A LITANIA DOS VENCIDOS: REPRESENTAÇÕES DO AUTORITARISMO NA FICÇÃO BRASILEIRA

Este artigo discute as representações do autoritarismo na ficção brasileira, partindo, principalmente, de textos literários que tratem da relação entre o Estado e seus cidadãos, como uma série literária no corpus da literatura brasileira, para tomar o estudo e análise do romance Viva o povo brasileiro, de João Ubaldo Ribeiro. Esse romance, do qual analisaremos mais detidamente o capítulo 19, é entendido como uma espécie de história do Brasil a contrapelo, uma outra história, que é composta de acontecimentos esquecidos/desprezados pelas historiografias oficiais, cujo propósito seria o de redimir os vencidos, de acordo com o conceito de Walter Benjamin

O lúdico no desenvolvimento das potencialidades criativas musicais na primeira infância

This paper presents a vision of the creative musical development in the early childhood (from two to five years old ) departing from the sound exploration to the construction of a children's own musical making, having the playful activity as a structural basis for learning. We understand that the development of creative potential using the sound and the noise as a material of exploration allows the expansion of ideas and musical concepts, providing the formation of active, perceptive, sensitive and insightful subjects for a differentiated and open relationship with the world around the children. Based on the proposals of François Delalande and their interfaces with theorists such as Gilles Deleuze and Johan Huizinga, we propose an approach aimed at an age group which, although foreseen in Delalande's theoretical proposals, this particular age group is not sufficiently addressed in teaching. At the end, we present an experience report conducted in regular school with kindergarten students.Este artigo apresenta uma visão do desenvolvimento criativo musical na primeira infância (de dois a cinco anos) que parte da exploração sonora para a construção de um fazer musical próprio das crianças, tendo o jogo e a atividade lúdica como base estrutural para o aprendizado. Compreendemos que o desenvolvimento das potencialidades criativas utilizando sons e ruídos como matéria de exploração permite a ampliação de ideias e conceitos musicais proporcionando a formação de sujeitos ativos, perceptivos, sensíveis e perspicazes para uma relação diferenciada e aberta com o mundo que lhes cerca. A partir das propostas de François Delalande e suas interfaces com teóricos como Gilles Deleuze e Johan Huizinga, propomos uma abordagem destinada a uma faixa etária que, embora prevista nas propostas teóricas de Delalande, não foi suficientemente abordada no ensino para essa determinada faixa etária. Ao final, apresentamos um relato de uma experiência realizada em escola regular com alunos de Educação Infantil

Germline MUTYH (MYH) mutations in Portuguese individuals with multiple colorectal adenomas

Germinal mutations in the base excision repair (BER) gene MUTYH (MYH) have recently been described in association with predisposition to multiple colorectal adenomas and cancer. In contrast to the classic dominant condition of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) due to germinal mutations in the APC gene, the MYH polyposis is an autosomal recessive disease. The identification of individuals affected by MYH polyposis brings new and important implications for the diagnostic, screening, genetic counseling, follow up and therapeutic options in these patients. In this study, screening for germinal mutations in the MYH gene was performed in 53 Portuguese individuals with multiple colorectal adenomas or classic adenomatous polyposis, in whom no mutation had been identified in the APC gene. The results revealed the presence of biallelic germline MYH mutations in 21 patients. In addition, we here report 3 mutations (c.340T>C [p.Y114H]; c.503G>A [p.R168H]; and c.1186_1187insGG [p.E396fsX437]) which, to our knowledge, have not been previously describe

Nut production in Bertholletia excelsa across a logged forest mosaic: implications for multiple forest use

