Battery Applications of Silver Molybdate Structures

Rapid advancements in energy storage have caused lithium-based batteries to become a dominant product, however, there is a demand for non-flammable alternatives. Zinc-based batteries are cost-efficient and nonflammable. This research focuses on replacing lithium in the implantable cardiac defibrillator battery with a zinc anode source. The high conductivity of silver and large oxidation numbers of molybdenum make silver molybdate materials strong candidates for zinc ion hosts. Silver molybdate cathode and zinc anode batteries were examined through discharge, cyclic voltammetry, recharge, and scanning electron microscopy. To determine the best silver molybdate structure for battery application, several compounds were used with varying silver molybdenum ratios and symmetry. Results indicated that better battery behavior was found in samples that contained higher amounts of silver and nanowire morphology

The use of stable and radiocarbon isotopes as a method for delineating sources of organic material in anchialine systems

A duel isotope (stable and radiocarbon) investigation of anchialine cave systems in the Yucatan Peninsula compares the food web of a coastal and an inland cenote. Isotopic data demonstrates distinct photosynthetic and chemoautotrophic trophic levels, as well as the ability of fauna within the cave to be selective feeders even within these nutrient poor environments

Characterization and Solution Structure of the Factor VIII C2 Domain in a Ternary Complex with Classical and Non-classical Inhibitor Antibodies

The most significant complication for patients with severe cases of congenital or acquired hemophilia A is the development of inhibitor antibodies against coagulation factor VIII (fVIII). The C2 domain of fVIII is a significant antigenic target of anti-fVIII antibodies. Here, we have utilized small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) and biochemical techniques to characterize interactions between two different classes of anti-C2 domain inhibitor antibodies and the isolated C2 domain. Multiple assays indicated that antibodies 3E6 and G99 bind independently to the fVIII C2 domain and can form a stable ternary complex. SAXS-derived numerical estimates of dimensional parameters for all studied complexes agree with the proportions of the constituent proteins. Ab initio modeling of the SAXS data results in a long kinked structure of the ternary complex, showing an angle centered at the C2 domain of ∼130°. Guided by biochemical data, rigid body modeling of subunits into the molecular envelope of the ternary complex suggests that antibody 3E6 recognizes a C2 domain epitope consisting of the Arg2209–Ser2216 and Leu2178–Asp2187 loops. In contrast, antibody G99 recognizes the C2 domain primarily through the Pro2221–Trp2229 loop. These two epitopes are on opposing sides of the fVIII C2 domain, are consistent with the solvent accessibility in the context of the entire fVIII molecule, and provide further structural detail regarding the pathogenic immune response to fVIII

Stromal gene signatures in large-B-cell lymphomas.

BACKGROUND: The addition of rituximab to combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP), or R-CHOP, has significantly improved the survival of patients with diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma. Whether gene-expression signatures correlate with survival after treatment of diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma is unclear. METHODS: We profiled gene expression in pretreatment biopsy specimens from 181 patients with diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma who received CHOP and 233 patients with this disease who received R-CHOP. A multivariate gene-expression-based survival-predictor model derived from a training group was tested in a validation group. RESULTS: A multivariate model created from three gene-expression signatures--termed germinal-center B-cell, stromal-1, and stromal-2 --predicted survival both in patients who received CHOP and patients who received R-CHOP. The prognostically favorable stromal-1 signature reflected extracellular-matrix deposition and histiocytic infiltration. By contrast, the prognostically unfavorable stromal-2 signature reflected tumor blood-vessel density. CONCLUSIONS: Survival after treatment of diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma is influenced by differences in immune cells, fibrosis, and angiogenesis in the tumor microenvironment

Feline low-grade alimentary lymphoma: an emerging entity and a potential animal model for human disease

Background: Low-grade alimentary lymphoma (LGAL) is characterised by the infiltration of neoplastic T-lymphocytes, typically in the small intestine. The incidence of LGAL has increased over the last ten years and it is now the most frequent digestive neoplasia in cats and comprises 60 to 75% of gastrointestinal lymphoma cases. Given that LGAL shares common clinical, paraclinical and ultrasonographic features with inflammatory bowel diseases, establishing a diagnosis is challenging. A review was designed to summarise current knowledge of the pathogenesis, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of feline LGAL. Electronic searches of PubMed and Science Direct were carried out without date or language restrictions. Results: A total of 176 peer-reviewed documents were identified and most of which were published in the last twenty years. 130 studies were found from the veterinary literature and 46 from the human medicine literature. Heterogeneity of study designs and outcome measures made meta-analysis inappropriate. The pathophysiology of feline LGAL still needs to be elucidated, not least the putative roles of infectious agents, environmental factors as well as genetic events. The most common therapeutic strategy is combination treatment with prednisolone and chlorambucil, and prolonged remission can often be achieved. Developments in immunohistochemical analysis and clonality testing have improved the confidence of clinicians in obtaining a correct diagnosis between LGAL and IBD. The condition shares similarities with some diseases in humans, especially human indolent T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. Conclusions: The pathophysiology of feline LGAL still needs to be elucidated and prospective studies as well as standardisation of therapeutic strategies are needed. A combination of conventional histopathology and immunohistochemistry remains the current gold-standard test, but clinicians should be cautious about reclassifying cats previously diagnosed with IBD to lymphoma on the basis of clonality testing. Importantly, feline LGAL could be considered to be a potential animal model for indolent digestive T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder, a rare condition in human medicine

