Comportamento de crianças e adolescentes em relação ao tempo de tela em Porto Velho, Amazônia Ocidental Brasileira

Introduction: In studies directed to children and adolescents, the sedentary behavior has been usually represented by exposure to screen, which comprise the total or separate measured time exposed to television, videogame, tablets, mobile devices, and computer. Objective: To analyze the prevalence and factors associated with screen time in children and adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional school-based study was carried out with 1,471 students from Elementary School, aged between 7 to 18 years (51.3% male), enrolled at public schools (55.6%) in Porto Velho, Rondônia (RO) state, Brazil. Excess screen time was defined as watching television, using the computer, and playing video games for more than two hours per day. Poisson regression was used to obtain crude and adjusted prevalence ratios and their respective 95% CI. Results: Overall prevalence of screen time exposure over two hours per day was 65.9%. After adjustments, risk of screen time exposure was higher in males, PR = 1.51 (95% CI: 1.08 - 1.92), under or equal to 14 years old, PR = 1.69 (95% CI: 1.48 - 1.92), in the 5th grade, PR = 1.41 (95% CI: 1.02 - 1.89), in the 6th grade, PR = 1.44 (95% CI: 1.06 - 1.97) and in the 7th grade, PR = 1.52 (95% CI: 1.09 - 2.13), attending two weekly PE classes or fewer, PR = 1.25 (95% CI: 1.07 - 1.53) ), consuming more than 3 daily meals, PR = 2.69 (95% CI: 2.14 - 3.37) and overweight, PR = 1.51 (95% CI: 1.13 - 2.03). Conclusion: The findings showed that the exposure equal to or more than two hours of daily screen time was high. The students more exposed to this outcome had the next characteristics: male sex, age less than or equal to 14 years, from the fifth, sixth, and seventh grade of elementary education, practice physical education classes less than or equal to two hours per week, consume more than three meals daily and have excess body fat (G%).Introdução: Em estudos direcionados a crianças e adolescentes, o comportamento sedentário tem sido usualmente representado pela exposição aos comportamentos de tela, que compreendem as medidas (unificadas ou distintas) do tempo de televisão, videogame, tablets, aparelhos celulares e computador. Objetivo: Investigar a prevalência e os fatores associados ao tempo de tela em crianças e adolescentes. Método: Estudo transversal de base escolar, com 1471 escolares de 9 a 18 anos, sendo 51,3% do sexo masculino pertencentes às escolas públicas (55,6%) do ensino fundamental de Porto Velho, Rondônia. O tempo excessivo de tela foi definido como assistir televisão, usar o computador e jogar videogames por mais de duas horas diárias. Análise utilizada foi regressão de Poisson para obtenção das razões de prevalências brutas e ajustadas e seus respectivos IC95%. Resultados: A prevalência geral de exposição de tempo de tela maior que duas horas diárias foi de 65,9%. Após ajustes, o risco à exposição de tempo de tela foi maior no sexo masculino RP = 1,51 (IC95%: 1,08 – 1,92), idade menor ou igual a 14 anos RP = 1,69 (IC95%: 1,48 – 1,92), graus de ensino 5ª ano RP=1,41 (IC95%: 1,02 – 1,89), 6ª ano RP=1,44 (IC95%: 1,06 – 1,97) e 7ª ano RP = 1,52 (IC95%: 1,09 – 2,13), frequentar as aulas de educação física menos ou igual a duas aulas semanais RP = 1,25 (IC95%:1,07 – 1,53), consumir refeições diárias mais de três por dia RP = 2,69 (IC95%:2,14 – 3,37) e ter excesso de gordura RP = 1,51 (IC95%: 1,13 – 2,03). Conclusão: Os resultados mostraram que a exposição igual ou superior a duas horas de tela diária era alta. Os estudantes mais expostos a este desfecho tiveram as seguintes características: sexo masculino, idade menor ou igual a 14 anos, de quinta, sexta e sétima série do ensino fundamental, praticar aulas de educação física menor ou igual a duas horas semanais, consumir mais de três refeições diárias e estar com excesso de gordura corporal (G%)

Factors Associated with Excess Weight in a Sample Population of School Adolescents

