MultiTrack: A Delay and Cost Aware P2P Overlay Architecture

The rapid growth of peer-to-peer (P2P) networks in the past few years has brought with it increases in transit cost to Internet Service Providers (ISPs), as peers exchange large amounts of traffic across ISP boundaries. This ISP oblivious behavior has resulted in misalignment of incentives between P2P networks|that seek to maximize user quality|and ISPs|that would seek to minimize costs. Can we design a P2P overlay that accounts for both ISP costs as well as quality of service, and attains a desired tradeoff between the two? We design a system, which we call MultiTrack, that consists of an overlay of multiple kinds of Trackers whose purpose it is to align these goals. We have mTrackers that form an overlay network among themselves, and split demand from users among different ISP domains while trying to minimize their individual costs (delay plus transit cost) in their ISP domain. We design the signals in this overlay of mTrackers in such a way that potentially competitive individual optimization goals are aligned across the mTrackers. The system could also have a tTracker that acts as a gateway into the system, and ensures that users who are from different ISP domains have a fair chance of being admitted into the system, while keeping costs in check. We prove analytically that our system is stable and achieves maximum utility with minimum cost. We validated our system design using Matlab simulations, and implemented the system on ns-2 in order to conduct more realistic experiments. We showed that our system significantly outperforms two types of systems, one in which user delay is the only control dimension (forwarding traffic without considering the transit prices) and a second system in which transit prices are the only control dimension (localized traffic only). Thus, we conclude that our system, that operates in two dimensions: (1) user delay and (2) transit prices, results in minimum cost and maximum utility for fixed capacity of the system

Mindfulness as a Mediator in the Relationship Between Social Media Engagement and Depression

A 491/492 Team Project supervised by Dr. Miriam Liss (Spring 2021)

Case Report Sudden Death by Pulmonary Thromboembolism due to a Large Uterine Leiomyoma with a Parasitic Vein to the Mesentery

The pathophysiology of venous thrombosis is classically attributed to alterations in one or more components of Virchow's triad: hypercoagulability, stasis, and damage to the vascular endothelium. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) may lead to pulmonary thromboembolism (PE), and the latter is culpable for many deaths annually in the United States; however, DVT as a complication of uterine leiomyoma has rarely been reported. We report a case of a 57-year-old woman whose death was due to a large pedunculated subserosal leiomyoma externally compressing the pelvic veins resulting in stasis and venous thrombosis leading to fatal PE. The association of large pelvic masses with venous thrombosis has clinical implications, since prophylactic surgery could be life-saving

Characterization of phytoplankton by pigment analysis and the detection of toxic cyanobacteria in reservoirs with aquaculture production

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T17:19:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-01-01The intensified use of water bodies and reservoirs for aquaculture production has increased the need for monitoring and early warning of toxins from cyanobacteria. To minimize effects from toxins, simple and fast analytical monitoring methods are crucial. Here, the content of pigments and microcystins in 14 different strains of cyanobacteria cultured under different growth conditions was investigated to determine the influence of light and nutrient starvation on pigment/ chlorophyll a (chl a) ratios. The obtained pigment/chl a ratios were applied in the software CHEMTAX to calculate the biomass of toxic cyanobacteria, as well as other phytoplankton groups. CHEMTAX ratios from the laboratory cultures were applied to water samples collected during 4 sampling periods at 6 fish farms in different reservoirs in São Paulo State, Brazil. Cyanobacteria generally dominated in all reservoirs in all sampling periods and constituted on average 44 to 66% of the average phytoplankton biomass. The concentrations of microcystins were significantly correlated with the chl a concentrations of cyanobacteria and showed that the pigment method can be used to detect microcystin-producing cyanobacteria in these Brazilian reservoirs. When the concentration of cyanobacteria in the reservoirs was above 4 μg chl a l-1, microcystins were always detected. Our results show that pigment analysis can be used to provide fast and reliable results for the early warning, the presence and potential risk of toxic cyanobacteria in freshwater reservoirs used for aqua culture.Environment and Toxicology DHISão Paulo State Agribusiness Agency TechnologySection of Microbial Ecology and Biotechnology Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences University of CopenhagenFicology Department Botanical InstituteUNESP Campus Botucatu Institute of Biosciences Parasitology DepartmentUNESP Campus Botucatu Institute of Biosciences Parasitology Departmen

Designing a Low-Cost Mobile Tracking System for Communication with a Medium Earth Orbit Satellite

An essential part of satellite communication is the orientation of the antenna, which can be difficult to ascertain on mobile platforms such as ships. While equipment to measure orientation accurately at sea exists, current solutions are expensive. This paper describes work toward an antenna orientation system using low-cost Global Position System (GPS) receivers. We investigated two methods: one using the spatial difference between multiple GPS units at the vertices of a polygon, and the other using the differences over time measured using a single GPS unit We tested the antenna orientation system with the Omnispace F2 satellite at the US Electrodynamics, Inc. (USEI) teleport in Brewster, WA. Although non-correlated systematic errors in the GPS receivers made the multiple-GPS system impractical, the time-differential method was able to maintain a satellite lock for the majority of a simple test course. The reliability of this solution may be further improved using a gain-based correction algorithm

Principles of metadata organization at the ENCODE data coordination center.

The Encyclopedia of DNA Elements (ENCODE) Data Coordinating Center (DCC) is responsible for organizing, describing and providing access to the diverse data generated by the ENCODE project. The description of these data, known as metadata, includes the biological sample used as input, the protocols and assays performed on these samples, the data files generated from the results and the computational methods used to analyze the data. Here, we outline the principles and philosophy used to define the ENCODE metadata in order to create a metadata standard that can be applied to diverse assays and multiple genomic projects. In addition, we present how the data are validated and used by the ENCODE DCC in creating the ENCODE Portal (https://www.encodeproject.org/). Database URL: www.encodeproject.org