Anti-glomerular basement membrane disease, ulcerative colitis, and primary sclerosing cholangitis: link or co-incidence?

International audienceUlcerative colitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and anti-glomerular basement membrane disease (anti-GBM) are three rare immune diseases with incompletely under-stood pathogenic mechanisms. We describe here the case of a 29-year-old man with ulcer-ative colitis and primary sclerosing cholang -itis who, eight years later, developed anti-GBM disease with destruction of all glomeruli leading to end-stage kidney disease. Association of these three immune diseases in the same patient has never been described. Because HLA-mediated susceptibility cannot be incriminated completely in our case, we hypothesize that environmental factors or previous immunosuppressive treatment used might be the link

AC magnetic field measurements onboard Cross-Scale: scientific objectives and instrument design

International audienceThe ACB search-coil magnetometer for Cross-Scale will measure three components of the AC magnetic field up to 4 kHz, and one component up to 100 kHz. Turbulent and coherent magnetic field fluctuations in that frequency range play an important role in the acceleration, scattering, and thermalisation of particles. ACB will, together with the other instruments of the Cross-Scale wave consortium, allow to address the key science objectives associated with plasma waves. Here, we list some of the important issues, based on the experience drawn from Cluster, and describe the instrument

Nouveau manuel de bibliographie universelle,

"Manuels-Roret": p. [665]-670.--"Collections typographiques": p. [671]-692.--"Catalogue des bibliothèques particulières qui ont eu quelque célébrité": p. [691]-706.Issued also the same year in a three volume edition.In three columns.Mode of access: Internet

and primary sclerosing cholangitis: link or co-incidence?

Anti-glomerular basement membrane disease, ulcerative colitis

The Search-coil Magnetometer for the THOR mission

International audienceTurbulence Heating ObserveR (THOR) is the first mission ever flown in space fully dedicated to plasma turbulence. The search-coil magnetometer (SCM) of THOR is a triaxial dual-band antenna dedicated to measuring the magnetic field fluctuations in the frequency range [1Hz,4kHz] and [1,200]kHz. THOR/SCM has a long heritage from earlier space missions such as Cluster, Themis, MMS, BepiColombo, Taranis, Solar orbiter and Solar Probe. In comparison to those missions, the SCM of THOR has a higher sensitivity level, which makes it capable of measuring very low amplitude magnetic fluctuations, in particular in the solar wind. Those measurements are crucial to address the problem of turbulence and energy dissipation at electron scales, a central goal of the THOR mission

Large amplification of the sensitivity of symmetric-response magnetic tunnel junctions with a high gain flux concentrator

International audienceMiniaturized, ultra-sensitive and easily integrable magnetometers are needed for many applications like space exploration or medical survey. In this study, we combine innovative magnetic tunnel junctions having a symmetric resistance-field (R–H) response with a high gain flux concentrator. In our junctions, the magnetization of the free layer (FL) is stabilized in an anti-parallel configuration with respect to that of the reference layer. This configuration is achieved by using a soft exchange pinning of the FL. We precisely adjust the exchange field value with a dusting layer of ruthenium used to weakly decouple the magnetization of the FL from the local moments of the antiferromagnet. In order to improve the junction's sensitivity, we study the influence of the exchange field value and of the shape anisotropy on the even-function R–H response. In particular, we compare circular junctions with elliptic or rectangular junctions of various aspect ratios and orientations. We find that the sensitivity of the junctions increases when reducing the soft-pinning exchange field and by using junctions with an elongated shape in the direction of the applied field. Finally, we were able to further increase the sensitivity by a factor 440 due to a flux concentrator placed around the junction by electrochemical deposition of NiFe. Its design is optimized (elongated shape, 5–7 μm thickness and 10 μm air-gap) in order to obtain this very high gain. The complete sensor system composed of these magnetic tunnel junctions and the flux concentrator allows to reach sensitivities larger than 1000%/mT