Introduction: Overweight has been reported as a public health problem. Consequently, this suggests epidemiological studies for nutritional surveillance.Objective:  To analyze the prevalence and factors associated with overweight among high school students in Capital of the Brazilian Western Amazon.Methods: cross-sectional study of 2694 adolescents from public and private schools. They collected demographic, socioeconomic and sedentary behavior through self-responded questionnaire. Overweight rating followed the recommendations of the World Health Organization (2007). The prevalence rates were calculated, odds ratio and their confidence intervals were calculated at 95%. They identified the factors associated with excess weight by multiple binary logistic regression.Results: The overall prevalence of overweight was 24.2% and 26.3% for males and 22.4% for females. After adjustment factors associated with overweight were economic class A / B (OR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.45), private school type (OR = 1.21, 95% CI 1,02-1.46) and poor health perception (OR = 1.27, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.58). It was concluded that excess weight showed high prevalence in economy class adolescents and B and private schools in Porto Velho, RO, Brazil.Conclusion: Therefore, the practice of physical activity associated with a diet should be encouraged, in addition to reducing sedentary behavior, to prevent the development of overweight and obesity

Sobrepeso e obesidade: prevalência em crianças e adolescentes ao norte do Brasil

Introduction: Obesity is a chronic disease with a multifactorial etiology, brought about by a set of genetic, environmental and psychological factors. This may generate comorbidities that affect the quality of life and involve other risks to health. Objective: To describe the prevalence of overweight and obesity in school children and adolescents in Porto Velho - Rondônia, Brazil in the period  2013-2016. Methods: This study included 4165 schoolchildren aged 9 to 18 years. The students were classified as overweight and obese, according to the z score of the body mass index (BMI) for age and calculated according the WHO AnthroPlus program. Subsequently, BMI for age was categorized according to the criteria proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO, 2007): overweight (? score z +1 ? z + 2) and obese (? score z +2). Prevalence calculations were performed using the SPSS version 20.0 program.   Results: Overall, the prevalence of overweight was 27.1%, being overweight 18.8% and obese 8.3%, in private schools 21.4% and 9.8%, public schools 17.0% and 7.2% respectively. The east zone predominated in both education networks 18.8% and 8.3% respectively. In males, the highest prevalence was at nine years old, 30.7% and 23.0%, and female, 24.3% and 13.8%. Conclusion: The magnitude of the prevalence of overweight and obesity was high and worrying among schoolchildren and adolescents in the city of Porto Velho, which demonstrates the need for public health actions aimed at the family unit, regardless of the social segment.Introdução: A obesidade é uma doença crônica com etiologia multifatorial, provocada por um conjunto de aspectos genéticos, ambientais e psicológicos. Esta pode gerar comorbidades que afetam a qualidade de vida e implicam em outros riscos à saúde. Objetivo: Descrever a prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade em crianças e adolescentes escolares em Porto Velho – RO, Brasil. 2013-2016. Método: Este estudo incluiu 4165 escolares de 9 a 18 anos. Os escolares foram classificados como sobrepeso e obeso, de acordo com o escore z do índice de massa corporal (IMC) para idade e calculado com auxílio do programa WHO AnthroPlus. Posteriormente, o IMC para idade foi categorizado conforme os critérios propostos pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS, 2007): sobrepeso (?escore z +1 ? z + 2) e obeso (? escore z +2). Os cálculos de prevalências foram feitos com o auxílio do programa SPSS versão 20.0.   Resultados: As prevalências de excesso de peso foram elevadas de 27,1%, sobrepeso 18,8% e obeso 8,3%, escolas particulares 21,4% e 9,8%, públicas 17,0% e 7,2% respectivamente. A zona leste predominou em ambas as redes de ensino 18,8% e 8,3% respectivamente. No sexo masculino a maior prevalência foi aos nove anos 30,7% e 23,0% e feminino 24,3% e 13,8%. Conclusão: A magnitude da prevalência de sobrepeso e obeso foi elevada e preocupante em escolares da cidade de Porto Velho, o que demonstra a necessidade de ações de saúde pública voltadas à unidade familiar, independentemente do segmento social

