Frontières, autres limites et droit

Christopher Pollmann, professeur à l’Université de Metz L’ambition de ce séminaire de quatorze heures était triple. Il s’agissait tout d’abord d’esquisser quelques jalons pour une théorie de la frontière et d’autres limites. Un tel outil "limologique", quelque peu "transversal" par rapport aux disciplines scientifiques établies, pourrait en effet servir à percevoir le droit sous un nouveau jour. Compte tenu du caractère transdisciplinaire de cette approche et de la diversité des participants ..

La subjectivité au service des connaissances ? Robert M. Strozier, Foucault, Subjectivity and Identity. Historical Constructions of Subject and Self, Wayne State University Press : Detroit 2002, 292 p., $ 39,95

Robert Strozier s’en prend à une thématique qui ne cesse de préoccuper la pensée de l’homme. Si elle avait déjà été couramment abordée par la philosophie grecque, c’est avec l’individualisation des sociétés occidentales qui se poursuit depuis la Renaissance qu’elle a pris une tournure de plus en plus existentielle. Non seulement « dans un monde désenchanté, l’interrogation sur soi remplace l’interrogation sur Dieu ». En plus, l’industrialisation plonge l’être humain dans une situation schizop..

Frontières, autres limites et droit

Christopher Pollmann, professeur à l’Université de Metz L’ambition de ce séminaire de quatorze heures était triple. Il s’agissait tout d’abord d’esquisser quelques jalons pour une théorie de la frontière et d’autres limites. Un tel outil "limologique", quelque peu "transversal" par rapport aux disciplines scientifiques établies, pourrait en effet servir à percevoir le droit sous un nouveau jour. Compte tenu du caractère transdisciplinaire de cette approche et de la diversité des participants ..

Die Verflüssigung von Grenzen: Recht, Uhrzeit und Geld wider Raum und Materie

The history of human communities in terms of their "border regime" can be considered tripartite. At first, societies saw themselves as unique, and their edges were the end of their world, surrounded by "barbarians". Under the influence of ever-increasing trade and equalisation of human beings and populations on either side of the edges, the latter have been transformed into national boundaries. This second era is currently in transition to a third epoch, as the continuous globalisation of societies is going along with their atomisation and liquefaction. As entrepreneurs of ourselves, we are more and more supposed to manage our solitary existence ourselves. Law, clock and money are a tempting basis for this, because they do not prescribe nor prohibit any activity, but simply - and all the more relentlessly - establish a framework for individual action. Their limits progressively supplement collective delineations of human life (birth and residence, gender, religion, profession, etc.)

Differential limit on the extremely-high-energy cosmic neutrino flux in the presence of astrophysical background from nine years of IceCube data

We report a quasi-differential upper limit on the extremely-high-energy (EHE) neutrino flux above $5\times 10^{6}$ GeV based on an analysis of nine years of IceCube data. The astrophysical neutrino flux measured by IceCube extends to PeV energies, and it is a background flux when searching for an independent signal flux at higher energies, such as the cosmogenic neutrino signal. We have developed a new method to place robust limits on the EHE neutrino flux in the presence of an astrophysical background, whose spectrum has yet to be understood with high precision at PeV energies. A distinct event with a deposited energy above $10^{6}$ GeV was found in the new two-year sample, in addition to the one event previously found in the seven-year EHE neutrino search. These two events represent a neutrino flux that is incompatible with predictions for a cosmogenic neutrino flux and are considered to be an astrophysical background in the current study. The obtained limit is the most stringent to date in the energy range between $5 \times 10^{6}$ and $5 \times 10^{10}$ GeV. This result constrains neutrino models predicting a three-flavor neutrino flux of $E_\nu^2\phi_{\nu_e+\nu_\mu+\nu_\tau}\simeq2\times 10^{-8}\ {\rm GeV}/{\rm cm}^2\ \sec\ {\rm sr}$at$10^9\ {\rm GeV}$. A significant part of the parameter-space for EHE neutrino production scenarios assuming a proton-dominated composition of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays is excluded.Comment: The version accepted for publication in Physical Review

Investigation of two Fermi-LAT gamma-ray blazars coincident with high-energy neutrinos detected by IceCube

After the identification of the gamma-ray blazar TXS 0506+056 as the first compelling IceCube neutrino source candidate, we perform a systematic analysis of all high-energy neutrino events satisfying the IceCube realtime trigger criteria. We find one additional known gamma-ray source, the blazar GB6 J1040+0617, in spatial coincidence with a neutrino in this sample. The chance probability of this coincidence is 30% after trial correction. For the first time, we present a systematic study of the gamma-ray flux, spectral and optical variability, and multi-wavelength behavior of GB6 J1040+0617 and compare it to TXS 0506+056. We find that TXS 0506+056 shows strong flux variability in the Fermi-LAT gamma-ray band, being in an active state around the arrival of IceCube-170922A, but in a low state during the archival IceCube neutrino flare in 2014/15. In both cases the spectral shape is statistically compatible ($\leq 2\sigma$) with the average spectrum showing no indication of a significant relative increase of a high-energy component. While the association of GB6 J1040+0617 with the neutrino is consistent with background expectations, the source appears to be a plausible neutrino source candidate based on its energetics and multi-wavelength features, namely a bright optical flare and modestly increased gamma-ray activity. Finding one or two neutrinos originating from gamma-ray blazars in the given sample of high-energy neutrinos is consistent with previously derived limits of neutrino emission from gamma-ray blazars, indicating the sources of the majority of cosmic high-energy neutrinos remain unknown.Comment: 22 pages, 11 figures, 2 Table