XMM-Newton observations of the low-luminosity cataclysmic variable V405 Pegasi

V405 Peg is a low-luminosity cataclysmic variable (CV) that was identified as the optical counterpart of the bright, high-latitude ROSAT all-sky survey source RBS1955. The system was suspected to belong to a largely undiscovered population of hibernating CVs. Despite intensive optical follow-up its subclass however remained undetermined. We want to further classify V405 Peg and understand its role in the CV zoo via its long-term behaviour, spectral properties, energy distribution and accretion luminosity. We perform a spectral and timing analysis of \textit{XMM-Newton} X-ray and ultra-violet data. Archival WISE, HST, and Swift observations are used to determine the spectral energy distribution and characterize the long-term variability. The X-ray spectrum is characterized by emission from a multi-temperature plasma. No evidence for a luminous soft X-ray component was found. Orbital phase-dependent X-ray photometric variability by $\sim50\%$ occurred without significant spectral changes. No further periodicity was significant in our X-ray data. The average X-ray luminosity during the XMM-Newton observations was L_X, bol simeq 5e30 erg/s but, based on the Swift observations, the corresponding luminosity varied between 5e29 erg/s and 2e31 erg/son timescales of years. The CV subclass of this object remains elusive. The spectral and timing properties show commonalities with both classes of magnetic and non-magnetic CVs. The accretion luminosity is far below than that expected for a standard accreting CV at the given orbital period. Objects like V405 Peg might represent the tip of an iceberg and thus may be important contributors to the Galactic Ridge X-ray Emission. If so they will be uncovered by future X-ray surveys, e.g. with eROSITA.Comment: A&A, in pres

Tolerância de hibridos de milho ao herbicida nicosulfuron.

Como objetivo de avaliar a tolerância dos híbridos de milho BRS 3060, 3101, 2114 e 2110 a doses crescentes do herbicida nicosulfuron. foi instalado um ensaio de campo na área experimental do Centro de Pesquisa da Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, município de Sete Lagoas-MG. durante o ano agrícola 1998/1999. A densidade de plantio foi de 50.000 plantas por hectare, e as doses do nicosulfuron foram de 50, 60 e 70 g ta. ha' -1, mais um tratamento testemunha que não recebeu aplicação do produto. mas que permaneceu limpo durante todo o ciclo da cultura. O delineamento experimental adotado foi em blocos ao acaso com três repetições, em esquema fatorial 4 x 4. A aplicação do produto foi realizada quando as plantas de milho se encontravam no estádio de quatro a seis folhas, ou seja, 20 dias após emergência das plantas. As avaliações de fitotoxicidade foram feitas aos 7, 14 e 21 dias após aplicação dos tratamentos herbicida. Somente o BRS 3060 permaneceu com efeito fitotóxico muito leve nas avaliações realizadas aos 14 e 21 dias após aplicação, sem comprometer o rendimento de grãos. Os resultados indicam que o herbicida nicosulfuron pode ser aplicado para o controle de plantas daninhas em híbridos de milho BRS 3060, 3101. 2114 e 2110 nas doses de 50 a 70 g ta. ha -1, sem causar danos significativos ao desenvolvimento e à produção da cultura

Specificity and kinetics of the milk-clotting enzyme from cardoon (Cynara cardunculus L.) toward bovine .kappa.-casein

The action of Cynara cardunculus L. protease on whole bovine K-casein, over a 3-h period at pH 6.4, was investigated. RpHPLC of the 3% trichloroacetic acid (TCA)-solublefraction of the K-casein digestion mixture showed three peptide peaks, which were identified by amino acid analysis and N-terminal analysis as the 106-169 fragment [caseinomacropeptide (CMP)]. Upon selective precipitation with 12% TCA, one glycosylated and two nonglycosylated forms of CMP were distinguished. Analysis of the whole digestion mixture showed no additional peptides. The kinetics of hydrolysis of the PhelO5- Met106 bond was studied by spectrofluorometry, using fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled K-casein (FTC- K-casein). The values obtained for kat, k, and k were 1.04 s-l, 0.16 pM, and 6.5 pM-l s-l, respectively. The proteolytic coefficient is of the same order of magnitude as those obtained for other milk-clotting enzymes, but the k, is significantly lower, which reflects the higher affinity of Cynara protease to K-casei