Fatores associados ao excesso de peso: estudo de base escolar ao norte do Brasil

ABSTRACT Factors associated with overweight: school based study brazil to the northIntroduction: The excess weight (overweight and obesity) had a high growth in recent decades thus causing various complications in the lives of individuals, in addition to high spending on public health. Aim: To determine the prevalence of overweight and associated factors in primary school students of the public school system in Porto Velho-RO. school-based study of 42010 elementary school students, 2014/15. Materials and Methods: The sample was based on a 50% prevalence of overweight, two percentage points error, confidence interval 95% non-response rate of 2% and replacement 16%, the study was completed with 820 school. Results: The overall prevalence of risk of overweight was 27% (95% CI: 23.8 to 30.1) (19.2% overweight and obese 7.8%). The variables after adjustment attend physical education classes twice a week or more (OR = 6.77; 95% CI: 4.72 to 9.71), more than two hours at the computer (OR = 1.50; CI95 %: 1.07 to 2.11), up three meals a day (OR = 1.82; 95% CI: 1.25 to 2.64), sweet (OR = 1.52; 95% CI: 1.09 2,15) and dairy products (OR = 4.08; 95% CI: 2.84 to 5.86) more than once a day, and was positively associated with a greater chance of risk of overweight. Conclusion: The profile of the investigated school conforms to the trend that has been observed with increased risk of overweight among young Brazilians in public and private schools, therefore, justified actions and immediate educational strategies and intervention programs to change this scenario.Introdução: O excesso de peso (sobrepeso e obesidade) teve um elevado crescimento nas últimas décadas causando assim várias complicações na vida dos indivíduos, além do elevado gasto com saúde pública. Objetivo: Verificar a prevalência de excesso de peso e os fatores associados em escolares do ensino fundamental da rede pública de ensino em Porto Velho-RO. Estudo de base escolar com 42010 alunos do ensino fundamental, 2014/15. Materiais e Métodos: A amostra baseou-se em uma prevalência de 50% de excesso de peso, erro de dois pontos percentuais, Intervalo de confiança 95%, taxa de não resposta de 2% e reposição 16%, o estudo foi finalizado com 820 escolares. Resultados: A prevalência geral de risco de excesso de peso foi 27% (IC95%: 23,8-30,1) (sobrepeso 19,2% e obesos 7,8%). As variáveis após ajuste frequentar as aulas de educação física duas vezes por semana ou mais (OR=6,77; IC95%: 4,72-9,71), mais de duas horas frente ao computador (OR=1,50; IC95%: 1,07 – 2,11), acima de três refeições diárias (OR=1,82; IC95%: 1,25-2,64), doces (OR=1,52; IC95%: 1,09-2,15) e leite e derivados (OR=4,08; IC95%: 2,84-5,86) acima de uma vez ao dia, associou-se positivamente e com maior chance de risco de excesso de peso. Conclusão: O perfil dos escolares investigados está de acordo com a tendência que tem sido observada com aumento do risco de excesso de peso entre os jovens brasileiros em escolas públicas e privadas, portanto, se justifica ações e estratégias educativas imediatas e programas de intervenção na tentativa de mudar esse cenário

Fatores associados ao excesso de peso: estudo de base escolar ao norte do Brasil

Introdução: O excesso de peso (sobrepeso e obesidade) teve um elevado crescimento nas últimas décadas causando assim várias complicações na vida dos indivíduos, além do elevado gasto com saúde pública. Objetivo: Verificar a prevalência de excesso de peso e os fatores associados em escolares do ensino fundamental da rede pública de ensino em Porto Velho-RO. Estudo de base escolar com 42010 alunos do ensino fundamental, 2014/15. Materiais e Métodos: A amostra baseou-se em uma prevalência de 50% de excesso de peso, erro de dois pontos percentuais, Intervalo de confiança 95%, taxa de não resposta de 2% e reposição 16%, o estudo foi finalizado com 820 escolares. Resultados: A prevalência geral de risco de excesso de peso foi 27% (IC95%: 23,8-30,1) (sobrepeso 19,2% e obesos 7,8%). As variáveis após ajuste frequentar as aulas de educação física duas vezes por semana ou mais (OR=6,77; IC95%: 4,72-9,71), mais de duas horas frente ao computador (OR=1,50; IC95%: 1,07 – 2,11), acima de três refeições diárias (OR=1,82; IC95%: 1,25-2,64), doces (OR=1,52; IC95%: 1,09-2,15) e leite e derivados (OR=4,08; IC95%: 2,84-5,86) acima de uma vez ao dia, associou-se positivamente e com maior chance de risco de excesso de peso. Conclusão: O perfil dos escolares investigados está de acordo com a tendência que tem sido observada com aumento do risco de excesso de peso entre os jovens brasileiros em escolas públicas e privadas, portanto, se justifica ações e estratégias educativas imediatas e programas de intervenção na tentativa de mudar esse cenário. ABSTRACT Factors associated with overweight: school based study brazil to the northIntroduction: The excess weight (overweight and obesity) had a high growth in recent decades thus causing various complications in the lives of individuals, in addition to high spending on public health. Aim: To determine the prevalence of overweight and associated factors in primary school students of the public school system in Porto Velho-RO. school-based study of 42010 elementary school students, 2014/15. Materials and Methods: The sample was based on a 50% prevalence of overweight, two percentage points error, confidence interval 95% non-response rate of 2% and replacement 16%, the study was completed with 820 school. Results: The overall prevalence of risk of overweight was 27% (95% CI: 23.8 to 30.1) (19.2% overweight and obese 7.8%). The variables after adjustment attend physical education classes twice a week or more (OR = 6.77; 95% CI: 4.72 to 9.71), more than two hours at the computer (OR = 1.50; CI95 %: 1.07 to 2.11), up three meals a day (OR = 1.82; 95% CI: 1.25 to 2.64), sweet (OR = 1.52; 95% CI: 1.09 2,15) and dairy products (OR = 4.08; 95% CI: 2.84 to 5.86) more than once a day, and was positively associated with a greater chance of risk of overweight. Conclusion: The profile of the investigated school conforms to the trend that has been observed with increased risk of overweight among young Brazilians in public and private schools, therefore, justified actions and immediate educational strategies and intervention programs to change this scenario

