576 research outputs found
State And Modernisation Of Public Administration In Germany
Setiap negara pada saat ini dihadapkan pada tantangan yang sama yaitu perlunya melakukan modernisasi sistim administmsi.Dalam perkembangan, kesamaan tantanganyang dihadapi tersebut menimbulkan trend dalam melakukan modernisasi sistem administrasi ,yaitu dengan meniru model perubahan yang dilakukan oleh negara yang dianggap berhasil. Namun demikian yang patut menjadi pemikiran adalah proses dalam melakukan perubahan tidaklah mungkin soma di setiap negara, karena hal tersebut sangat tergantung dengan karakteristik masing-maringnegara.
Sebagai negara sosialis, di jerman modernisasi administrasi diletakkan sebagai proses budaya administrasi yang dibentuk dengan tradisi. Model tersebut menitikberatkan pada perubahan dalam pola hubungan antara masyarakat dengan negara, dimana tidak semua hal diurusi negara, namun pada hal tertentu terdapat kebebasan bagi rakyat uniuk mengurusnya sendirilCarakteristik dari model tersebut adalah dengan dilakukannya rasionaliasasi ke dalam elan privatisasi dan pengaturan keluar. Rasionalisasi ke dalam, yaitu menciptakan model organisasi publik yang lebih independen dan tidak terikat dengan hirarki, yang selama ini menjadi kendala. 1.) Mengkaji Struktur yang lebih _fleksibel dalam menyesuaikan dengan perkembangan dan menempatkan personel7personel yang memiliki kapabilitas. 2.) Thivatisasi dan pengaturan ke luar dilakukan dengan mengurangiperan negara dalam berbagai halyang bisa dikelola mayarakat.Dengan model tersebut pemerintab lebih terlihat sebagai mangjer.
Namun berbeda dengan Anglo-American dengan "new public management" and "reinventing government"-nya,yang menekankan pada hubungan antarpelakumodel modernisasi di jerman lebih mengutamak,an pelaksanaan tugas yang sudah ditetapkan, dengan terpenuhnya kebutuhan masyarakat
Kata kunci: reformasi, modernisasi, administrasi publik
International Responsibility of Public International Organizations and Their Member States
A public international organization is formed by international agreement made by states or other international organizations. This thesis examines the different types of international organizations and the requirements that must be met for the international organization to act under international law. When an international organization receives international rights and obligations, the international organization becomes an international person. This personality is analyzed and differentiated from that of a state. The granting of rights and obligations to an international organization also means that the organization will be liable for its actions and those of its organs for breaches international law. Member states recognizing an international organization may also be liable for violations by the organization in two limited circumstances: external ultra-vires acts of the organization and ultra-hazardous activities where international law imposes absolute liability on member states. Member states are jointly and severally liable in these situations
Rechtliche Tendenzen des Umweltschutzes in Deutschland unter dem Einfluss der Europaischen Union
訳 : 磯村, 篤
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Defining investment in a future WTO agreement on investment facilitation for development
The draft text for an Investment Facilitation for Development Agreement does not define the term "investment." If negotiators wish to define said term, they should take guidance from the WTO rule book. It characterizes trade-related investment as a business or professional establishment by a WTO member’s person in another WTO member’s territory for purposes of providing goods or services
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在未来的 WTO 投资促进发展协定中定义投资
This Perspective explores the implications for the home countries of large MNEs of the agreement reached by over 140 countries in 2021 to enact a corporate minimum tax of 15%. It argues that the corporate minimum tax complements the trend to reduce the negative impact of unfettered globalization on labor, and it protects the ability of home countries to finance a robust social safety net. Home countries should adopt the corporate minimum tax, and that includes the US, which last year failed to adapt its Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income approach to the corporate minimum tax
Pflege in Zeiten sozialstaatlicher Transformation. Notwendigkeit und Gewährleistungsprofil eines zukunftsgemäßen Pflegesystems
ZusammenfassungDie vom Gesetzgeber vermeintlich eingeleitete Wende in der Pflegeversicherung begegnet immer stärkeren Zweifeln. Die Kaskade der bisherigen Reformgesetze mit dem 1. und 2. Pflegestärkungsgesetz, dem Entwurf eines 3. Pflegestärkungsgesetzes sowie dem Pflegeberufe-Gesetz täuscht darüber hinweg, dass weitreichende Regulierungsdefizite verbleiben. Dem Fachkräftemangel, der daraus resultierenden De-Qualifizierung und De-Professionalisierung sowie der Unterentwicklung der sozialen Infrastruktur der Pflege gilt es in interdisziplinärer Perspektive nachzuspüren, wofür der Beitrag auf einen staatswissenschaftlichen Ansatz zurückgreift. Aus den Überlegungen hierzu werden i. S. einer Abhilfe „vor Ort“ stringente Anforderungen an eine Kommunalisierung der Pflege abgeleitet, die sich in einem grundlegenden Wandel im Ansatz des Pflegerechts sowie der Aufgabenwahrnehmung erweisen muss, damit die gegenwärtige föderale Differenzierung der Aufgabenwahrnehmung zugunsten der Gleichwertigkeit aller Lebensverhältnisse in der Pflege aufrechterhalten werden kann.AbstractThe substantial turn the German long-term care insurance announced by German legislature is meeting with growing scepticism: the current reform efforts (the first and second Pflegestärkungsgesetz, the draft of a third Pflegestärkungsgesetz, and the Pflegeberufe-Gesetz) cannot paper over the remaining structural deficits of regulation. Skills shortage, and the resulting de-qualification and de-professionalization of care, as well as the underdevelopment of the underlying social infrastructure are problems that are analyzed in this paper in terms of political science from an interdisciplinary perspective (Staatswissenschaften). In conclusion, the article pleads for a communalization of care, which needs effect a fundamental change in the legislative layout of care laws as well as in the execution of tasks to maintain the egality of all living conditions in care giving
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