Comparação da prova de função pulmonar e da força muscular respiratória entre idosas osteoporóticas com e sem fratura vertebral torácica = Comparation of pulmonary function and respiratory muscle strength among older osteoporotic women with and without thoracic vertebral fracture

Introduction: Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by decreased bone mass, resulting in fractures, which may occur in the thoracic vertebrae, causing changes in respiratory mechanics, impairing lung function. Objectives: To compare the spirometric, respiratory muscle strength and angle of thoracic kyphosis among elderly osteoporotic vertebral fractures with and without chest. Methods: The sample was divided into group A, elderly women with thoracic vertebral fracture (n = 5) and group B, older chest without vertebral fracture (n = 7). All were assessed by spirometry, manometer, and anthropometric measurements of the thoracic curvature. Results: The results showed an increase in thoracic curvature and a decrease in lung function in Group A compared with Group B and respiratory muscle strength deficit in Group A. Conclusion: The thoracic kyphosis deformity, caused by osteoporotic fractures, affects both the respiratory and musculoskeletal system

Efeito da terapia ultrassônica de baixa intensidade em cultura celular de fibroblastos

Within the physiotherapy practice there is a wide use of therapeutic ultrasound for the treatment of various musculoskeletal disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Low Intensity Ultrasonic irradiation with differents forms of pulse and intensity in cell culture of L929 fibroblasts (ATCC CCL-1 NCTC), in order to check cell viability and define parameters of dosimetry. For this purpose, it was used the application of pulsed ultrasound with a frequency of 1MHz in cultured fibroblast cells divided into five groups (control and instantaneous intensity of 0.3W/cm2-10%, 0.3W/cm2 -20%, 0.5W/cm2-10% and US 0.5W/cm2-20% - 100Hz). Irradiation occurred at intervals of 24, 48 and 72 hours for two minutes and 24 hours after each irradiation test MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] was performed. Results showed that when comparing the values of viable cells by MTT method in the five groups, we could not find statistically significant difference in any of them, in these three conditions (24, 48 and 72 hours); while. Whereas, when performing the analysis of repeated measures in the different groups, it was found a statistically significant difference only in the group irradiated with ultrasound at 0.5W/cm2 with pulse regime of 10% (p=0.003). Based on these results, it is concluded that the Low Intensity Ultrasonic irradiation in L929 fibroblast cell culture, only in the group with an intensity of 0.5W/cm2 -10% obtained numerical growth, with statistical significance in all periods evaluation.En la práctica fisioterápica se utiliza bastante el ultrasonido como terapia para el tratamiento de diversos trastornos muscoloesqueléticos. Este artículo tiene por objetivo evaluar el efecto de la irradiación ultrasónica de baja intensidad, con diferentes regímenes de pulsos y de intensidades, en cultivo celular de fibroblastos L929 (ATCC CCL-1 NCTC), para verificar la viabilidad celular y establecer los parámetros de dosimetría. Se utilizó el ultrasonido pulsado, con frecuencia de 1Mhz, en un cultivo de células fibroblásticas, divididas en cinco grupos (con control y con la intensidad instantánea del 0,3W/cm2-10%; 0,3W/cm2 -20%; 0,5W/cm2 -10% y US 0,5W/cm2-20 % - 100Hz). La irradiación se llevó a cabo en intervalos de 24, 48 y 72 horas, durante dos minutos y después de las 24 horas de cada irradiación se realizó la prueba de MTT {Bromuro de [3-(4,5-dimetiltiazol)-2,5-difeniltetrazólio]}. Los resultados mostraron que en la comparación entre los valores de células viables por el método MTT en los cinco grupos evaluados no ha sido posible encontrar ninguna diferencia estadísticamente significativa en los tres momentos evaluados (24, 48 y 72 horas). En cambio, al llevar a cabo el análisis de medida repetida en los diferentes grupos, se obtuvo una diferencia estadísticamente significativa solamente en el grupo irradiado con ultrasonido a 0,5W/cm2 con el régimen de pulso del 10% (p=0,003). Basándose en estos resultados se concluyó que la irradiación ultrasónica de baja intensidad en cultivo celular de fibroblastos L929 obtuvo el aumento sólo en el grupo con intensidad de 0,5W/cm2-10%, con significancia en todos los periodos de evaluación.Dentro da prática fisioterápica verifica-se a ampla utilização do ultrassom terapêutico para tratamento das diversas afecções musculoesqueléticas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da irradiação Ultrassônica de Baixa Intensidade, com diferentes regimes de pulsos e intensidade, em cultura celular de fibroblastos L929 (ATCC CCL-1 NCTC), de modo a verificar a viabilidade celular e definir parâmetros de dosimetria. Para isso, utilizou-se a aplicação de ultrassom pulsado, com frequência de 1Mhz, em cultura de células fibroblásticas, divididas em cinco grupos (controle e com intensidade instantâneas de 0,3W/cm2-10%; 0,3W/cm2 -20 %; 0,5W/cm2 -10% e US 0,5W/cm2 -20 % - 100Hz). A irradiação ocorreu com intervalos de 24, 48 e 72 horas, por dois minutos, e após 24 horas de cada irradiação foi realizado teste de MTT Brometo de [3-(4,5-dimetiltiazol)-2,5-difeniltetrazólio]. Os resultados revelaram que ao compararem-se os valores de células viáveis pelo método MTT nos cinco grupos, não foi possível encontrar diferença estatisticamente significativa em nenhum deles, nos três momentos avaliados (24, 48 e 72 horas); enquanto que, ao se realizar a análise de medida repetida nos diferentes grupos, encontrou-se diferença estatisticamente significativa apenas no grupo irradiado com ultrassom a 0,5W/ cm2com regime de pulso de 10% (p=0,003). Com base nesses resultados, conclui-se que a irradiação Ultrassônica de Baixa Intensidade em cultura celular de fibroblastos L929, somente no grupo com intensidade de 0,5W/cm2-10% obteve o crescimento numérico, com significância estatística em todos os períodos de avaliação

