91 research outputs found
ΠΠ·Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ 4,5-Π΄ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ»-2,3,6,7,8,10-Π³Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½-8Π°(1Π)-ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ»Ρ Π· N-Π½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡΡΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈ
Schiff bases are of practical interest as initial materials both for the combinatorial synthesis for libraries of compounds, and for preparation of complexes with metals; thus, currently the intensity of research in this direction is increasing. The possibilities of practical use of complex compounds with organic ligands are quite broad varying from effective catalysts of various chemical processes to molecular sensors. While studying formylation of 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1H-spiro[cyclohexane-1,2-quinazolin]-4β(3βH)-one a new domino reaction, which makes it possible to obtain tricyclic acridine systems, has been carried out. In spite of the reduced electrophilicity of the aldehyde groups in 4,5-diformyl-2,3,6,7,8,10-hexahydroacridine-8Π°(1H)-carbonitrile the latter is shown to react with various amines in benzene with azeotropic removal of water using p-TsOH as a catalyst, and with hydroxylamine hydrochloride in i-PrOH. New Schiff bases and oxime obtained are of potential interest as ligands for formation of chelate complexes. The reaction of dialdehyde with N2H4ΓH2O instead of the expected hydrazone resulted in obtaining a macrocyclic compound β a derivative of hexaazacyclooctadecine. The structure of the compounds obtained corresponds to the data of 1H NMR-spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and elemental analysis. The preliminary studies have shown that azomethines β 4,5-phenyl(cyclohexcyl)iminomethyl-2,3,6,7,8,10-hexahydroacridine8Π°(1H)-carbonitrile create complexes with copper and nickel ions.ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π¨ΠΈΡΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Π° Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ², ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΈ Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠ³Π°Π½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΌΠ° ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈ: ΠΎΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ². Π Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ 5β,6β,7β,8β-ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎ-1βΠ-ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠΎ[ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π½-1,2β-Ρ
ΠΈΠ½Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½]-4β(3βΠ)-ΠΎΠ½Π° Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»Π° Π½Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Π½Π° Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΡΠΉΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π°Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π³ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏ Π² 4,5-Π΄ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΠ»2,3,6,7,8,10-Π³Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½-8Π°(1Π)-ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅, ΠΎΠ½ ΡΠ΅Π°Π³ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π² Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΠ»Π΅ Ρ Π°Π·Π΅ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ³ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ° p-TsOH, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Ρ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΡΠΌ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π² i-PrOH. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π¨ΠΈΡΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ Π»ΠΈΠ³Π°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ
Π΅Π»Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ². Π ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π³ΠΈΠ΄Π° Ρ N2H4ΓH2O Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ β ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π³Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π°Π·Π°ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π΄Π΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π°. Π‘ΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Ρ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π―ΠΠ 1Π-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ, ΠΌΠ°ΡΡ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ β 4,5-ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ»(ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»)ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»-2,3,6,7,8,10-Π³Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½-8Π°(1Π)ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ»Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ.Β ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ Π¨ΠΈΡΡΠ° ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ Π² ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ Π²ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΊ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Ρ Π±ΡΠ±Π»ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½, ΡΠ°ΠΊ Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠ² Π· ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ Ρ Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΡΠΌΠΊΡ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠΊΠΈ Π·Π±ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡΡΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠ² Π· ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π»ΡΠ³Π°Π½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΡ: Π²ΡΠ΄ Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΡΠ² Ρ
ΡΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ² Π΄ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΡΡΠ². Π£ Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π²ΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ»ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ 5β,6β,7β,8β-ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎ-1βΠ-ΡΠΏΡΡΠΎ[ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π½-1,2β-Ρ
ΡΠ½Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½]-4β(3βΠ)-ΠΎΠ½Ρ Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»Π° Π²ΡΠ΄ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ° Π½ΠΎΠ²Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΡΡ, ΡΠΊΠ° Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ Π²ΠΈΠΉΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ½Ρ Π³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ Π½Π΅Π·Π²Π°ΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠΈ Π½Π° Π·Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ Π°Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π³ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ
