Consensus document of the Spanish Society of Intensive and Critical Care Medicine and Coronary Units (SEMICYUC), the Spanish Society of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery (SEORL-CCC) and the Spanish Society of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (SEDAR) on tracheotomy in patients with COVID-19 infection.

La alta incidencia de insuficiencia respiratoria aguda en el contexto de la pandemia por COVID-19ha conllevado el uso de ventilación mecánica hasta en un 15%. Dado que la traqueotomía es un procedimiento quirúrgico frecuente, este documento de consenso, elaborado por tres Sociedades Científicas, la SEMICYUC, la SEDAR y la SEORL-CCC, tiene como objetivo ofrecer una revisión de las indicaciones y contraindicaciones de traqueotomía, ya sea por punción o abierta, esclarecer las posibles ventajas y exponer las condiciones ideales en que deben realizarse y los pasos que considerar en su ejecución. Se abordan situaciones regladas y urgentes, así como los cuidados postoperatorios.post-print393 K

Accurate model for predicting adsorption of olefins and paraffins on MOFs with open metal sites

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown tremendous potential for challenging gas separation applications, an example of which is the separation of olefins from paraffins. Some of the most promising MOFs show enhanced selectivity for the olefins due to the presence of coordinatively unsaturated metal sites, but accurate predictive models for such systems are still lacking. In this paper, we present results of a combined experimental and theoretical study on adsorption of propane, propylene, ethane, and ethylene in CuBTC, a MOF with open metal sites. We first propose a simple procedure to correct for impurities present in real materials, which in most cases makes experimental data from different sources consistent with each other and with molecular simulation results. By applying a novel molecular modeling approach based on a combination of quantum mechanical density functional theory and classical grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations, we are able to achieve excellent predictions of olefin adsorption, in much better agreement with experiment than traditional, mostly empirical, molecular models. Such an improvement in predictive ability relies on a correct representation of the attractive energy of the unsaturated metal for the carbon–carbon double bond present in alkenes. This approach has the potential to be generally applicable to other gas separations that involve specific coordination-type bonds between adsorbates and adsorbents

Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R. Br. extract and leaves (Sangrovit® Extra) for suckling and weaned piglets and other growing Suidae (Phytobiotics Futterzusatzstoffe GmbH)

Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R. Br. extract and leaves (Sangrovit® Extra) as a zootechnical feed additive for suckling and weaned piglets and other growing Suidae. The additive is standardised to contain a concentration of the sum of the four alkaloids sanguinarine, chelerythrine, protopine and allocryptopine of 1.25%, with 0.5% sanguinarine. Owing to the presence of the DNA intercalators sanguinarine and chelerythrine, a concern for genotoxicity was identified. The EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) had no safety concerns for the target species when the additive is used at the recommended level of 0.750 mg sanguinarine/kg complete feed for suckling and weaned piglets and other growing Suidae. Since in all consumer categories the exposure to sanguinarine and chelerythrine via the use of Sangrovit® Extra exceeds the threshold of toxicological concern of 0.0025 μg/kg bw per day for DNA reactive mutagens and/or carcinogens, the FEEDAP Panel could not conclude on the safety for the consumers. The additive was shown to be irritant to the eyes but not irritant to skin or a skin sensitiser. The FEEDAP Panel could not exclude the potential of the additive to be a respiratory sensitiser. When handling the additive, exposure of unprotected users to sanguinarine and chelerythrine may occur. Therefore, to reduce the risk, the exposure of users should be reduced. The use of Sangrovit® Extra as a feed additive under the proposed conditions of use was considered safe for the environment. The additive Sangrovit® Extra had the potential to be efficacious in improving performance of weaned piglets at 0.600 mg sanguinarine/kg complete feed. This conclusion was extended to suckling piglets and extrapolated to other growing Suidae