Analysis of functional status of elderly with osteoarthritis

En este estudio se analiza la influencia del género, de la edad y del tratamiento farmacológico para la osteoartritis (OA) en la funcionalidad de las personas mayores. Se trata de un estudio transversal, lo cual 105 personas mayores han participado de ambos géneros (Edad: 70,73±6,0 años) con OA de cadera y/o rodilla confirmado por el análisis radiográfico. Se valoró la funcionalidad bajo dos instrumentos: Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) e Índice Algofuncional de Lequesne. En el análisis de datos se mostró peor funcionalidad tanto en el cuestionario Lequesne (p=0,007) como en el WOMAC (p=0,013) y en sus dominios intensidad de dolor (p=0,013), rigidez (p=0,032) y funcionalidad (p=0,018). No obstante, no se comprobaron diferencias en estos instrumentos en relación a las distintas franjas etarias o a la alteración de la articulación, de acuerdo a los indicios en la radiografía (p>;0,05). Se observó que los que fueron tratados con medicamentos para la OA presentaban funcionalidad peor que los que no lo utilizaban (Lequesne, p=0,005; WOMAC, p=0,008; y dominios: intensidad de dolor, p=0,004; rigidez, p=0,007 y funcionalidad p=0,023). En el modelo multivariante, se observó que el género y el tratamiento farmacológico influyeron en la funcionalidad de las personas mayores con OA (pThe objective of this study was to analyze the influence of gender, age and pharmacological treatment for osteoarthritis (OA) on the functional status of physically independent elderly. This cross-sectional study involved 105 elder individuals from both genders (age: 68.80±6.3 years) with OA of the hip and / or knee, which was confirmed by radiographic analysis. Two specific instruments assessed functional status: Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and Lequesne Index. It was observed worse condition in females in Lequesne (p=0.007), global WOMAC (p=0.013), as well as in its fields: pain intensity (p=0.023), stiffness (p=0.032) and functional status (p=0.018). However, considering age and radiological status, no differences were observed between groups in all variables (p>;0.05). It was observed that the individuals with pharmacological treatment for OA have poor functional status in all functional questionnaires (Lequesne, p=0.005; global WOMAC, p=0.008 as well as in specific WOMAC fields, such as Pain intensity, p=0.004; Stifness, p=0.007; and Functional status p=0.023). At multivariate modelo (multiple linear regression), it was observed that gender and pharmacological treatment may influence the functional status of elderly with OA, whereas women and medicated individuals are those showing the worse condition both in Lequesne and WOMAC indexes. It was observed worse functional status in women with osteoarthritis and pharmacological treatment evoked no improvement in functional status of these individuals.O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a influência do gênero, idade e farmacoterapia da osteoartrite (OA) sobre a funcionalidade de idosos. Trata-se de um estudo transversal com 105 idosos de ambos os gêneros (Idade: 70,73±6,0 anos) e portadores de OA de quadril e/ou joelho, confirmado por análise radiográfica. A funcionalidade foi avaliada por dois instrumentos: Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) e Índice Algofuncional de Lequesne. As análises dos dados apresentaram pior funcionalidade tanto no questionário Lequesne (p=0,007) como no WOMAC (p=0,013) e em seus domínios Intensidade da Dor (p=0,013), Rigidez (p=0,032) e Funcionalidade (p=0,018). Contudo, não foram verificadas diferenças nos instrumentos avaliados quanto a diferentes faixas etárias ou comprometimento da articulação segundo alterações radiográficas (p>;0,05). Foi observado que os medicados apresentavam pior funcionalidade em comparação aos que não utilizavam medicamentos para OA (Lequesne: p=0,005; WOMAC: p=0,008 e domínios: Intensidade da Dor: p=0,004; Rigidez: p=0,007 e Funcionalidade: p=0,023). No modelo multivariado, foi observado que o gênero e o tratamento farmacológico influenciam a funcionalidade de idosos portadores de OA (