The relation between body mass index and body fat percentage in Brazilian adolescents: assessment of variability, linearity, and categorisation

Reliable but accessible measures to capture body composition are highly important as the world is in an era of obesity-increase. The most used measure, the body mass index (BMI), nevertheless, has been judged as non-reliable to estimate body fat percentage (BF%). The present manuscript assessed the criticisms of BMI as a predictor of BF% and the BMI-based categories of nutritional status. 4164 children/adolescents from 9 to 18 years of age from Porto Velho, Brazil, had their anthropometric and skinfold measures taken. Controlling for socioeconomic status, school (private, public), sex and age, we compared proposed models/variables in the literature relating BMI and BF%. We evaluated the functions and the residual data to understand the variability of BF% estimate per BMI and evaluated three possible categorisations from BMI to predict BF% nutritional status. The function utilising (linear) BMI was the best to predict BF% (R2 = 0.70) with a variability of only 6.49% around the function. Nevertheless, no categorisation of nutritional status was reliable to predict the nutritional status of individuals. BMI is reliable to estimate BF%. Nevertheless, new normative values must be proposed; the original categorisation fails to capture the nutritional status of children/adolescents from this region

Prevalence and concordance in the prediction of excess body weight by two anthropometric criteria in adolescents of western Brazilian Amazon

The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence and concordance of excess weight (BMI) and body fat (fat %) in adolescents of both sexes from cities of Rio Branco-AC and Porto Velho-RO. This study evaluated 4,310 adolescents, 2,167 from Rio Branco and 2,143 from Porto Velho. No difference (p=0.46) for excess weight between adolescents from Rio Branco (34.8%) and Porto Velho (33.8%) was observed. Fat percentage was significantly higher (p<0.01) in adolescents from Porto Velho (59.8%) compared to those from Rio Branco (44.3%). In intra-pubertal and pubertal stages, moderate concordance was identified (p<0.01) and in pre-pubertal stage, substantial concordance was observed (p<0.01). Thus, the findings of this study point out the adequacy of screening and diagnosis of obesity and overweight, which will enable earlier approach and treatment of adolescents

Relação da composição corporal e a percepção da imagem em mulheres praticantes de musculação

