Do ownership structures affect the risk incentive provided by managerial portfolio holdings? An empirical analysis of UK alternative investment market companies

This paper analyzes the wealth and risk incentive effects of managerial options and shareholdings on the hedging probability of UK listed Alternative Investment Market (AIM) companies. We find that the wealth incentive effect provided by managerial option holdings increases the hedging likelihood. On the contrary, the wealth incentive effect provided by managerial shareholdings decreases the hedging likelihood. Further tests show that the incentive effect provided by managerial shareholdings is significantly different if managers are not substantial shareholders of the company. Managers with substantial ownership are significantly less risk averse. Thus, the size and ownership structure characteristics of AIM companies seem to result in similarities between managers‟ and owners‟ behavior

Waist-to-height ratio is independently related to whole and central body fat, regardless of the waist circumference measurement protocol, in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Pimenta N.M., Cortez-Pinto H., Melo X., Silva-Nunes J., Sardinha L.B. & Santa-Clara H. (2017) Waist-to-height ratio is independently related to whole and central body fat, regardless of the waist circumference measurement protocol, in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients. J Hum Nutr Diet. 30, 185–192, which has been published in final form atdoi: 10.1111/jhn.12410. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions.Background: Waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) has been reported as a prefer-able risk related body fat (BF) marker, although no standardised waistcircumference measurement protocol (WCmp) has been proposed. Thepresent study aimed to investigate whether the use of a different WCmpaffects the strength of relationship between WHtR and both whole andcentral BF in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients.Methods: BF was assessed with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in28 NAFLD patients [19 males, mean (SD) 51 (13) years and nine females,47 (13) years]. All subjects also underwent anthropometric evaluationincluding height and waist circumference (WC) measurement using fourdifferent WCmp (WC1, minimal waist; WC2, iliac crest; WC3, mid-distancebetween iliac crest and lowest rib; WC4, at the umbilicus) and WHtR wascalculated using each WC measurements (WHtR1, WHtR2, WHtR3 andWHtR4, respectively). Partial correlations were conducted to assess the rela-tion of WHtR and DXA assessed BF.Results: All WHtR were particularly correlated with central BF, includingabdominal BF (r = 0.80, r = 0.84, r = 0.84 and r = 0.78, respectively, forWHtR1, WHtR2, WHtR3 and WHtR4) and central abdominal BF (r = 0.72,r = 0.77, r = 0.76 and r = 0.71, respectively, for WHtR1, WHtR2, WHtR3and WHtR4), after controlling for age, sex and body mass index. There wereno differences between the correlation coefficients obtained between allstudied WHtR and each whole and central BF variable.Conclusions: Waist-to-height ratio was found a suitable BF marker in thepresent sample of NAFLD patients and the strength of the relationshipbetween WHtR and both whole and central BF was not altered by usingdifferent WCmp in the present sample of NAFLD patients.FUNDING SOURCES The first author of this paper was supported by a research grant (PhD scholarship) from the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), Ministry of Education and Science of Portugal (grant: SFRH/ BD/ 70515/ 2010). The present study was funded by: the Centre for the Study of Human Performance, Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, Lisbon, Portugal.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

History Teaching and Learning through Heritage: how Students Construct Historical Evidence

Sintetiza-se aqui parte de uma investigação de doutoramento no âmbito da Educação em História e Ciências Sociais, realizada na Universidade do Minho (Portugal), que assumiu uma abordagem metodológica essencialmente qualitativa, procurando relacionar a Educação Histórica e a Educação Patrimonial. Pretendendo aprofundar a compreensão dos sentidos atribuídos por alunos e professores de História a fontes patrimoniais como evidência histórica, no estudo principal aplicaram-se instrumentos específicos a uma amostra de 87 alunos (40 do 7º ano e 47 do 10º ano de escolaridade) de cinco escolas do município de Guimarães, no norte de Portugal, e aos respetivos professores de História. Os dados foram analisados mediante um processo de categorização progressivamente refinado, permitindo salientar que o uso de fontes patrimoniais em tarefas metodologicamente adequadas pode facilitar a compreensão de conceitos históricos mais abstratos pelos alunos, e o papel dos professores no desenvolvimento da compreensão da evidência pelos alunos, envolvendo-os na construção do seu conhecimento histórico, tendo em vista uma aprendizagem significativa.Se presenta parte de una investigación doctoral en Educación en Historia y Ciencias Sociales (Universidade do Minho, Portugal), que ha adoptado un enfoque esencialmente cualitativo, intentando relacionar la Educación Histórica y la Educación Patrimonial. Aspirando a profundizar la comprensión de los significados atribuidos por alumnos y profesores de historia a las fuentes patrimoniales como evidencia histórica, en el estudio principal se han aplicado instrumentos específicos a una muestra de 87 estudiantes (40 del 7º grado y 47 del 10º grado) de cinco institutos del municipio de Guimarães, Norte de Portugal, y respectivos profesores de historia. Los datos han sido analizados en un proceso de categorización progresivamente refinado, lo cual ha permitido destacar que el uso del patrimonio en tareas metodológicamente adecuadas puede facilitar la comprensión de conceptos históricos más abstractos por parte de los alumnos, y el papel de los profesores en el desarrollo de la comprensión de la evidencia por los alumnos, implicándolos en la construcción de su conocimiento histórico, según un aprendizaje significativo.This paper presents a piece of a doctoral research in History and Social Sciences Education carried out at the University of Minho (Portugal), using a mainly qualitative approach, aiming at connecting History Education and Heritage Education. It was intended to deepen understanding of how students and history teachers make sense of heritage as historical evidence. In the main study, specific instruments were applied to a sample of 87 students (40 from Year 7 and 47 from Year 10) from five schools in the city of Guimarães, northern Portugal, and their history teachers. Data were analysed through a process of progressively refined categorization, allowing us to state that using heritage within methodologically appropriate tasks can help students’ understanding of abstract historical concepts and facilitate the role of teachers in developing students’ understanding of evidence, involving them in the construction of their historical knowledge, with a view to meaningful learning

