Parallel Multi-Step/Multi-Rate Integration of Two-Time Scale Dynamic Systems

Increasing demands on the fidelity of simulations for real-time and high-fidelity simulations are stressing the capacity of modern processors. New integration techniques are required that provide maximum efficiency for systems that are parallelizable. However many current techniques make assumptions that are at odds with non-cascadable systems. A new serial multi-step/multi-rate integration algorithm for dual-timescale continuous state systems is presented which applies to these systems, and is extended to a parallel multi-step/multi-rate algorithm. The superior performance of both algorithms is demonstrated through a representative example

Modellversuch Waerme-/Stromerzeugung aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen. Machbarkeitsstudie Nutzung nachwachsender Energietraeger zur Waermeerzeugung fuer ein Nahwaermenetz in einer Neubausiedlung in Schoenberg/Holst. Abschlussbericht

In the community of Schoenberg in Holstein a new residential estate with some 240 dwellings in one- and two-family houses and blocks with several dwelling units is planned, with heat to be supplied by a central heat-generating plant. For the erection of a wood-fuel power plant for heat supply to this residential estate the utility Schleswag AG, Rendsburg, carried through a feasibility study within the framework of the promotion scheme of the federal German ministry of agriculture 'Pilot test heat and power generation from renewable resources'. The report contains the essential results. (orig.)In der Gemeinde Schoenberg/Holstein ist ein Neubaugebiet mit ca. 240 Wohneinheiten in Ein-, Zwei- und Mehrfamilienhaeusern geplant, welche zentral mit Waerme versorgt werden sollen. Die Schleswag AG, Rendsburg, hat fuer die Errichtung eines Holzheizwerkes fuer die Waermeversorgung dieses Neubaugebietes im Rahmen des Foerderkonzeptes 'Modellversuch Waerme-/Stromerzeugung aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen' des Bundeslandwirtschaftministeriums eine Machbarkeitsstudie durchgefuehrt, deren Kernaussagen aufgefuehrt werden. (orig.)Available from TIB Hannover: F94B0854+a / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEBundesministerium fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT), Bonn (Germany); Bundesministerium fuer Ernaehrung, Landwirtschaft und Forsten, Bonn (Germany)DEGerman

Role of Sortilin in Models of Autoimmune Neuroinflammation

The proneurotrophin receptor sortilin is a protein with dual functions, being involved in intracellular protein transport, as well as cellular signal transduction. The relevance of the receptor for various neuronal disorders, such as dementia, seizures, and brain injury, is well established. In contrast, little is known about the role of sortilin in immune cells and inflammatory diseases. The aim of our study was to elucidate the distribution of sortilin in different immune cell types in mice and humans and to analyze its function in autoimmune CNS inflammation. Sortilin was expressed most profoundly in murine and human macrophages and dendritic cells and to a much lesser extent in B and T cells. In dendritic cells, sortilin had an impact on Ag processing. Accordingly, sortilin was highly expressed by infiltrated perivascular myeloid cells, mainly in vessel cuffs, in the CNS of patients suffering from multiple sclerosis, the most common inflammatory autoimmune disease of the CNS. Yet, sortilin gene-targeted mice (Sort1(-/-)) and chimeras deficient in sortilin in the immune system were as susceptible as wild-type littermates to T cell-dependent experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Considering our results and recent data from other investigators, we conclude that the proneurotrophin receptor sortilin plays a role in innate, rather than in adaptive, immune processes and, thus, not in autoimmune neuroinflammation

Abnormalities in the fine structure of the spermatids of rats injected with cadmium

The degenerative changes in the spermatids as measured by changes in fine structure abnormalities increased with time following injection of Cd 2+ into rat testis. The spermatids in the twelve hours group appear as peculiarly club shaped and elongated structures with one or two small but perceptible vacuoles. The subacrosomal area and the space between the nucleus and the middle piece are seen abnormally dilated. In the 30 day group, the central filaments are the most susceptible unit of 9+2 axoneme complex. The plasma membrane, the cytoplasmic matrix, the mitochondria of the middle piece and the fibrous sheath appear shrunken, discontinuous and degenerative. © 1980 Indian Academy of Sciences