Π³ΡΡΠΏ Ρ 4,5-Π΄ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ»-2,3,6,7,8,10-Π³Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Ρ-8Π°(1Π)-ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ»Ρ, Π²ΡΠ½ ΡΠ΅Π°Π³ΡΡ Π· ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π°ΠΌΡΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΠ»Ρ Π· Π°Π·Π΅ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡ Π²ΡΠ΄Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ Π· Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π² ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ° p-TsOH, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΆ Π· ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΠΌ Π³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ i-PrOH. ΠΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ Π¨ΠΈΡΡΠ° ΡΠ° ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ Ρ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ Π»ΡΠ³Π°Π½Π΄ΡΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Ρ
Π΅Π»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠ². Π£ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΡΡ Π΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π³ΡΠ΄Ρ Π· N2H4ΓH2O Π·Π°ΠΌΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΡΠΊΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³ΡΠ΄ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ½Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΡ β ΠΏΠΎΡ
ΡΠ΄Π½Ρ Π³Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π°Π·Π°ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠΎΠΊΡΠ°Π΄Π΅ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ. ΠΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π° Π²ΡΡΡ
ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊ ΠΏΡΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π―ΠΠ 1Π-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΡ, ΠΌΠ°Ρ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΡ Ρ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ·Ρ. ΠΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ, ΡΠΎ Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ β 4,5-ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ»(ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ»)ΡΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»-2, 3,6,7,8,10-Π³Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π³ΡΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½-8Π°(1Π)-ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΈ Π· ΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π½ΡΠΊΠ΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ° ΠΌΡΠ΄Ρ
Electrospun amplified fiber optics
A lot of research is focused on all-optical signal processing, aiming to
obtain effective alternatives to existing data transmission platforms.
Amplification of light in fiber optics, such as in Erbium-doped fiber
amplifiers, is especially important for an efficient signal transmission.
However, the complex fabrication methods, involving high-temperature processes
performed in highly pure environment, slow down the fabrication and make
amplified components expensive with respect to an ideal, high-throughput and
room temperature production. Here, we report on near infrared polymer fiber
amplifiers, working over a band of about 20 nm. The fibers are cheap, spun with
a process entirely carried out at room temperature, and show amplified
spontaneous emission with good gain coefficients as well as low optical losses
(a few cm^-1). The amplification process is favoured by the high fiber quality
and low self-absorption. The found performance metrics promise to be suitable
for short-distance operation, and the large variety of commercially-available
doping dyes might allow for effective multi-wavelength operation by electrospun
amplified fiber optics.Comment: 27 pages, 8 figure
Serum and follicular fluid organochlorine concentrations among women undergoing assisted reproduction technologies
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Exposure to persistent organic pollutants, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides, is widespread among the general population. There is evidence of adverse effects on reproduction and early pregnancy in relation to organochlorine exposure but human studies remain limited. The increased use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) presents unique opportunities for the assessment of environmental influences on early pregnancy outcomes not otherwise observable in humans, but studies need to be designed to maximize the efficiency of the exposure data collected while minimizing exposure measurement error.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The present study was conducted to assess the correlation between concentrations of organochlorines in serum and follicular fluid samples collected from a subset of women undergoing ART in a large study that took place between 1994 and 2003, as well as the temporal reliability of serum organochlorine concentrations among women undergoing multiple ART cycles in the study. PCB congeners (118, 138, 153, and 180), 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(<it>p</it>-chlorophenyl)ethane (p,p'-DDT), the DDT metabolite p,p'-DDE, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), oxychlordane, trans-nonachlor and mirex were measured in 72 follicular fluid samples and 265 serum samples collected from 110 women.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Organochlorine concentrations in paired serum and follicular fluid samples were correlated, with Pearson and Spearman coefficients ranging from 0.60 to 0.92. Serum organochlorine concentrations were two- to three-fold greater than in follicular fluid, and a significant inverse trend was observed in the distribution of follicular fluid:serum ratios with increasing molecular weight of the compound (p-value for trend < 0.0001). Serum organochlorine concentrations were highly reliable over the course of several months, with intraclass correlation coefficients ranging from 0.86 to 0.98. Finally, there was evidence for a declining trend in organochlorine concentrations between samples collected between years 1994β1998 and those collected in 1999β2003.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our results support the use of a single serum sample to adequately represent a more biologically relevant dose (concentrations in follicular fluid), as well as exposure levels over time, in epidemiological studies of ART outcomes in relation to organochlorine exposure.</p
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