Battery Applications of Silver Molybdate Structures

Rapid advancements in energy storage have caused lithium-based batteries to become a dominant product, however, there is a demand for non-flammable alternatives. Zinc-based batteries are cost-efficient and nonflammable. This research focuses on replacing lithium in the implantable cardiac defibrillator battery with a zinc anode source. The high conductivity of silver and large oxidation numbers of molybdenum make silver molybdate materials strong candidates for zinc ion hosts. Silver molybdate cathode and zinc anode batteries were examined through discharge, cyclic voltammetry, recharge, and scanning electron microscopy. To determine the best silver molybdate structure for battery application, several compounds were used with varying silver molybdenum ratios and symmetry. Results indicated that better battery behavior was found in samples that contained higher amounts of silver and nanowire morphology

Analyzing and Quantifying Microfiber Pollution in the Lake Michigan Watershed

Research in the field of microfiber collection and analysis has become quite important in understanding the types and quantity of pollution that inhabit watershed around the world. Microfibers, which are a type of microplastic, are found in items such as our clothing, blankets, rugs, etc. Types of microfibers include, but are not limited to: polyester, rayon, acrylic, and nylon. As the use of these types of items becomes greater the amount of microfibers shed from these items into the environment also increases. In order to understand the microfiber pollution on a local level, research is being carried out on water samples in order to identify and analyze the microfibers found in the Valparaiso, Indiana waterway, known as Salt Creek. This creek eventually flows into Lake Michigan and carries water runoff from water treatment plants in Valparaiso and South Haven, Indiana. We have been collecting 500 mL water samples and collect total suspended solids (TSS) through filtration. The samples undergo the Fenton reaction to eliminate natural fibers from the filter quantify synthetic microfibers present in the creek. Standard samples are created in order to test the efficiency of the lab procedures. These standards include rayon, nylon, polyester, acrylic, and combined samples of clothing placed in beakers to shed microfibers. standards include rayon, nylon, polyester, acrylic, and combined samples of clothing placed in beakers to shed microfibers. The standard samples are processed alongside the water samples in order to quantify and analyze microfiber pollution in the local watershed. A significant number of the 500 mL water samples contain one or more microfibers, and polyester fibers appear to be the most common. Keywords: Microfiber, microplastic, Fenton reaction, TSS filtration, pollution

Analyzing and Quantifying Microfiber Pollution in the Lake Michigan Watershed

Research in the field of microfiber collection and analysis has become quite important in understanding the types and quantity of pollution that inhabit watershed around the world. Microfibers, which are a type of microplastic, are found in items such as our clothing, blankets, rugs, etc. Types of microfibers include, but are not limited to: polyester, rayon, acrylic, and nylon. As the use of these types of items becomes greater the amount of microfibers shed from these items into the environment also increases. In order to understand the microfiber pollution on a local level, research is being carried out on water samples in order to identify and analyze the microfibers found in the Valparaiso, Indiana waterway, known as Salt Creek. This creek eventually flows into Lake Michigan and carries water runoff from water treatment plants in Valparaiso and South Haven, Indiana. We have been collecting 500 mL water samples and collect total suspended solids (TSS) through filtration. The samples undergo the Fenton reaction to eliminate natural fibers from the filter quantify synthetic microfibers present in the creek. Standard samples are created in order to test the efficiency of the lab procedures. These standards include rayon, nylon, polyester, acrylic, and combined samples of clothing placed in beakers to shed microfibers. standards include rayon, nylon, polyester, acrylic, and combined samples of clothing placed in beakers to shed microfibers. The standard samples are processed alongside the water samples in order to quantify and analyze microfiber pollution in the local watershed. A significant number of the 500 mL water samples contain one or more microfibers, and polyester fibers appear to be the most common. Keywords: Microfiber, microplastic, Fenton reaction, TSS filtration, pollution

Battery Application of Silver Molybdate Structures

Rapid and substantial advancements in technology have dramatically increased the demand for faster rechargeable energy sources, like lithium, sodium, or zinc-based batteries. The inexpensive and nonflammable characteristics of zinc have made it popular in the field of electrochemical research, but the effectiveness of its battery is especially dependent on the material it is paired to react with during operation. The high conductivity of silver and large oxidation number of molybdenum make varying structural conformations of silver molybdates (Ag2MoxOy) strong candidates for battery application. Their inspiration is derived from the implantable cardiac defibrillator (ICD), which uses a silver vanadate compound to last for several years at a time. In theory, the greater oxidation number of molybdenum can improve on the current ICD design. To determine the best possible silver molybdate battery, several compounds were analyzed, each with varying structures and silver to molybdenum ratios

Battery Application of Silver Molybdate

Rapid and substantial advancements in technology have dramatically increased the demand for faster rechargeable energy sources, like lithium, sodium, or zinc-based batteries. The inexpensive and nonflammable characteristics of zinc have made it popular in the field of electrochemical research, but the effectiveness of its battery is especially dependant on the material it is paired to react with during operation. The high conductivity of silver and large oxidation number of molybdenum make varying structural conformations of silver molybdates (Ag2MoxOy) strong candidates for battery application.Their inspiration is derived from the implantable cardiac defibrillator (ICD), which uses a silver vanadate compound to last for several years at a time.8 In theory, the greater oxidation number of molybdenum can improve on the current ICD design. To determine the best possible silver molybdate battery, several compounds were analyzed, each with varying structures and silver to molybdenum ratios