TRENDS ANALYSIS IN GIG ECONOMY

This paper aims to research the main characteristics and trends of the freelancer’s market in temporary and occasional jobs in the Digital economy. The research was conducted by analyzing the content of reports of companies that hire freelancers, consulting companies and blogs of experts. The Digital economy is one of the results of the widespread application of information and communication technologies (ICT) that have influenced the transformation of the business model. Widespread application of ICT increased the flexibility of the work environment from the perspective of the place and time of work, as well as the way of engagement of the workforce. The application of ICT has expanded the scope and range of services available in today's market of temporary and occasional jobs. Contemporary companies in the Digital economy are increasingly focusing on their core competencies, leaving other jobs to external associates. The Gig economy refers to the engagement of labour in temporary and occasional jobs. Of the total number of employees in the USA during 2020, 36% worked as freelancers. Freelancers, during 2020, generated total revenue of US$ 1.2 trillion. Also, it is important to point out that a certain percentage of freelancers, currently, realize additional jobs in this way, but that there is a noticeable increase in the number of freelancers who accept this model of employment as the only way of permanent employment. Also, further growth in the number of freelancers in the world is predicted

TRENDS ANALYSIS IN GIG ECONOMY

This paper aims to research the main characteristics and trends of the freelancer’s market in temporary and occasional jobs in the Digital economy. The research was conducted by analyzing the content of reports of companies that hire freelancers, consulting companies and blogs of experts. The Digital economy is one of the results of the widespread application of information and communication technologies (ICT) that have influenced the transformation of the business model. Widespread application of ICT increased the flexibility of the work environment from the perspective of the place and time of work, as well as the way of engagement of the workforce. The application of ICT has expanded the scope and range of services available in today's market of temporary and occasional jobs. Contemporary companies in the Digital economy are increasingly focusing on their core competencies, leaving other jobs to external associates. The Gig economy refers to the engagement of labour in temporary and occasional jobs. Of the total number of employees in the USA during 2020, 36% worked as freelancers. Freelancers, during 2020, generated total revenue of US$ 1.2 trillion. Also, it is important to point out that a certain percentage of freelancers, currently, realize additional jobs in this way, but that there is a noticeable increase in the number of freelancers who accept this model of employment as the only way of permanent employment. Also, further growth in the number of freelancers in the world is predicted

DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IMPACT ON JOBS AFTER COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Digital transformation (DT) is a change in the business model of the company by applying new digital technologies. New digital technologies related to the application of automation, robotics, artificial intelligence and contemporary information and communication technology (ICT). The consequence of the application of DT will be the replacement of routine tasks with automation, which is controlled by artificial intelligence. Greater flexibility and efficiency of work will be achieved in terms of place of work, time of work and ways of engaging people. The changes will be felt by all companies, regardless of size or activity. Due to that, DT will also change the labour requirements. Automation of routine jobs will lead to large layoffs. Many professions will almost disappear as the technology they worked with becomes obsolete. It is envisaged to create new job profiles following the requirements of new technologies. Since the application of DT requires new skills and knowledge, it is necessary to educate workers and managers to successfully apply new technologies

Rating the Relevant Factors of Business Conditions for Entrepreneurs in Serbia

In this paper were processed and analyzed the attitudes and opinions of potential entrepreneurs regarding to starting their own businesses, in order to scan favorable conditions for development of entrepreneurship in Serbia. As a basic research instrument, a questionnaire with questions about the possibilities and limitations of entrepreneurial business was designed, with the task of identification and assessment of relevant factors that condition the operations of entrepreneurs in Serbia. Throughout the conducted research, it was concluded there are numerous obstacles to business start-ups and successful growth and development of entrepreneurship in Serbia. Participants of the survey believe they have competencies for starting their own business, but due to the unfavorable market conditions and the lack of financial resources, do not see themselves as employers. Analyzing of efforts and time, as well as the risks they take, it is concluded that most of them are not motivated to engage in entrepreneurship and does not plan a professional career in that field

The investigation of ultrasound efficacy in cleaning the surface of new endodontic instruments

Introduction. Active parts and tips of various new stainless steel and nickel-titanium endodontic instruments can be coated with fragments or metal residues, which can become detached during endodontic treatment. These fragments may obstruct the root canals or even reach the periapical tissue during biomechanical preparation and should be removed before clinical use. Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of metal residues on both new stainless steel and nickel-titanium endodontic instruments, and to determine the cleaning efficacy of ultrasound using distilled water or disinfectant solution for removing these residues. Methods. Forty-eight stainless steel and nickel-titanium instruments were carefully removed from their original packages with dental tweezers, in order to avoid any contact with the cutting flutes and tips. The instruments were evaluated in term of metal debris presence, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and x-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The instruments were then removed from the electron microscopy analysis stubs and placed in an ultrasonic bath for 15 minutes at a frequency of 28 kHz, using distilled water or disinfectant solution. The surfaces of the instruments were re-evaluated after cleaning. Results. Before ultrasound cleaning, a larger amount of metal debris was observed on the nickel-titanium endodontic instruments when compared to those made of stainless steel. The presence of metal particles on the instruments was evaluated by using EDS analysis. The use of ultrasound was effective in removing the metal residues from both types of endodontic instrument surfaces. Conclusion. The use of ultrasound proved to be an efficient method for the removal of metal particles from the surface of new stainless steel and nickel-titanium endodontic instruments

