The Expected Impact of Climate in the Grapevine Culture, in Madeira Region, Portugal

It's increasingly important to know the effects of climate change on crops. This study aimed to determine the bioclimatic indices for the main wine-growing areas of Madeira island, for the current period and for two simulated climate scenarios to understand the potential and limits that will be imposed on the development of vine culture. The climate characterization process was mainly based on the Multicriteria Climatic Classification System (Géoviticulture MCC System) and used for the Winkler Index (WI), used to describe the suitability of crop cultivation in different climates. Heliothermal Index (HI) in general, showed that the regions analysed will not change in terms of heat accumulation, except for the region of Quinta Grande and Santana. For the Night Cold Index (CI), the regions of Quinta Grande, São Vicente, and Santana currently have minimum ideal temperatures for a good maturation of the vineyards. The Dryness Index (DI) showed that currently and in the simulated scenarios, all regions have not suffered from drastic water restrictions. In the regions of Quinta Grande, São Vicente, Ponta do Pargo, and Santana according to the Winkler Index (WI), the quality of the wines will change if the results of the simulations come true.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Citrate and isocitrate in plant metabolism

The relevance of citrate and isocitrate metabolism in plants is discussed in connection with the different pathways for their conversions. The routes for citrate and isocitrate conversions are incorporated into the system of cross-linked metabolic processes and may provide carbon skeletons for nitrogen assimilation and reducing equivalents for biosynthetic reactions, support the functioning of the glyoxylate cycle and play an important role in the TCA and energy metabolism as a whole. The possibility of the coupling of citrate and isocitrate metabolism with various electron transport systems is discussed from the point of view of the efficiency of the balancing cellular NAD P H Ž . Ž . rNAD P and ATP q rADP ratios. The role of citrate and isocitrate and their derivations as potent effectors of some enzymes is considered. Special attention is paid to the enzymes associated with citrate and isocitrate metabolism and to the mechanisms which regulate their activity. The possibilities of the coordination of the main processes of energy and biosynthetic metabolism at the level of citrate and isocitrate distribution are discussed.The authors are grateful to Dr., Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, V.P. ŽSkulachev Moscow State University, Institute of. Molecular Biology for carefully and critically reading the manuscript and stimulating discussions. We also thank Dr. Teresa M. Santos for her help during the preparation of the manuscript. The work of Prof. Tatyana N. Popova in Madeira University was supported by the grant no. 9r96r1r0618 of the Portuguese Foundation for Support of the Scientific Community JNICT and the Madeiran Scientific and Ž . Technological Centre CITMA . Ž .info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Plant data survey in Porto Santo (Madeira Archipelago, Portugal): an update

The present contribution updates BORGES et al. (2008)’s “A list of the terrestrial fungi, flora and fauna of Madeira and Selvagens archipelagos”. Since then, and until the summer of 2019, 131 new taxa were cited, namely 30 bryophytes, one pteridophyte and 100 spermatophytes. Based on the compilation of written and unpublished information about the diversity of terrestrial plants cited for Porto Santo, the present work lists 696 taxa, including 134 bryophytes, 13 pteridophytes and 549 spermatophytes. Two species of mosses, Sematophyllum substrumulosum (Hampe) E. Britton and Tortula lanceolata R. H. Zander are recorded for the first time from Porto Santo, corresponding to material collected in 2018. Additionally, 12 species of spermatophytes, all cultivated, are referred for the first time to the island. Two species of pteridophytes, Ophioglossum lusitanicum L. and Hymenophyllum wilsonii Hook are proposed to be considered extinct.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

O papel do Banco de Germoplasma: Isoplexis-Germobanco no estudo e conservação da agrodiversidade e dos recursos genéticos

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Regulation of mitochondrial NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase in rat heart during ischemia

The changes in the regulation of at mitochondrial NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP-ICDH) in a rat heart during have been analysed. Increase of enzyme activity in the cytosol and mitochondria of the heart ischemia was detected. Catalytic properties of the mitochondrial NADP-ICDH at norm and pathology have been compared on homogeneous enzyme preparations. Enzyme from the normoxic and ischemic heart showed the same electrophoretical mobility and molecular mass. Enzyme isolated from the ischemic heart mitochondria demonstrated higher activation energy and lower thermal stability. NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase at the normoxic and ischemic conditions exhibited different Km for substrates and regulatory behaviour in relation to ATP, ADP, 2-oxoglutarate, citrate, malate, reduced and oxidised glutathione. The inhibitory effect of the Fe2+ and H2O2 mixture associated with the generation of hydroxyl radicals was lower in the ischemic enzyme. We hypothesise that the specific features of regulation behaviour of NADP-ICDH from the ischemic tissues permits the enzyme to supply NADPH to the glutathione reductase/glutathione peroxidase system.This work was supported by grants from the Scientific Programs of Russia Ministry Education and Science (number of projects are RNP. 2.1.1.4429 and UR. 07.01.004).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Recursos fitogenéticos

