Hubungan Indeks Massa Tubuh dengan Kapasitas Vital Paru-paru Golongan Usia Muda

Obesity is one of the risk factors for many metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Vital capacity measurement is one of the health procedures to show lung function. Vital capacity can be predicted by knowing age and height. Vital capacity percentage shows the result of vital capacity in measurement compared with the predicted vital capacity. Sixty six healthy volunteers (n=66) are used in this study. The results show that vital capacity percentage are higher in normal-thin volunteers with % RBW (Relative Body Weight) < 90% than the normal-normal high weight volunteers with % RBW (Relative Body Weight) < 90-110%. If the findings are compared by using statistical methods, the results show no significance differences (p>0,05)

Absolutely Pure Modules

Absolutely pure modules act in ways similar to injective modules. Therefore, through-out this document we investigate many of these properties of absolutely pure modules which are modelled after those similar properties of injective modules. The results we develop can be broken into three categories: localizations, covers and derived functors. We form S1M, an S1R module, for any Rmodule M. We state and prove some known results about localizations. Using these known techniques and properties of localizations, we arrive at conditions on the ring R which make an absolutely pure S1Rmodule into an absolutely pure Rmodule. We then show that under certain conditions, if A is an absolutely pure Rmodule, then S1A will be an absolutely pure S1Rmodule. Also, we dene conditions on the ring R which guarantee that the class of absolutely pure modules will be covering. These include R being left coherent, which we show implies a number of other necessary properties. We also develop derived functors similar to Extn R (whose development uses injective modules). We call these functors Axtn R, prove they are well dened, and develop many of their properties. Then we dene natural maps between Axtn(M;N) and Extn(M;N) and discuss what conditions on M and N guarantee that these maps are isomorphisms

First record of Pholcus opilionoides (Schrank) (Araneae: Pholcidae) in Canada, with notes on its biology

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Redescription of the spider Robertus arcticus (Chamberlin & Ivie) (Araneae: Theridiidae), with the first description of the female

The original description of Robertus arcticus (Chamberlin and Ivie, 1947) (Araneae: Theridiidae) was based on a single male collected in Alaska, United States of America. The female has remained undescribed, although specimens of both sexes have been collected over the intervening decades. The species occurs in boreal Alaska, and records from Cold Lake, Alberta, Canada and James Bay, Ontario, Canada suggest that it is probably widely distributed in the Canadian boreal. Here we redescribe the male and describe the female for the first time. Most specimens examined in our study were collected from the ground of boreal forest peatlands in northeastern Alberta

Pemberian Kombinasi Vitamin B1, B6 dan B12 sebagai Faktor Determinan Penurunan Nilai Total Gejala pada Pasien Neuropati Perifer Diabetik

Diabetic neuropathy is defined as symptoms of peripheral nerve dysfunction in people with diabetes after the exclusion of other causes. According to the earlier studies symptoms of neuropathy such as pain, burning, paresthesia/tingling and numbness can be reduced with neurotropic supplementation. The aim of the research is to determine vitamin B1, ­B6 and B12 as a determinant factor in the reduce total symptom score in patient with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. This research used case series studies and choose 43 sample with consecutive sampling method. We observed symptoms of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (pain, burning, tingling and numbness) measured as total symptoms score, among the patients treated with vitamin B1 (100mg), ­B6 (100mg) and B12 (5000mcg) for a month. Measurement of total symptoms score performed at first meeting, the second week later (day-14) and the fourth week later (day-30). The data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate statistics. The patients (n=43) consisted of 20 male (46.5 %) and 23 female (53.5 %). The symptoms of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (pain, burning, tingling and numbness) that measured by total symptoms score compared with first visit (4.70 ± 1.83), second visit (2.99 ± 1.61) and third (2:37 ± 1.62). Bivariate analysis, showed a correlation between a reduction in total symptoms score after giving therapy of vitamin B1 (100mg), ­B6 (100mg) and B12 (5000mcg) with p = 0.00. Vitamin B1, ­B6 and B12 proved to be a determinant factor to reduce total symptoms score (pain, burning, tingling, and numbness) in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy

Evaluasi Dampak Penerapan Automated Dispensing Machine terhadap Dispensing Error di Farmasi Rawat Jalan Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit Bethesda Yogykarta

Dispensing error is not uncommon in the medication proccess. Otomatisation of outpatient pharmacy services decrease the incidence of dispensing error, as well as improving the efficiency of picking, packing and labeling process. Since August 2014 an automated dispensing machine was installed in outpatient pharmascy Bethesda Hospital Yogyakarta, integrated with electronic prescribing and hospital information system. The objective of the study was to evaluate the impact of automated dispensing machine on the dispensing error at outpatient pharmacy Services using before and after study method. The procentage of drugs deliver by automated dispensing machine at the third and sixth month of implementation was 46% and 59%. Failure mode and effeect analysis of dispensing process done before the implementation, and the integration with electronic prescription and hospital information system, as well as the development of smart pack is the key of successed. The average of medications picked after the implementation of automated dispensing machine was (37,915.33 ± 3,160.12), higher than before implementation (36,812.67 ± 2,890.81), but not significant. The average of dispensing error after implementation (15,67 ± 6,28) was reduced significantly (p<0,05) than before (50.33 ± 34.47). The most frequent type of dispensing error were wrong quantity dispensed, wrong drug dispensed and wrong strength dispensed. The implementation of automated dispensing machine significantly reduce the incidence of dispensing error. Further investigaation needed to know the incidence of dispesning error cause by the machine and manual and factors that influenced

Modelo de gestión cooperativa de ahorro y crédito Unimos

Este trabajo identifica los elementos a tomarse en cuenta en el desarrollo social colectivo mediante un proceso continuo de recolección de información sobre los clientes, la introducción de cambios en los productos y procesos de la cooperativa para mejorar sus operaciones y alcanzar un objetivo socialNo Abstrac