54 research outputs found
Are we bad winners? : Public understandings of the United Nationsâ World Happiness Report among Finnish digital media and their readers
In this research, we investigate the public understanding of the World Happiness Report within the context of its highest-ranking country: Finland. We analyse how two actors, Finnish online media and their readers, understood the publication as well as the concept being measured: happiness. Digital media adopted an ambivalent stance towards both the World Happiness Report (âsports victoryâ vs âsocietal problemsâ) and the concept of happiness (âreticence to define happinessâ vs âsecrets of Finnish happinessâ). Readers agreeing with the World Happiness Report define Finland as an âalmost utopiaâ while readers disagreeing with the World Happiness Report, in addition to presenting a reversed image of Finland (âalmost dystopiaâ), further justify their distrust towards the World Happiness Report by attacking the publication, its authors and the participants (Finns). Both actors carefully construct their understanding of happiness to fit their arguments aimed at the glorification/scandalization of the World Happiness Report.Peer reviewe
Aims in teaching history and their epistemic correlates: A study of history teachers in ten countries
In spite of the importance of the topic, there are few comparative studies of the aims of history teaching, even in Europe. Domain- speciïŹc epistemic beliefs are relevant for understanding the teach- ing and learning of history and the development of deliberative thought. We studied epistemic beliefs in the context of the gen- eral aims of history teaching. The respondents were 633 history teachers from ten countries (Austria, Belarus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Israel, the Netherlands and Serbia) who rated the importance of 12 speciïŹed teaching aims and responded to four claims regarding epistemic beliefs. Three meaningful clus- ters of teaching aims were identiïŹed: critical thinking and devel- opment; moral virtues and patriotism; and historical consciousness. History teachers in ten countries were classiïŹed within these clusters. There were signiïŹcant diïŹerences among the clusters in terms of the three epistemic beliefs. The results are discussed in the contexts of the countries studied.Peer reviewe
Leader Fairness and Employeesâ Trust in Coworkers: The Moderating Role of Leader Group Prototypicality
In this article, the association between perceived supervisor fairness and trust in coworkers as a collective entity is studied. Based on identity-related theories on fairness, trust and leader effectiveness it was hypothesized that perceived supervisor distributive, procedural and interactional fairness are positively and more strongly related to employee trust in their coworkers if the supervisor is highly group prototypical rather than less group prototypical. An empirical study, conducted with 176 employees within 30 work groups, supported this hypothesis. Fairness of a less group prototypical supervisor was not associated with trust in coworkers, whereas especially unfairness of the group prototypical supervisor was detrimental for trust in coworkers. The study concludes that leaderâs prototypicality might not work as a substitute for fairness, as some recent studies have suggested, when the outcome is not directly related to the assessment of the leader. Thus, leaders should not count on the trust they earn by being group prototypical but they should also aim at fairness. Implications for collective distrust theory (Kramer, 1994; 1998) are also discussed.Peer reviewe
Personal epistemologies and social representations : And how they meet in peopleâs conceptions of the origin of human species
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A trust-focused model of leaders' fairness enactment
In this article, we present a trust-focused model for understanding leaderâs fairness enactment. The model suggests that leaders are motivated to act fairly to gain subordinatesâ trust, to show trust in their subordinates, to show that they are worth the subordinatesâ trust in them, and because they are willing to be vulnerable to the actions of cooperative subordinates. The mediating role of the leaderâs trust in the relationship between a subordinateâs cooperation and the leaderâs fairness is also tested.Peer reviewe
Miten tutkia sosiaalisia representaatioita?
Sosiaalisten representaatioiden tutkimuksessa tarkastellaan tyypillisesti arkiymmÀrryksen muodostumista ja sisÀltöÀ ihmisille ajankohtaisista ja merkittÀvistÀ ilmiöistÀ kuten ilmastonmuutoksesta, luomuruoasta, Euroopan unionista tai erilaisista terveyteen ja sairauteen liittyvistÀ teemoista kuten mielenterveydestÀ, masennuksesta tai AIDSista. LÀhestymistapa ohjaa kiinnittÀmÀÀn huomioita erilaisiin tiedonvÀlitys- ja kommunikaatiomuotoihin ja siihen, miten sosiaalinen konteksti, ryhmÀjÀsenyydet ja yhteisön historia vaikuttavat arkiymmÀrryksen syntyyn. KyseessÀ on paradigma, jolla on omat vahvat tutkimusperinteensÀ ja runsas menetelmÀllinen arsenaali. TÀssÀ artikkelissa tarkastelemme, minkÀlaisia metodologisia edellytyksiÀ ja mahdollisuuksia sosiaalisten representaatioiden lÀhestymistapa asettaa tutkijalle. Esittelemme erilaisia aineistonkeruu- ja analyysimenetelmiÀ, jotka alan tutkimuksessa ovat vakiintuneita mutta anglosaksisessa tiedemaailmassa toistaiseksi melko vÀhÀn hyödynnettyjÀ, kuten sana-assosiaatiot ja visuaaliset aineistonkeruu- ja analyysitavat.Peer reviewe
Stigma, Marginalization and Psychosocial Wellbeing of Orphans in Rwanda : Exploring the Mediation Role of Social Support
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Social representations of trust among teachers and principals in Cameroonian, Indian, and Finnish schools
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Towards a Narrative Understanding of Victimhood : The Perception of Intergroup Conflicts in Light of Past Ingroup Victimization
The present study explores the role of linguistic compositional characteristics in transmitting collective victimhood beliefs. Experimentally manipulated excerpts of history textbooks were used to examine the perception of the victim position of national outgroups and its intermediary social psychological processes with Hungarian (N = 415) and Finnish (N = 116) participants. The results reveal that the narrative composition of the victimhood narrative had a significant effect on the perception of the target groupsâ victimhood position. The evaluation of the groups changed according to which variant of the story was introduced. The results demonstrate that the perception of a perpetrator group can be changed purely by means of narrative construction and that their actions can acquire a âvictim toneâ. This effect is present in both the Hungarian and Finnish samples, suggesting that narrating an event of victimhood has certain universal characteristics, although their effect is partially dependent on the national-historical-cultural contexPeer reviewe
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