TIMELESS Forms a Complex with PARP1 Distinct from Its Complex with TIPIN and Plays a Role in the DNA Damage Response

SummaryPARP1 is the main sensor of single- and double-strand breaks in DNA and, in building chains of poly(ADP-ribose), promotes the recruitment of many downstream signaling and effector proteins involved in the DNA damage response (DDR). We show a robust physical interaction between PARP1 and the replication fork protein TIMELESS, distinct from the known TIMELESS-TIPIN complex, which activates the intra-S phase checkpoint. TIMELESS recruitment to laser-induced sites of DNA damage is dependent on its binding to PARP1, but not PARP1 activity. We also find that the PARP1-TIMELESS complex contains a number of established PARP1 substrates, and TIMELESS mutants unable to bind PARP1 are impaired in their ability to bind PARP1 substrates. Further, PARP1 binding to certain substrates and their recruitment to DNA damage lesions is impaired by TIMELESS knockdown, and TIMELESS silencing significantly impairs DNA double-strand break repair. We hypothesize that TIMELESS cooperates in the PARP1-mediated DDR

Hearing loss after platinum treatment is irreversible in noncranial irradiated childhood cancer survivors

Contains fulltext : 175119.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)Cisplatin and carboplatin are effective antineoplastic agents. They are also considered to be potentially highly ototoxic. To date, no long-term follow-up data from well-documented cohorts with substantial numbers of childhood cancer survivors (CCS) with platinum-related hearing loss are available. Therefore, in this study, we studied the reversibility of ototoxicity from discontinuation of treatment onwards in a national cohort of platinum-treated survivors with hearing loss at the end of cancer treatment. Of the 168 CCS with follow-up audiograms, we longitudinally evaluated the course of hearing function in 61 CCS who showed hearing impairment at discontinuation of treatment according to the Munster criteria (>20 dB at >/=4-8 kHz). Survivors were treated with platinum (median total cumulative dose cisplatin: 480 mg/m2 and median total cumulative dose carboplatin: 2520 mg/m2). Median follow-up time was 5.5 years (range: 1.0-28.8 years). The results showed that none of these survivors revealed improvement of hearing function even till 28.8 years after discontinuation of treatment (grade <2b during long-term follow-up). An increase in hearing loss with two or three Munster degrees was observed in five of 61 survivors after 1.6-19.6 years. Overall, this indicates that ototoxicity after platinum treatment may be irreversible and that longitudinal clinical audiological monitoring and care is required in long-term survivors of childhood cancer on a large scale

Determinants of ototoxicity in 451 platinum-treated Dutch survivors of childhood cancer: A DCOG late-effects study

Transplantation and immunomodulatio