ventral sinus; a pair of small or, occasionally, indistinct lateral lobes and three dorsal lobes. Single species known to date, living sessile in small to large colonies, occasionally solitary (first specimen of newly established colony?), inhabiting a clear to light-brown coloured gelatinous case. Trophi malleoramate. Etymology. The name Lacinularoides (gender: masculine) is derived from that of its relative, Lacinularia. Redescription of Lacinularoides coloniensis (Colledge, 1918), n. comb. Animal large, transparent, internal organs obvious. Trunk fusiform, tapers gradually into tapering foot, neck region slightly curved dorsally when animal expands the corona. Foot long, with abundant foot glands along upper half part, peduncle tiny. Extended corona large, five- to seven-lobed, consisting of a conspicuous pair of ventral, a pair of occasionally indistinct lateral, and three dorsal lobes. The lobes of the ventral pair are rather round, held perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the body; the lateral lobes are relatively small and appear to be made up by an S-shaped curve of the lateral corona margins. The dorso-lateral lobes are round but with rather straight latero-dorsal sections, tilted to ca. 60 degrees versus the body axis and slightly bent to ventrad; the middorsal lobe relatively small but distinct, slightly triangular. Ventral lobes separated by a deep, U-shaped sinus, separation of dorsal and especially lateral lobes shallow. Dorsal gap tiny; apical field surface bulged by the large mastax. Small projection bearing the dorsal antenna under the dorsal corona lobe. Lateral antenna on minute conical papillae. Gelatinous matrix clear to light-brown, containing the eggs, if any. Male: see Colledge (1918). Trophi nearly symmetrical, malleoramate; unci teeth strongly differentiated. Proximal unci teeth on both sides with three strong teeth, the first smallest in size, the first tooth on the left side bigger than on the right; distal unci teeth of both sides weak, relatively few (2–3). Mature females total length ca. 1,300 µm. Trunk length ca. 460 µm, width ca. 130 µm. Foot length ca. 820 µm. Corona height ca. 380 µm, width ca. 360 µm. Parthenogenetic egg size ca. 160 x 100 µm. Remarks. Although we recognize this taxon as representing the genus newly described herein (with the caveat that the diagnosis of genera in Flosculariidae is in urgent need of revision; see comment in Segers & Shiel 2008), the species appears to have been recorded repeatedly before. We accept that the present material is conspecific with the animal described in good detail in 1918 by W. R. Colledge, as Melicerta coloniensis, from a “pool at Goodna, Qld” (Colledge, 1925) Australia. The taxon had not been recorded ever since and it appears to have been overlooked. The reason for this may be historical, and lay in confusion between L. coloniensis and Octotrocha speciosa. We know from the study of W.T. Edmondson’s notebooks that this author, an authority on sessile rotifers, considered both O. speciosa and L. coloniensis as possible identity of animals before him. We now know that the two can relatively easily be distinguished, even in contracted state, by their trophi morphology, a feature that at that time was hardly considered in identification of sessile rotifers: the differentiation in development of the unci teeth is noticeably stronger in L. coloniensis than in O. speciosa (compare Figs 5 a–c with Fig. 7 in Segers et al., 2011). Based on a re-evaluation of published drawings and photographs of trophi morphology, Segers et al. (2011) reevaluated previously published and (partly) illustrated records of Octotrocha speciosa Thorpe, 1893 by Edmondson (1959), Koste (1974, 1978, 1989), Sarma & Elias-Gutierrez (1998), and Segers & Shiel (2008) as being misidentified, and with the information we now have available we suggest that these records all pertain to L. coloniensis. This would imply that, whereas both species co-occur in Southeast Asia and China, L. coloniensis is much more widespread and may be the only one of the two that occurs in Australia and the Americas. This precludes direct comparison of the two by zoologists working outside the area of O. speciosa, including W.T. Edmondson. Based on the present considerations, we now are quite sure that the glass model of a small colony of sessile rotifers identified as O. speciosa Thorpe, on exhibit in the American Museum of Natural History (see Fig. 1.1. in Wallace et al. 2006) and whose identity had already been questioned by Segers & Shiel (2008), represents L. coloniensis. Similarly, as our observations confirm Octotrocha speciosa as a solitary animal, we assume that the autorecruitive nature of colony formation of O. speciosa as reported by Wallace et al. (2006) refers to L. coloniensis. Indeed, a photograph kindly supplied by R.L. Wallace of the animals he studied indeed appears to depict L. coloniensis.Published as part of Meksuwan, Phuripong, Pholpunthin, Pornsilp & Segers, Hendrik, 2011, Diversity of sessile rotifers (Gnesiotrocha, Monogononta, Rotifera) in Thale Noi Lake, Thailand, pp. 1-18 in Zootaxa 2997 on pages 8-12, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20799