Research results applied to the field of health: how experience impacts the classroom and society

The Health Sciences Faculty of the Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira has been advancing in the generation of new knowledge and has explored various fields of knowledge. This book presents four pieces of research that have a lot to do with new trends, both in the training of human talent in health, and in the way in which knowledge and technology are applied to solutions to context problems. In this case, it is important to mention the role that high-fidelity clinical simulation has been gaining in the training processes of our students, more specifically the use of theater and the “standardized patients” strategy, in the promotion of professional criteria. The positive impact of a focused training is evident, both in the conceptual development of the individual, and in the appropriation of his role as an agent of social change. The theater promotes an intentional interaction with which knowledge, skills and attitudes can be explored in a medical training process. Likewise, theater has been used as a useful tool in the introduction of therapeutic elements in hospital spaces, such as pediatric, oncology or mental health wards, promoting various ways of interacting with medical staff, or exploring personal aspects. that can improve the clinical evolution of patients. Clinical simulation also contemplates a series of technological elements that, when used for educational purposes, can also promote performance analysis of cognitive, technical, and dexterity skills. This is the case of the clinical simulation put to the service of a CPR skills analysis project, in which, through sensors and performance variables such as force, pressure or response time, they can account for advances in CPR training processes, both for university communities and for health professionals.PregradoCONTENT Introduction ....................................................................................................................5 CHAPTER ONE Project Jai Kazhirua: Actors for clinical simulation .......................................................9 Julio César Sánchez Naranjo, Heidy Yicel Mesa Arenas and Andrés Felipe Ramírez Herrera CHAPTER TWO Implementation of a flipped classroom methodology in the medical physiology course in the Faculty of Health Sciences ...................................................31 Julio César Sánchez Naranjo, Diego Fernando López Zapata, Óscar Alonso Pinzón Duque, Andrés Mauricio García Cuevas, Martha Doris Morales Medina and Samuel Eduardo Trujillo Henao CHAPTER THREE SANAR RIENDO (HEALING LAUGHTER): humor therapy for pediatric hospitalized patients.................................................................................53 Julio César Sánchez Naranjo, Heidy Yicel Mesa Arenas and Andrés Felipe Ramírez Herrera CHAPTER FOUR CPR performance characteristics of emergency teams in the city of Pereira, Colombia .....................................................................................................77 Giovanni García Castro, Yamileth Estrada Berrio, Johana Andrea Méndez Timaná, and Sandra Milena Bedoya Gaviri

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Modelos pedagógicos en Docentes de Ciencias Clínicas de la Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira-UTP, Colombia.

Objective: To characterize the pedagogical models used by clinical science professors of the medicine program at the Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira. Materials and methods: Qualitative, descriptive research. Forty teachers linked under any modality (permanent, temporary or for hours) who had been carrying out their pedagogical activity for three years or more were selected. A semi-structured interview was conducted, which was endorsed by the Bioethics Committee of the Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira. Results: 55% of professors have training in education or university teaching. 45% of teachers claim to use the problematization model, 37.5% do not know the model they use, 12.5% ​​believe they use the technological model and finally 5% invoke the traditional model. Regarding the didactic material used, there were no differences between the groups of professors, all of them favored audiovisual aids, such as power point presentations and whiteboard. There were also no differences regarding the didactic methodology since the majority used academic rounds, clinical cases, and topic reviews. And at the time of the evaluation, everyone favored the written exam. Conclusion: Most of the professors have some degree of training in education; All of them use a pedagogical model and although the majority identify it as a problematization model, it was found that, based on the didactic material used, the way of transmitting information, motivating and evaluating the student and how it facilitates training, the tendency is to use a mixture of models, with the technological model predominating, followed by the traditional and problematization models.Objetivo: Caracterizar los modelos pedagógicos utilizados por los docentes de ciencias clínicas del programa de medicina de la Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira. Materiales y métodos: Investigación de tipo cualitativo, descriptivo. Se tomaron cuarenta docentes vinculados bajo cualquier modalidad (planta, transitorio o catedrático) que llevaran tres años o más realizando su actividad pedagógica. Se les realizó una entrevista semi-estructurada que fue avalada por el Comité de Bioética de la Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira. Resultados: El 55% de los docentes tienen formación en educación o docencia universitasirta. El 45% de los docentes aducen emplear el modelo problematizador, el 37,5% no conocen el modelo que emplean, el 12,5% creen utilizar el modelo tecnológico y por último el 5%, invocan el modelo tradicional. En cuanto al material didáctico utilizado no hubo diferencias entre los grupos de docentes, todos privilegiaron las ayudas audiovisuales tipo presentaciones en power point y expógrafo; tampoco hubo diferencias en cuanto a la metodología didáctica ya que la mayoría utilizaron rondas académicas, casos clínicos y revisiones de tema; en cuanto a la evaluación todos privilegiaron el examen escrito. Conclusión: La mayoría de los profesores tienen algún grado de formación en educación; todos utilizan un modelo pedagógico y aunque la mayoría lo identifican como modelo problematizador, se encontró que, con base en el material didáctico utilizado, la forma de transmitir la información, de motivar y evaluar al estudiante facilitar la formación, la tendencia es a usar una mezcla de los modelos, predominando el modelo tecnológico, seguido por los modelos tradicional y problematizador

