Prevalence of forearm musculoskeletal overload among recreational and competitive tennis players in the Czech Republic

Title: Prevalence of forearm musculoskeletal overload among recreational and competitive tennis players in the Czech Republic Objectives: The aim of this diploma thesis is to find out how often the overload of the musculoskeletal system occurs among Czech competitive and recreational tennis players Methods: The chapter "Theoretical background" sums up the information about tennis and overloading the musculoskeletal system of the forearm. The form was a search of domestic and foreign literature. The practical part was conducted in the form of quantitative research - more specifically in the form of descriptive analysis. The data were obtained through a non- standardized questionnaire, which was distributed to tennis players in the Czech Republic. The completion of the questionnaire was completely anonymous. Subsequently, the obtained data were processed using descriptive statistics in Microsoft Excel program. The SPSS program was used to verify hypotheses, research questions, and general relationships between the various variables. A value of p ≤ 0.05 was chosen for the level of significance. The strength of the relationship between the examined variables was evaluated using Cramer's V. Results: A total of 321 probands participated in the questionnaire survey (n = 321). The results showed that the...Název: Prevalence přetížení šlachosvalového aparátu předloktí mezi rekreačními a závodními hráči tenisu v České republice Cíl: Cílem této diplomové práce je zjistit, s jakou četností se objevuje přetížení šlachosvalového aparátu mezi českými závodními a rekreačními hráči tenisu. Metody: V kapitole "Teoretická východiska" jsou zpracovány informace ohledně tenisu a přetěžování šlachosvalového aparátu formou rešerše z tuzemské a zahraniční literatury. Praktická část je vedena formou kvantitativního výzkumu - konkrétněji formou deskriptivní analýzy. Data byla získávána skrze nestandardizovaný dotazník, který byl distribuován k hráčům tenisu v České republice. Vyplnění dotazníku bylo zcela anonymní. Následně získaná data byla zpracována pomocí popisné statistiky v programu Microsoft Excel. Pro ověření hypotéz, výzkumných otázek a všeobecně vztahů mezi různými proměnnými, byl použit program SPSS. Pro hladinu významnosti byla zvolena hodnota p ≤ 0,05. Síla vztahu mezi zkoumanými proměnnými byla hodnocena pomocí Cramerova V. Výsledky: V dotazníkovém šetření participovalo celkem 321 probandů (n=321). Výsledky prokázaly, že problematika přetěžování šlachosvalového aparátu předloktí postihuje v určité formě až 70 % všech dotázaných. Ze 30 % v "Časté" formě, a 40 % v "Občasné" formě. Jako nejčastější příčiny...FyzioterapieFakulta tělesné výchovy a sportuFaculty of Physical Education and Spor

Prevalence of forearm musculoskeletal overload among recreational and competitive tennis players in the Czech Republic

Title: Prevalence of forearm musculoskeletal overload among recreational and competitive tennis players in the Czech Republic Objectives: The aim of this diploma thesis is to find out how often the overload of the musculoskeletal system occurs among Czech competitive and recreational tennis players Methods: The chapter "Theoretical background" sums up the information about tennis and overloading the musculoskeletal system of the forearm. The form was a search of domestic and foreign literature. The practical part was conducted in the form of quantitative research - more specifically in the form of descriptive analysis. The data were obtained through a non- standardized questionnaire, which was distributed to tennis players in the Czech Republic. The completion of the questionnaire was completely anonymous. Subsequently, the obtained data were processed using descriptive statistics in Microsoft Excel program. The SPSS program was used to verify hypotheses, research questions, and general relationships between the various variables. A value of p ≤ 0.05 was chosen for the level of significance. The strength of the relationship between the examined variables was evaluated using Cramer's V. Results: A total of 321 probands participated in the questionnaire survey (n = 321). The results showed that the..

Subretinal Implantation of Human Primary RPE Cells Cultured on Nanofibrous Membranes in Minipigs

Purpose: The development of primary human retinal pigmented epithelium (hRPE) for clinical transplantation purposes on biodegradable scaffolds is indispensable. We hereby report the results of the subretinal implantation of hRPE cells on nanofibrous membranes in minipigs. Methods: The hRPEs were collected from human cadaver donor eyes and cultivated on ultrathin nanofibrous carriers prepared via the electrospinning of poly(L-lactide-co-DL-lactide) (PDLLA). “Libechov” minipigs (12–36 months old) were used in the study, supported by preoperative tacrolimus immunosuppressive therapy. The subretinal implantation of the hRPE-nanofibrous carrier was conducted using general anesthesia via a custom-made injector during standard three-port 23-gauge vitrectomy, followed by silicone oil endotamponade. The observational period lasted 1, 2, 6 and 8 weeks, and included in vivo optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the retina, as well as post mortem immunohistochemistry using the following antibodies: HNAA and STEM121 (human cell markers); Bestrophin and CRALBP (hRPE cell markers); peanut agglutining (PNA) (cone photoreceptor marker); PKCα (rod bipolar marker); Vimentin, GFAP (macroglial markers); and Iba1 (microglial marker). Results: The hRPEs assumed cobblestone morphology, persistent pigmentation and measurable trans-epithelial electrical resistance on the nanofibrous PDLLA carrier. The surgical delivery of the implants in the subretinal space of the immunosuppressed minipigs was successfully achieved and monitored by fundus imaging and OCT. The implanted hRPEs were positive for HNAA and STEM121 and were located between the minipig’s neuroretina and RPE layers at week 2 post-implantation, which was gradually attenuated until week 8. The neuroretina over the implants showed rosette or hypertrophic reaction at week 6. The implanted cells expressed the typical RPE marker bestrophin throughout the whole observation period, and a gradual diminishing of the CRALBP expression in the area of implantation at week 8 post-implantation was observed. The transplanted hRPEs appeared not to form a confluent layer and were less capable of keeping the inner and outer retinal segments intact. The cone photoreceptors adjacent to the implant scaffold were unchanged initially, but underwent a gradual change in structure after hRPE implantation; the retina above and below the implant appeared relatively healthy. The glial reaction of the transplanted and host retina showed Vimentin and GFAP positivity from week 1 onward. Microglial activation appeared in the retinal area of the transplant early after the surgery, which seemed to move into the transplant area over time. Conclusions: The differentiated hRPEs can serve as an alternative cell source for RPE replacement in animal studies. These cells can be cultivated on nanofibrous PDLLA and implanted subretinally into minipigs using standard 23-gauge vitrectomy and implantation injector. The hRPE-laden scaffolds demonstrated relatively good incorporation into the host retina over an eight-week observation period, with some indication of a gliotic scar formation, and a likely neuroinflammatory response in the transplanted area despite the use of immunosuppression