169 research outputs found
Analysis of carrier injection under high temperature AC operation in top gate IGZO TFTs
Abstract– With the development of high-quality displays, metal oxides gradually become a popular active layer in TFTs [1]. In this work, InGaZnO thin film transistors with double-layer oxide are investigated. The oxide layer is divided into top and bottom layers. We improve the characteristics and reliability of the device through the design of double-layer oxide stack structure. The bottom oxide layer is deposited with a lower SiH4 flow rate, and the top oxide layer is deposited with a higher SiH4 flow rate. By increasing the SiH4 flow rate of the top oxide layer, two effects can be achieved. Firstly, it is beneficial for speeding up the film deposition process. Furthermore, the hydrogen residue passivates the dangling bonds in the oxide layer and increases the bonding amount of silanol groups, SiO-H, and achieve hydrogen channel doping [2]. By modulating the SiH4 flow rate of the top oxide layer, the basic characteristics of the devices and the reliability under alternating current (AC) operation are improved. In this work, we use three waveform types of switch process to analyze the degradation under AC stress, and the physic mechanism is proposed subsequently [3-4]. After AC stress, the top oxide layer with higher SiH4 flow rate has a smaller threshold voltage right shift, and the reliability is significantly improved.
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Synthesis of Boron-Containing Primary Amines
[[abstract]]In this study, boron-containing primary amines were synthesized for use as building blocks in the study of peptoids. In the first step, Gabriel synthesis conditions were modified to enable the construction of seven different aminomethylphenyl boronate esters in good to excellent yields. These compounds were further utilized to build peptoid analogs via an Ugi four-component reaction (Ugi-4CR) under microwave irradiation. The prepared Ugi-4CR boronate esters were then successfully converted to the corresponding boronic acids. Finally, the peptoid structures were successfully modified by cross-coupling to aryl/heteroaryl chlorides via a palladium-mediated Suzuki coupling reaction to yield the corresponding derivatives in moderate to good yields.[[notice]]補正完畢[[incitationindex]]SCI[[booktype]]紙
D-STAR: Dual Simultaneously Transmitting and Reflecting Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces for Joint Uplink/Downlink Transmission
The joint uplink/downlink (JUD) design of simultaneously transmitting and
reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (STAR-RIS) is conceived in
support of both uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) users. Furthermore, the dual
STAR-RISs (D-STAR) concept is conceived as a promising architecture for
360-degree full-plane service coverage, including UL/DL users located between
the base station (BS) and the D-STAR as well as beyond. The corresponding
regions are termed as primary (P) and secondary (S) regions. Both BS/users
exist in the P-region, but only users are located in the S-region. The primary
STAR-RIS (STAR-P) plays an important role in terms of tackling the P-region
inter-user interference, the self-interference (SI) from the BS and from the
reflective as well as refractive UL users imposed on the DL receiver. By
contrast, the secondary STAR-RIS (STAR-S) aims for mitigating the S-region
interferences. The non-linear and non-convex rate-maximization problem
formulated is solved by alternating optimization amongst the decomposed convex
sub-problems of the BS beamformer, and the D-STAR amplitude as well as phase
shift configurations. We also propose a D-STAR based active beamforming and
passive STAR-RIS amplitude/phase (DBAP) optimization scheme to solve the
respective sub-problems by Lagrange dual with Dinkelbach's transformation,
alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) with successive convex
approximation (SCA), and penalty convex-concave procedure (PCCP). Our
simulation results reveal that the proposed D-STAR architecture outperforms the
conventional single RIS, single STAR-RIS, and half-duplex networks. The
proposed DBAP of D-STAR outperforms the state-of-the-art solutions found in the
open literature for different numbers of quantization levels, geographic
deployment, transmit power and for diverse numbers of transmit antennas, patch
partitions as well as D-STAR elements.Comment: Accepted by IEEE TCO
Long-term administration of olanzapine induces adiposity and increases hepatic fatty acid desaturation protein in female C57BL/6J mice
Objective(s): Weight gain and metabolic disturbances such as dyslipidemia, are frequent side effects of second-generation antipsychotics, including olanzapine. This study examined the metabolic effects of chronic olanzapine exposure. In addition, we investigated the hepatic fatty acid effects of olanzapine in female C57BL/6J mice fed a normal diet.Materials and Methods: Female C57BL/6J mice orally received olanzapine or normal saline for 7 weeks. The effects of long-term olanzapine exposure on body weight changes, food efficiency, blood glucose, triglyceride (TG), insulin, and leptin levels were observed. Hepatic TG and abdominal fat mass were investigated, and fat cell morphology was analyzed through histopathological methods. The levels of protein markers of fatty acid regulation in the liver, namely fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), were measured.Results: Olanzapine treatment increased the food intake of the mice as well as their body weight. Biochemical analyses showed that olanzapine increased blood TG, insulin, leptin, and hepatic TG. The olanzapine group exhibited increased abdominal fat mass and fat cell enlargement in abdominal fat tissue. Western blotting of the mouse liver revealed significantly higher (1.6-fold) levels of SCD-1 in the olanzapine group relative to the control group; by contrast, FAS levels in the two groups did not differ significantly.Conclusion: Enhanced lipogenesis triggered by increased hepatic SCD-1 activity might be a probable peripheral mechanism of olanzapine-induced dyslipidemia. Some adverse metabolic effects of olanzapine may be related to the disturbance of lipid homeostasis in the liver
Automated Pancreas Segmentation Using Multi-institutional Collaborative Deep Learning
The performance of deep learning-based methods strongly relies on the number
of datasets used for training. Many efforts have been made to increase the data
in the medical image analysis field. However, unlike photography images, it is
hard to generate centralized databases to collect medical images because of
numerous technical, legal, and privacy issues. In this work, we study the use
of federated learning between two institutions in a real-world setting to
collaboratively train a model without sharing the raw data across national
boundaries. We quantitatively compare the segmentation models obtained with
federated learning and local training alone. Our experimental results show that
federated learning models have higher generalizability than standalone
training.Comment: Accepted by MICCAI DCL Workshop 202
Ultrasmall all-optical plasmonic switch and its application to superresolution imaging
Because of their exceptional local-field enhancement and ultrasmall mode volume, plasmonic components can integrate photonics and electronics at nanoscale, and active control of plasmons is the key. However, all-optical modulation of plasmonic response with nanometer mode volume and unity modulation depth is still lacking. Here we show that scattering from a plasmonic nanoparticle, whose volume is smaller than 0.001 μm3, can be optically switched off with less than 100 μW power. Over 80% modulation depth is observed, and shows no degradation after repetitive switching. The spectral bandwidth approaches 100 nm. The underlying mechanism is suggested to be photothermal effects, and the effective single-particle nonlinearity reaches nearly 10−9 m2/W, which is to our knowledge the largest record of metallic materials to date. As a novel application, the non-bleaching and unlimitedly switchable scattering is used to enhance optical resolution to λ/5 (λ/9 after deconvolution), with 100-fold less intensity requirement compared to similar superresolution techniques. Our work not only opens up a new field of ultrasmall all-optical control based on scattering from a single nanoparticle, but also facilitates superresolution imaging for long-term observation
Potassium {4-[(3S,6S,9S)-3,6-dibenzyl-9-isopropyl-4,7,10-trioxo-11–oxa-2,5,8-triazadodecyl]phenyl}trifluoroborate
[[abstract]]The reported compound 4 was synthesized and fully characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 11B NMR, 19F NMR, and high resolution mass spectrometry.[[booktype]]電子版[[countrycodes]]CH
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