Although many examples of multiple-use forest management may be found in tropical smallholder systems, few studies provide empirical support for the integration of selective timber harvesting with non-timber forest product (NTFP) extraction. Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa, Lecythidaceae) is one of the world’s most economically-important NTFP species extracted almost entirely from natural forests across the Amazon Basin. An obligate out-crosser, Brazil nut flowers are pollinated by large-bodied bees, a process resulting in a hard round fruit that takes up to 14 months to mature. As many smallholders turn to the financial security provided by timber, Brazil nut fruits are increasingly being harvested in logged forests. We tested the influence of tree and stand-level covariates (distance to nearest cut stump and local logging intensity) on total nut production at the individual tree level in five recently logged Brazil nut concessions covering about 4000 ha of forest in Madre de Dios, Peru. Our field team accompanied Brazil nut harvesters during the traditional harvest period (January-April 2012 and January-April 2013) in order to collect data on fruit production. Three hundred and ninety-nine (approximately 80%) of the 499 trees included in this study were at least 100 m from the nearest cut stump, suggesting that concessionaires avoid logging near adult Brazil nut trees. Yet even for those trees on the edge of logging gaps, distance to nearest cut stump and local logging intensity did not have a statistically significant influence on Brazil nut production at the applied logging intensities (typically 1–2 timber trees removed per ha). In one concession where at least 4 trees ha-1 were removed, however, the logging intensity covariate resulted in a marginally significant (0.09) P value, highlighting a potential risk for a drop in nut production at higher intensities. While we do not suggest that logging activities should be completely avoided in Brazil nut rich forests, when a buffer zone cannot be observed, low logging intensities should be implemented. The sustainability of this integrated management system will ultimately depend on a complex series of socioeconomic and ecological interactions. Yet we submit that our study provides an important initial step in understanding the compatibility of timber harvesting with a high value NTFP, potentially allowing for diversification of forest use strategies in Amazonian Perù

X-ray emission from isolated neutron stars

X-ray emission is a common feature of all varieties of isolated neutron stars (INS) and, thanks to the advent of sensitive instruments with good spectroscopic, timing, and imaging capabilities, X-ray observations have become an essential tool in the study of these objects. Non-thermal X-rays from young, energetic radio pulsars have been detected since the beginning of X-ray astronomy, and the long-sought thermal emission from cooling neutron star's surfaces can now be studied in detail in many pulsars spanning different ages, magnetic fields, and, possibly, surface compositions. In addition, other different manifestations of INS have been discovered with X-ray observations. These new classes of high-energy sources, comprising the nearby X-ray Dim Isolated Neutron Stars, the Central Compact Objects in supernova remnants, the Anomalous X-ray Pulsars, and the Soft Gamma-ray Repeaters, now add up to several tens of confirmed members, plus many candidates, and allow us to study a variety of phenomena unobservable in "standard'' radio pulsars.Comment: Chapter to be published in the book of proceedings of the 1st Sant Cugat Forum on Astrophysics, "ICREA Workshop on the high-energy emission from pulsars and their systems", held in April, 201

Effect of Cr(V) on reproductive organ morphology and sperm parameters: An experimental study in mice

BACKGROUND: Cr(V) species are formed during the intracellular reduction of Cr(VI), a ubiquitous environmental pollutant. In this study, the acute toxicity of a physiologically stable Cr(V) compound, [Cr(V)-BT](2- )(BT = bis(hydroxyethyl)aminotris(hydroxymethyl)methane) was investigated in the male reproductive system of sexually mature 60-day-old male ICR-CD1 mice. METHODS: Eight-week-old animals were subcutaneously injected daily with a dose of ca 8 μmol of Cr/mouse, during 5 days. The control group was injected with 0.5 mL of BT buffer. Testis and epididymis morphology was evaluated using light and transmission electron microscopy. Epididymal sperm counts, motility and acrosome integrity were also assayed using standard methods. RESULTS: Seminiferous epithelium abnormalities were detected in the Cr(V)-BT experimental group, including intraepithelial vacuolation, and remarkable degeneration of Sertoli cells, spermatocytes and spermatids. The premature release of germ cells into the tubular lumen was also evident. Histological evaluation of epididymal compartments revealed apparently normal features. However, the epididymal epithelium presented vacuolation. [Cr(V)-BT](2- )induced a reduction in sperm acrosome integrity. However, sperm motility and density were not significantly affected. CONCLUSION: This in vivo study using a Cr(V) compound, provides evidence for the potential reproductive hazards caused on male reproductive system by species containing chromium in intermediate oxidation states