Anticancer properties of essential oils and other natural products

Essential oils are secondary metabolites with a key-role in plants protection, consisting primarily of terpenes with a volatile nature and a diverse array of chemical structures. Essential oils exhibit a wide range of bioactivities, especially antimicrobial activity, and have long been utilized for treating various human ailments and diseases. Cancer cell prevention and cytotoxicity are exhibited through a wide range of mechanisms of action, with more recent research focusing on synergistic and antagonistic activity between specific essential oils major and minor components. Essential oils have been shown to possess cancer cell targeting activity and are able to increase the efficacy of commonly used chemotherapy drugs including paclitaxel and docetaxel, having also shown proimmune functions when administered to the cancer patient. The present review represents a state-of-the-art review of the research behind the application of EOs as anticancer agents both in vitro and in vivo. Cancer cell target specificity and the use of EOs in combination with conventional chemotherapeutic strategies are also explored

Phaeochromocytoma Associated to Von Recklinghausen Neurofibromatosis Type I: a Rare Clinical Case

Os feocromocitomas são neoplasias originárias das células cromafins da crista neural localizados, na sua grande maioria, na medula supra-renal, podendo também aparecer nos gânglios simpáticos (paragangliomas). Ocorrem de forma esporádica em 90% dos casos; contudo, em cerca de 10% são um componente de síndromes neoplásicas de transmissão autossómica dominante, como a doença de von Hippel-Lindau, a neoplasia endócrina múltipla tipo 2 (MEN 2) e, mais raramente, associados à Neurofibromatose de von Recklinghausen tipo I (3-5%). A este propósito, os autores apresentam o caso de um homem de 54 anos, com uma história pessoal e familiar de Neurofibromatose de von Recklinghausen tipo I em que foi detectado um tumor da supra-renal direita, assintomátic(“incidentaloma”), cuja investigação posterior comprovou ser um feocromocitoma produtor de elevados níveis de epinefrina e nor-epinefrina. Apesar do padrão secretório de catecolaminas apresentado, foi confirmada, por pressurometria de 24 horas, a existência de normotensão e ausência de história familiar de hipertensão arterial, factos igualmente pouco comuns. Discutem-se alguns dos mecanismos patogénicos envolvidos nestas entidades sindromáticas tumorais, bem como o seu comportamento clínico; salienta-se, igualmente, a importância do rastreio oncológico sistemático, nomeadamente de feocromocitomas, em familiares de indivíduos portadores deste tipo de neoplasia autossómica dominante, mesmo que assintomáticos

Influencia da embalagem e condicoes de armazenamento na longevidade de sementes florestais.

Permite conhecer as condicoes de embalagens de armazenamento que proporcionem maior longevidade das sementes de angico (Anadenanthera macrocarpa (Benth) Brenan, Pau d'arco (Tabebuia impetiginosa Mart) e imbirucu (Pseudobombax simpliciflolium A. Robyns)

Controle de plantas daninhas na cultura do milho utilizando leucena (Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de wit).

Avaliou-se o efeito da parte aérea da leucena, em condiçoes de casa de vegetação e campo, sobre o desenvolvimento de plantas daninhas, fitotoxicidade para o milho e acréscimo de nitrogênio para a cultura. Em casa de vegetação (vasos) foram avaliadas 25 t ha-1 da parte aérea da leucena incorporada e colocada em cobertura. Após a distribuição da leucena nos vasos, seguiu-se o plantio do milho, 5, 10, 20 e 40 dias. Em condições de campo, foram avaliados 20, 30 e 40 t ha-1 de matéria verde em cobertura e incorporada. A leucena, em casa de vegetação, inibiu o desenvolvimento das plantas daninhas, não apresentando fitotoxicidade para o milho. Em condições de campo, 40 t ha-1 de leucena em cobertura controlaram o desenvolvimento das plantas daninhas sem prejudicar o rendimento de grãos de milho

Do Food Web Models Reproduce the Structure of Mutualistic Networks?

Background Simple models inspired by processes shaping consumer-resource interactions have helped to establish the primary processes underlying the organization of food webs, networks of trophic interactions among species. Because other ecological interactions such as mutualisms between plants and their pollinators and seed dispersers are inherently based in consumer-resource relationships we hypothesize that processes shaping food webs should organize mutualistic relationships as well. Methodology/Principal Findings We used a likelihood-based model selection approach to compare the performance of food web models and that of a model designed for mutualisms, in reproducing the structure of networks depicting mutualistic relationships. Our results show that these food web models are able to reproduce the structure of most of the mutualistic networks and even the simplest among the food web models, the cascade model, often reproduce overall structural properties of real mutualistic networks. Conclusions/Significance Based on our results we hypothesize that processes leading to feeding hierarchy, which is a characteristic shared by all food web models, might be a fundamental aspect in the assembly of mutualisms. These findings suggest that similar underlying ecological processes might be important in organizing different types of interactions.This work was supported by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP; url: www.fapesp.org ) grants 2009/54567-6 to MMP and 2009/054422-8 to PRG. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Peer reviewe