Antioxidant Activities of Celery and Parsley Juices in Rats Treated with Doxorubicin

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Protective Effects of Celery Juice in Treatments with Doxorubicin

The aim of this work was to investigate possible protective effect of celery juice in doxorubicin treatment. The following biochemical parameters were determined: content of reduced glutathione, activities of catalase, xanthine oxidase, glutathione peroxidase, peroxidase, and lipid peroxidation intensity in liver homogenate and blood hemolysate. We examined influence of diluted pure celery leaves and roots juices and their combinations with doxorubicine on analyzed biochemical parameters. Celery roots and leaves juices influenced the examined biochemical parameters and showed protective effects when applied with doxorubicine

Analysis of antimicrobial effect of MTAD solution in infected canal system using PCR technique

Introduction. Clinically acceptable antiseptic should possess organolithic-mineralolithic properties and antimicrobial efficacy, and should be non-toxic. Objective. The aim of the paper was to assess the presence of genomes of the most common microorganisms (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Agregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Tanerella forsythensis, Prevotella intermedia, Treponema denticola and Enterococcus faecalis) in infected tooth root canals before and after rinsing with solution of doxycycline, citric acid and detergent Tween-80 (MTAD) in patients with clinically diagnosed primary apex periodontitis. Methods. The content of primarily infected canals before and after using the MTAD solution was used as a biological material in which the presence of microorganisms DNA was proved. For the detection of bacterial genome the multiplex PCR technique was applied. Results. The percentage of positive samples before canal treatment was 100%. In infected root canals E. faecalis was most dominant (37%). In a relatively high percentage we detected P. intermedia (25%), A. actinomycetemcomitans (20%), T. denticola (17%), T. forsythensis (15%) and P. gingivalis (10%). After rinsing the canal system using MTAD solution, there was a statistically significant decrease in E. faecalis (12%), P. intermedia (0%), T. forsythensis (0%) and P. gingivalis (0%). The presence of other bacteria was also diminished but not statistically significantly. Conclusion. With the application of multiplex PCR technique which provided a simultaneous amplification of various genomic sequences, using several pairs of primers, the most dominant in infected root canals were E. faecalis. P. intermedia, A. actinomycetemcomitans, T. denticola, T. forsythensis and P. gingivalis. After mechanic treatment and irrigation of root canals with MTAD solution, P. intermedia, P. gingivalis and T. forsythensis were not found. The presence of E. faecalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans and T. denticola was diminished, however, not statistically significantly.Uvod. Klinički prihvatljiv intrakanalni antiseptik mora imati organolitičko-mineralolitičko dejstvo i antibakterijsku efikasnost i ne sme biti toksičan. Cilj rada. Cilj rada je bio da se ispita postojanje genoma najčešćih mikroorganizama (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Tannerella forsythensis, Prevotella intermedia, Treponema denticola i Enterococcus faecalis) u inficiranim kanalima korena zuba pre i posle irigacije rastvorom doksiciklina, limunske kiseline i deterdženta Tween­80 (MTAD) kod osoba s klinički dijagnostikovanim primarnim apeksnim parodontitisom. Metode rada. Kao biološki materijal u kojem je dokazivano prisustvo DNK mikroorganizama korišćen je sadržaj iz primarno inficiranih kanala pre i posle irigacije rastvorom MTAD. Za otkrivanje bakterijskog genoma primenjena je multipleksna tehnika PCR. Rezultati. Procenat pozitivnih uzoraka pre obrade kanala bio je 100%. U inficiranim kanalima korena zuba najčešći je bio E. faecalis (37%). U relativno visokom procentu otkriveni su i: P. intermedia (25%), A. actinomycetemcomitans (20%), T. denticola (17%), T. forsythensis (15%) i P. gingivalis (10%). Posle irigacije kanalnog sistema rastvorom MTAD utvrđeno je statistički značajno smanjenje učestalosti E. faecalis (12%), P. intermedia (0%), T. forsythensis (0%) i P. gingivalis (0%). Učestalost ostalih bakterija takođe se smanjila, ali ne statistički značajno. Zaključak. Primenom multipleksne PCR tehnike, koja omogućava istovremenu amplifikaciju genskih sekvenci uz korišćenje dva para prajmera, u inficiranim kanalima korena zuba najčešće je utvrđen E. faecalis. U relativno visokom procentu otkrivene su P. intermedia, A. actinomycetem­comitans, T. denticola, T. forsythensis i P. gingivalis. Posle hemomehaničke obrade i irigacije kanala rastvorom MTAD nisu zabeležene P. intermedia, P. gingivalis i T. forsythensis, dok je učestalost E. faecalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans i T. denticola smanjena, ali ne statistički značajno