My UEG presidency: providing opportunities for professionals to enhance their knowledge and skills and ultimately contribute to the improvement of digestive health

© 2022 The Authors. United European Gastroenterology Journal published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of United European Gastroenterology. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.The next 2 years are particularly important for UEG, for several reasons. First, we launched in December 2021, the possibility for individual digestive healthcare professionals to connect with UEG even more closely than before, as my UEG Associates. With My Connect, UEG's brand new networking feature, they can now also better network among each other, all in a safe and professional online setting only accessible to those within the myUEG Community.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Waist circumference in Liver Disease

Background Central fat accumulation is important in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) etiology. It is unknown weather any commonly used waist circumference (WC) measurement protocol (mp), as whole and central fat accumulation marker, is preferable for patients with NAFLD. The present study sought to find a preferable WC mp to be used in patients with NAFLD, based on three-fold criterion. Material and methods Body fat (BF) was assessed through Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) in 28 patients with NAFLD (19 males, 51 + 13 yrs, and 9 females, 47 + 13 yrs). WC was measured using four different WC mp (WC1-narrowest torso, WC2- just above iliac crest, WC3- mid-distance between iliac crest and last rib and WC4- at the umbilicus). Results All WC measurements were highly correlated particularly with central BF depots, including trunk BF (r=0.78; r=0.82; r=0.82; r=0.84; respectively for WC1, WC2, WC3 and WC4) abdominal BF (r=0.78; r=0.78; r=0.80; r=0.72; respectively for WC1, WC2, WC3 and WC4) and central abdominal BF (r=0.76; r=0.77; r=0.78; r=0.68; respectively for WC1, WC2, WC3 and WC4), controlling for age, sex and body mass index. There were no differences between the correlation coefficients obtained between all studied WC measurements and each whole and central analyzed BF variable. Conclusion All studied WC mp seem suitable for use in patients with NAFLD, particularly as central BF clinical assessment tool, though not interchangeably. Hence biological and precision criteria alone did not sanction the superiority of any WC mp. Practical criteria may endorse WC measured at the iliac crest.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Project Live2Work: presentantion of the manual

The Live2Work project proposes materials and methodologies, in a coherent and well-founded structure for intervention with populations in situations of social vulnerability, in order to promote the development of skills for the construction of sustainable living projects. The manual for the support of the project is presented in three parts. The first part aims to present the project Live2Work with respect to its purpose, general objectives, distinctive characteristics, as well as a summary of the different stages and outputs in which it takes place. The second part focuses on the social relevance of the project, starting with an analysis and evaluation of the current European context, on a set of demographic, educational and employability issues, and analyzes the main understandings on social justice. It also includes a reflection on the current way of training (academic and professional) of the different end users that does not always adequately prepare them to deal effectively with the construction of life projects in public in situations of social vulnerability. The third part analyzes different theoretical contributions for the construction of life projects in people in situations of social vulnerability, constituting as the conceptual basis of the intervention. Thus, the concepts and principles of the Systems Theory, the Chaos Theory, the Ecological Approach, and the Career Self-Management Models are presented, since they inspired the rational of the project.N/

Waist-to-Hip Ratio is Related to Body Fat Content and Distribution Regardless of the Waist Circumference Measurement Protocol, in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Patients

Central accumulation and distribution of body fat (BF) is an important cardiometabolic risk factor. Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), commonly elevated in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients, has been endorsed as a risk related marker of central BF content and distribution, but no standardized waist circumference measurement protocol (WCmp) has been proposed. We aimed to investigate whether using different WCmp affects the strength of association between WHR and BF content and distribution in NAFLD patients. BF was assessed with Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) in 28 NAFLD patients (19 males, 51 ± 13 yrs, and 9 females, 47 ± 13 yrs). Waist circumference (WC) was measured using four different WCmp (WC1: minimal waist; WC2: iliac crest; WC3: mid-distance between iliac crest and lowest rib; WC4: at the umbilicus) and WHR was calculated accordingly (WHR1, WHR2, WHR3 and WHR4, respectively). High WHR was found in up to 84.6% of subjects, depending on the WHR considered. With the exception of WHR1, all WHR correlated well with abdominal BF (r=0.47 for WHR1; r=0.59 for WHR2 and WHR3; r=0.58 for WHR4) and BF distribution (r=0.45 for WHR1; r=0.56 for WHR2 and WHR3; r=0.51 for WHR4), controlling for age, sex and body mass index (BMI). WHR2 and WHR3 diagnosed exactly the same prevalence of high WHR (76.9%). The present study confirms the strong relation between WHR and central BF, regardless of WCmp used, in NAFLD patients. WHR2 and WHR3 seemed preferable for use in clinical practice, interchangeably, for the diagnosis of high WHR in NAFLD patients.co-financed by national funds through the Programa Operacional do Alentejo (ALENT-07-0262-FEDER-001883)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Lusophony : communication in the portuguese speaking world

This article provides a general overview of media and communication in the Portuguese Speaking World. It could be said that the media were an awareness catalyst for Lusophone issues well before the formal constitution of the Lusophone Community. Even in periods of more tense political/diplomatic relations between Lusophone countries, the media always maintained what could be described as a minimum connection. Information has traditionally circulated with ease in this space through news agencies, newspapers, radio and television international broadcasts. Films, series, sports programmes, and cultural products such as telenovelas, faced no cultural resistance, being well received in all Lusophone countries. Brazil and Portugal clearly are the main producers of information and entertainment content but the content flow is far from being unidirectional