State support of bioenergy in Ukraine: legal problems

The article is devoted to the study of state support in the field of bioenergy production in Ukraine. It is mentioned, that it is still not clear the legal nature of agricultural bioenergy relations. However, it is quite clear that relations on state support of bioenergy production (in terms of production of biofuels from agricultural raw materials) belong to the subject of agroprotective law and are regulated by it. This is due to the fact that: first, the objects of bioenergy relations are biomass and biofuels, which are agricultural products; secondly, the subjects of bioenergy relations are mainly agricultural producers or processors; thirdly, the content of bioenergy relations is in the production and processing of agricultural products. That is, bioenergy relations at the stages of production (formation) of biomass and its processing into biofuels constitute a type of agricultural activity, the state support of which is regulated by agroprotective law. It is revealed that in terms of state support should be taken such measures as: support of processing of actually produced agricultural products by its producer; support of creation of agricultural processing cooperatives; support of bioenergy production, which is based on the process of processing biomass into biofuels. Improvement of agroprotective legislation in this area should occur by: a) foreseeing universal legal mechanisms to support processing activities in the Law of Ukraine "On state support of agriculture of Ukraine"; b) addition to the Law of Ukraine "On agricultural cooperation" of agroprotective provisions on agricultural processing cooperatives; c) adoption of the Law of Ukraine "On production and sale of biofuels"

Nature of S\bm{S}-wave NN\bm{NN} interaction and dibaryon production at nucleonic resonance thresholds

Phase shifts and inelasticity parameters for $NN$ scattering in the partial-wave channels ${}^3S_1$--${}^3D_1$ and ${}^1S_0$ at energies $T_{\rm lab}$ from zero to about 1 GeV are described within a unified $NN$ potential model assuming the formation of isoscalar and isovector dibaryon resonances near the $NN^*(1440)$ threshold. Evidence for these near-threshold resonances is actually found in the recent WASA experiments on single- and double-pion production in $NN$ collisions. There, the excitation of the Roper resonance $N^*(1440)$ exhibits a structure in the energy dependence of the total cross section, which corresponds to the formation of dibaryon states with $I(J^\pi)=0(1^+)$ and $1(0^+)$ at the $NN^*(1440)$ threshold. These two $S$-wave dibaryon resonances may provide a new insight into the nature of the strong $NN$ interaction at low and intermediate energies.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figure

Evaluation of biochemical indicators in blood plasma of rats with tetracycline-induced hepatosis and their correction by milk phospholipids

Tetracycline is a drug with direct cytotoxic action on the liver, and therefore it is widely used in pharmaceutical studies of therapeutic effectiveness of hepatoprotective preparations. The aim of the present work was to determine the biochemical indicators in blood plasma of rats with tetracycline-induced hepatosis and correction properties of milk phospholipids under tetracycline-induced hepatosis in rats. To achieve this, Wistar rats were administered 250 mg/kg of 4% tetracycline hydrochloride suspension once a day intragastrically. As the corrective therapy, 1% solution of BAS “FLP-MD” was administered in liposomal form based on milk phospholipids. Under modeled steatohepatitis, significant destructive changes were observed in the cell membranes of hepatocytes in experimental rats. It was confirmed by higher activity of transaminase (in particular, activity of АSТ increased 4 times, that of ALT 1.7 times and the AST/ALT ratio was increased 2.4 times in blood plasma). The synthesis of clotting factors in livers of animals with hepatosis was inhibited. The content of fibrinogen in blood plasma decreased by 21%, factor II (prothrombin) by 27.8%, Xa-factor by 27.9%, and protein C by 40.6%. The animals also had hypochromic anemia, azotemia and bilirubinemia. The calcium-phosphor metabolism and hyperkalemia were observed. The liposomal BAS “FLP-MD” based on milk phospholipids diminished harmful effects of tetracycline, in particular supporting blood coagulation factors’ level restoration, and also by the activity of transaminases. According to the results, it may be used in prophylactics and pharmaceutical correction of steatohepatitis

The efficiency of regional higher education systems and competition in Russia

This paper explores the correlation between the degree of competition between higher education institutions (HEIs) and the efficiency of regional higher education systems using evidence from the Russian Federation. The choice of the regional system of higher education as a unit of analysis is explained by the features of the Russian system of higher education, especially by "closeness" in the borders of regions. We propose a special approach for the evaluation of the regional higher education system efficiency from the public administration perspective. Using data envelopment analysis (DEA), we investigate the efficiency of higher education systems in the regions and compare the results with the extent of higher education competition within them. The results indicate that higher efficiency scores and higher competition between HEIs in Russian regions are positively correlated. Moreover, by introducing socio-economic context status as a grouping parameter, we are able to specify the conditions of this relationship. The study explores that correlation between efficiency and competition is stronger in developing and low-performing regions. At the same time, higher education systems in developed regions consist of different HEIs, which create a competitive environment, although their efficiency level varies considerably. Taking into account all limitations of the study, these results contain several important issues for policy-making and higher education research discussions. They challenge the universalistic assumptions for the direction of higher education development.Support from the Basic Research Program of the National Research University Higher School of Economics is gratefully acknowledged

Building mathematical model for gas-thermal process of coating evaporation

For mechanical engineering and other branches of industry the most progressive and economic technological processes permitting to increase wear resistance, corrosion resistance and other properties of the working surface of the produced machines are technological processes of gas-thermal coating evaporation. In the paper there is considered the scheme of gas-thermal coating evaporation and selected the optimum technological modes of gasthermal evaporation. There is developed a mathematical model defining relations between the evaporation distance, the angle of the melted particles dispersion, the speed of the part rotation, the speed of the burner movement and the evaporated coating thickness

Synthesis and kinetics of the cyclization of 3-(dialkylaminophenyl)-2- (phenylcarbonyl)-prop-2-enenitriles

The reaction of ortho-(N,N-dialkylamino)benzaldehydes with benzoylacetonitrile gave fused 1,2,3,4-tetra-hydroquinolino-5-carbonitriles due to cyclization of the intermediate 2-(phenylcarbonyl)-3-[2-[(dialkyl-amino) phenyl]prop-2-enenitriles through a tert-amino effect mechanism. Kinetic studies were carried out on the cyclization of 2-(phenylcarbonyl)-3-[2-(piperidin-1-yl) phenyl]prop-2-enenitrile. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York

О СТРУКТУРЕ ЦЕНТРАЛИЗАТОРА ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ В ГРУППАХ АРТИНА С ДРЕВЕСНОЙ СТРУКТУРОЙ

We described structure of an centralizer of elements in Artin groups with arboreal structure. Описывается структура централизатора элементов в группах Артина с древесной структурой

Tert-Amino effect: The Meth-Cohn and Reinhoudt reactions (Review)

The data published over the last 15-20 years on reactions taking place by the tert-amino effect mechanism have been reviewed. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York