Relationship between foot posture measures and force platform parameters during two balance tasks in older and young subjects

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to compare age-related differences in balance and anthropometric posture measurements of the foot and to determine any relationship between them. [Subjects and Methods] Sixty-eight older and 42 younger adults participated in this study. Foot posture was tested for four domains: 1) hallux flexion and extension range of motion using a goniometer, 2) navicular height and 3) length of the foot using a pachymeter, and 4) footprint (width of forefoot, arch index and hallux valgus). Balance was tested under two conditions on a force platform: bipodal in 60-s trials and unipodal in 30-s trials. The sway area of the center of pressure and velocity in the anteroposterior and mediolateral directions were computed. [Results] Older individuals showed significantly poorer balance compared with younger adults under in the unipodal condition (center of pressure area 9.97 vs. 7.72 cm2). Older people presented a significantly lower hallux mobility and higher values for width of the forefoot and transverse arch index than younger adults. The correlations between all foot posture and center of pressure parameters varied across groups, from weak to moderate (r −0.01 to −0.46). Low hallux mobility was significantly related to higher center of pressure values in older people. [Conclusion] These results have clinical implications for balance and foot posture assessments

Histomorphometric alterations of muscle soleus provoked by drawn out immobilization: experimental study with wistar lineage rats

Objective: This study has as objective to analyze the effect of joint immobilization of the soleus muscle of posterior members of rats on morphometric profile view, at periods of 21 and 45 days. Materials and methods: Ten male Rattus novergicus albinus, Wistar variety, were used, separated into two groups (group I and II), of 5 animals each, with the first group submitted to immobilization for 21 days and the second for 45 days. The experiment control was acquired from the right contralateral member of each animal. The immobilization of the left posterior member was done by adapted orthesis. The morphometric analysis of soleus was by non-serial cross sections, 8e#956;m thick. Results: From the obtained images, the muscle fibers areas were analyzed, including the form of the fibers, comparing with the control group. In both the periods of immobilization cross sections of staple fibres had reduction of the section area, front to the comparison to its respective member has controlled, with significant important (p elt; 0.0001), especially it enters the experimental groups of 21 and 45 days. Conclusion: It can be concluded that immobilization to articulate of rats per 21 and 45 days modifies the section area more transversa of staple fibres of the sóleo muscle and deleterious effect of more significant the cellular components for drawn out periods

Histomorphometric alterations of muscle soleus provoked by drawn out immobilization: experimental study with wistar lineage rats

Objective This study has as objective to analyze the effect of joint immobilization of the soleus muscle of posterior members of rats on morphometric profile view, at periods of 21 and 45 days. Materials and methods Ten male Rattus novergicus albinus, Wistar variety, were used, separated into two groups (group I and II), of 5 animals each, with the first group submitted to immobilization for 21 days and the second for 45 days. The experiment control was acquired from the right contralateral member of each animal. The immobilization of the left posterior member was done by adapted orthesis. The morphometric analysis of soleus was by non-serial cross sections, 8μm thick. Results From the obtained images, the muscle fibers areas were analyzed, including the form of the fibers, comparing with the control group. In both the periods of immobilization cross sections of staple fibres had reduction of the section area, front to the comparison to its respective member has controlled, with significant important (p < 0.0001), especially it enters the experimental groups of 21 and 45 days. Conclusion It can be concluded that immobilization to articulate of rats per 21 and 45 days modifies the section area more transversa of staple fibres of the sóleo muscle and deleterious effect of more significant the cellular components for drawn out periods