Modelos pedagógicos en Docentes de Ciencias Clínicas de la Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira-UTP, Colombia.

Objective: To characterize the pedagogical models used by clinical science professors of the medicine program at the Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira. Materials and methods: Qualitative, descriptive research. Forty teachers linked under any modality (permanent, temporary or for hours) who had been carrying out their pedagogical activity for three years or more were selected. A semi-structured interview was conducted, which was endorsed by the Bioethics Committee of the Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira. Results: 55% of professors have training in education or university teaching. 45% of teachers claim to use the problematization model, 37.5% do not know the model they use, 12.5% ​​believe they use the technological model and finally 5% invoke the traditional model. Regarding the didactic material used, there were no differences between the groups of professors, all of them favored audiovisual aids, such as power point presentations and whiteboard. There were also no differences regarding the didactic methodology since the majority used academic rounds, clinical cases, and topic reviews. And at the time of the evaluation, everyone favored the written exam. Conclusion: Most of the professors have some degree of training in education; All of them use a pedagogical model and although the majority identify it as a problematization model, it was found that, based on the didactic material used, the way of transmitting information, motivating and evaluating the student and how it facilitates training, the tendency is to use a mixture of models, with the technological model predominating, followed by the traditional and problematization models.Objetivo: Caracterizar los modelos pedagógicos utilizados por los docentes de ciencias clínicas del programa de medicina de la Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira. Materiales y métodos: Investigación de tipo cualitativo, descriptivo. Se tomaron cuarenta docentes vinculados bajo cualquier modalidad (planta, transitorio o catedrático) que llevaran tres años o más realizando su actividad pedagógica. Se les realizó una entrevista semi-estructurada que fue avalada por el Comité de Bioética de la Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira. Resultados: El 55% de los docentes tienen formación en educación o docencia universitasirta. El 45% de los docentes aducen emplear el modelo problematizador, el 37,5% no conocen el modelo que emplean, el 12,5% creen utilizar el modelo tecnológico y por último el 5%, invocan el modelo tradicional. En cuanto al material didáctico utilizado no hubo diferencias entre los grupos de docentes, todos privilegiaron las ayudas audiovisuales tipo presentaciones en power point y expógrafo; tampoco hubo diferencias en cuanto a la metodología didáctica ya que la mayoría utilizaron rondas académicas, casos clínicos y revisiones de tema; en cuanto a la evaluación todos privilegiaron el examen escrito. Conclusión: La mayoría de los profesores tienen algún grado de formación en educación; todos utilizan un modelo pedagógico y aunque la mayoría lo identifican como modelo problematizador, se encontró que, con base en el material didáctico utilizado, la forma de transmitir la información, de motivar y evaluar al estudiante facilitar la formación, la tendencia es a usar una mezcla de los modelos, predominando el modelo tecnológico, seguido por los modelos tradicional y problematizador