Objetivo: Descrever a Percepção da Imagem Corporal (PIC) de mulheres praticantes de musculação e a sua relação com a composição corporal. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com 99 mulheres de 18 a 59 anos de idade. Utilizou-se a escala de silhuetas de Stunkard para a avaliação da PIC. Para a avaliação da composição corporal utilizou-se as medidas antropométricas. Para a análise dos dados empregou-se os testes de Correlação de Pearson, Regressão Linear Múltipla e Regressão de Poisson. Resultados: As silhuetas 4 e 6 (24,2%) e a silhueta 4 (42,4%) são as mais citadas como reais e ideal, respectivamente. A maior parte das mulheres (84,8%) estava insatisfeita com sua PIC real em função do excesso de peso (95,7%), percentual de gordura (%G) (92,1%) e circunferência da cintura (CC) (86,4%). Os modelos de regressão com maior poder de predição da silhueta real levaram em consideração a CC (57% de explicação) e CC, dobra cutânea subescapular (DCSE) e supra-ilíaca (DCSI) (60% de explicação). A Razão de Prevalência (RP) com a insatisfação com a PIC 1,650, 1,298 e 1,094 vezes maior nas mulheres classificadas com risco de excesso de gordura geral. Conclusão: A silhueta real e ideal mais citada foi a 4, as correlações mais altas com a silhueta real IMC, DCSE, DCSI e CC, na regressão linear múltipla a CC explicou em 57% e a CC, DCSE e DCSI 60%. Ocorreu-se a prevalência geral com a insatisfação com a PIC alta, associada ao IMC, %G e CC. ABSTRACT Relationship of body composition and image perception in musculation practicing womenObjective: To describe Body Image Perception (PIC) of women practicing bodybuilding and its correlation with body composition. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was performed with 99 women aged 18-59 years. The Stunkard silhouettes scale was used for the evaluation of ICP. The anthropometric measures were used to evaluate the body composition. Data analysis was performed using the Pearson Correlation, Multiple Linear Regression and Poisson Regression tests. Results: The silhouettes 4 and 6 (24.2%) and the silhouette 4 (42.4%) are the most cited as real and ideal, respectively. Most women (84.8%) were dissatisfied with their actual PIC because of overweight (95.7%), fat percentage (% G) (92.1%) and waist circumference (WC) (86.4%). The regression models with greater power of prediction of the real silhouette took into consideration CC (57% of explanation) and CC, subscapular skin fold (DCSE) and supra-iliac (DCSI) (60% of explanation). The Prevalence Ratio (PR) with dissatisfaction with ICP was 1,650, 1,298 and 1,094 times higher in women classified as risk of general excess fat. Conclusion: The highest and most cited ideal silhouette was the 4, the highest correlations with the actual silhouette were IMC, DCSE, DCSI and CC, in the multiple linear regression the CC explained in 57% and DC, DCSE and DCSI 60%. The general prevalence occurred with dissatisfaction with high ICP, associated with BMI,% G and CC

Relação da composição corporal e a percepção da imagem em mulheres praticantes de musculação

Objetivo: Descrever a Percepção da Imagem Corporal (PIC) de mulheres praticantes de musculação e a sua relação com a composição corporal. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com 99 mulheres de 18 a 59 anos de idade. Utilizou-se a escala de silhuetas de Stunkard para a avaliação da PIC. Para a avaliação da composição corporal utilizou-se as medidas antropométricas. Para a análise dos dados empregou-se os testes de Correlação de Pearson, Regressão Linear Múltipla e Regressão de Poisson. Resultados: As silhuetas 4 e 6 (24,2%) e a silhueta 4 (42,4%) são as mais citadas como reais e ideal, respectivamente. A maior parte das mulheres (84,8%) estava insatisfeita com sua PIC real em função do excesso de peso (95,7%), percentual de gordura (%G) (92,1%) e circunferência da cintura (CC) (86,4%). Os modelos de regressão com maior poder de predição da silhueta real levaram em consideração a CC (57% de explicação) e CC, dobra cutânea subescapular (DCSE) e supra-ilíaca (DCSI) (60% de explicação). A Razão de Prevalência (RP) com a insatisfação com a PIC 1,650, 1,298 e 1,094 vezes maior nas mulheres classificadas com risco de excesso de gordura geral. Conclusão: A silhueta real e ideal mais citada foi a 4, as correlações mais altas com a silhueta real IMC, DCSE, DCSI e CC, na regressão linear múltipla a CC explicou em 57% e a CC, DCSE e DCSI 60%. Ocorreu-se a prevalência geral com a insatisfação com a PIC alta, associada ao IMC, %G e CC. ABSTRACT Relationship of body composition and image perception in musculation practicing womenObjective: To describe Body Image Perception (PIC) of women practicing bodybuilding and its correlation with body composition. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was performed with 99 women aged 18-59 years. The Stunkard silhouettes scale was used for the evaluation of ICP. The anthropometric measures were used to evaluate the body composition. Data analysis was performed using the Pearson Correlation, Multiple Linear Regression and Poisson Regression tests. Results: The silhouettes 4 and 6 (24.2%) and the silhouette 4 (42.4%) are the most cited as real and ideal, respectively. Most women (84.8%) were dissatisfied with their actual PIC because of overweight (95.7%), fat percentage (% G) (92.1%) and waist circumference (WC) (86.4%). The regression models with greater power of prediction of the real silhouette took into consideration CC (57% of explanation) and CC, subscapular skin fold (DCSE) and supra-iliac (DCSI) (60% of explanation). The Prevalence Ratio (PR) with dissatisfaction with ICP was 1,650, 1,298 and 1,094 times higher in women classified as risk of general excess fat. Conclusion: The highest and most cited ideal silhouette was the 4, the highest correlations with the actual silhouette were IMC, DCSE, DCSI and CC, in the multiple linear regression the CC explained in 57% and DC, DCSE and DCSI 60%. The general prevalence occurred with dissatisfaction with high ICP, associated with BMI,% G and CC