Características de pacientes disfágicos em serviço de atendimento domiciliar público Características de pacientes disfágicos en un servicio de atención domiciliar público Characteristics of dysphagic patients in public home care service

Este artigo teve como objetivo identificar as características dos pacientes portadores de disfagia decorrente de um acidente cerebrovascular em relação à idade, fatores de risco, episódios de acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) e grau de dificuldade para deglutir em função da consistência dos alimentos. Estudo transversal com 30 pacientes através da técnica da entrevista. Os resultados mostraram média de idade de 73,6 (± 9,55) anos, sendo 76,47% de mulheres, todos hipertensos e a metade diabéticos (58,82%). Todos tiveram acidente vascular isquêmico. Não se encontrou associação entre disfagia e idade nem com a frequência de episódios de AVC. Pacientes com hipertensão e diabetes apresentam maior chance para a disfagia. Constatou-se que a dificuldade de deglutição para líquidos é maior que os pacientes com disfagia são idosos com vários fatores de risco diante do que o enfermeiro deve orientar para uma alimentação segura diminuindo complicações como a pneumonia e a desnutrição.<br>Este artículo tuvo como objetivo identificar las características de pacientes portadores de disfagia en virtud de un accidente cerebrovascular, en relación a la edad, factores de riesgo, episodios de accidente cerebrovascular y nivel de dificultad para la deglutición de acuerdo con la consistencia de alimentos. Estudio transversal con muestra de treinta pacientes y técnica de entrevista. Los resultados muestran media de edad de 73,6 (± 9,55) años con 76,47% de mujeres, todos eran hipertensos y la mitad diabéticos (58,82%). Todos tuvieron accidente cerebrovascular isquémico. No se encontró asociación entre disfagia y edad, tampoco con la cantidad de episodios de accidente cerebrovascular. Pacientes hipertensos y diabéticos tienen mayor probabilidad para la disfagia. Há mas dificultad para deglutir líquidos. Discusión, todos son de edad con varios factores de riesgo fundamentando la idea de que es importante que el enfermero garanta una alimentación segura evitando la neumonía y desnutrición. Conclusión, la disfagia necesita ser precozmente avaluada en virtud de sus complicaciones.<br>This article discusses the characteristics of dysphagic patients victims of a stroke. The objectives were to identify the profile of patients with dysphagic and measure its association with age, risk factors, episodes of stroke and consistency of food. Methodology the cross-sectional study sample of thirty patients. Results show all 17 dysphagic patients were hypertensive and more than half also diabetic (58.82%). All they had ischemic stroke. There was no association between dysphagic and age nor with the frequency of stroke episodes. Patients with hypertension and diabetes had higher odds ratio for dysphagic referred to swallow liquids. Discussion, they were all elderly with three risk factors hypertension, diabetes and obesity and with increased difficulty in swallowing liquids than solids. It is concluded that the nurse needs to train to recognize the dysphagic and its complications such as pneumonia and malnutrition

Extensive spinal cord involvement in magnetic resonance imaging evaluation on schistosomal myelitis

The diagnosis of schistosomal myelitis (SM) is frequently presumptive because no findings from any complementary examination are pathognomonic for this disease. The present report describes some abnormalities seen on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation of a series of SM patients and discusses their etiopathogenesis. Methods: This study evaluated SM patients at the time of their diagnosis. These patients routinely underwent MRI on all segments of the spinal cord. Results: Thirteen patients were evaluated. The MRI was abnormal in 12 (92.3%) of them. In 11 patients (84.61%), the damage reached two or more spinal segments. Conclusions: MRI was an important diagnostic aid in this sample, because of the high rate of abnormalities detected. The tissue damage observed on MRI was extensive in the majority of the patients