Este capítulo aborda os recursos fitogenéticos do cas- tanheiro no Arquipélago da Madeira e as metodologias utilizadas na sua avaliação. Os aspectos relacionados com as metodologias de caracterização destes recursos são analisados, nomeadamente os diferentes descritores morfológicos, bioquímicos e moleculares utilizados e as técnicas que dão suporte à avaliação dos mesmos. São apresentados os resultados preliminares da avaliação dos recursos do castanheiro, desenvolvidos com base num estudo de caracterização morfológica, sendo propostas 7 variedades regionais: curral, coração de boi, preta, mansinha, lisboa, santo antónio e formosa. Esta avaliação preliminar dos recursos do castanheiro deverá, no futuro, ser fundamentada com base em dados bioquímicos e moleculares. Por último, são abordadas as perspectivas de protecção desta cultura e da valorização da sua produção na Madeira.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

História, importância e distribuição do castanheiro

O presente capítulo aborda a história e a importância da cultura do castanheiro no Arquipélago da Madeira, assim como a sua distribuição actual na ilha da Madeira. Os aspectos relacionados com a distribuição geográfica da cultura e as condições edafo-ecológicas, em que se desenvolvem as principais cultivares desta espécie agro- -florestal, são caracterizados com o objectivo de explicar a diversidade de recursos genéticos existentes numa região de pequenas dimensões.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Oncophora melanocephala (Nematoda, Camallanidae) from the chub mackerel, Scomber japonicus (Teleostei, Scombridae), caught off Madeira Island (Portugal)

While investigating the nematode parasites of commercial fish caught off the coast of Madeira Island (Atlantic Ocean, Portugal), we collected five specimens of Oncophora melanocephala (Rudolphi, 1819) (Nematoda, Camallanidae) infecting the chub mackerel Scomber japonicus Houttuyn. This is the first record of O. melanocephala from chub mackerel and a new geographic record. Four additional larval specimens with developing buccal capsules were found in the chub mackerel examined.Financial support for the present study was provided by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT/POCTI) through their pluriannual programs.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Different seaweeds use for iodine deficiency overcome

Iodine deficiency is one of the three most common nutritional deficiencies worldwide and is a global public health problem that affects particularly the young children, pregnant women and elderly. The consequences of iodine deficiency disorder (IDD) include goiter and cretinism. The traditional consumption of iodine via supplemented salt should be monitored to reduce population sodium intake due to hypertension problems and the uncertain bioavailability of iodine in the supplemented salt. One approach for an effective and cost-efficient iodine supplementation is the use of seaweeds in food intake. Seaweeds, among all foods, are the most famous and reliable source of natural iodine. In this minireview we pretend to explore the different uses of seaweeds to fill the iodine deficiency and improve life quality.This work was supported by the projects Blue Iodine II “Boost Blue economy through market uptake an innovative seaweed bioextract for iodine fortification II” (733552, H2020- SMEInst-2016-2017); DemoBlueAlgae “Desenvolvimento de metodologias e optimização dos processos de cultivo e processamento de macroalgas para a industria e economia azul” PROCiência 2020 (M1420-01-0247-FEDER000002) and Madeira PO 14-20, contract CASBio, refª. M1420-01-0145-FEDER-000011.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

GC-MS analysis of steroids and triterpenoids occurring in leaves and tubers of Tamus edulis Lowe

Tamus edulis Lowe is an endemic perennial plant belonging to Dioscoreaceae family. The plant has long climbing stems, ovate leaves, flowers in spikes, fleshy red berries and long tuberous roots. Young shoots and tuberous roots of T. edulis were used traditionally for nourishment and as a herbal medicine. Leaves and roots analyzed in the present study were collected in the northwest of Madeira island. The GC–MS analysis allowed to detect several steroids in free forms in diethyl ether extracts; and diosgenin with its isomer, yamogenin, in hydrolyzates from methanolic extracts.The obtained results reveal that Tamus edulis has some features common with other Dioscorea species, e.g., the presence of steroidal saponins with diosgenin and yamogenin as aglycones, or the phytosterol composition with predominating sitosterol. However, some other traits, like the relatively high content of free steroids (more than 1 mg/g d.w.) and their profile rich in cholesterol derivatives, can distinguish Tamus edulis from other Dioscorea species studied previously for their steroid and triterpenoid profile.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio