Opas liikehuoneiston vuokranantajalle

Tämä toiminnallinen opinnäytetyö on laadittu liikehuoneistojen vuokranantajille. Opinnäytetyö sai alkunsa ajankohtaisuutensa vuoksi, ja varsinkin Lappeenrannan seudulla rakennetaan jatkuvasti uusia liiketiloja kysynnän kasvaessa. Taloustilanteen myötä liikehuoneistojen vuokraus on kasvattanut suosiotaan. Opinnäytetyön tarkoituksena on luoda opas liikehuoneiston vuokranantajalle. Opas antaa selkeän kuvan vuokranantajan oikeuksista ja velvollisuuksista sekä asiaan liittyvästä lainsäädännöstä. Oppaan avulla myös ensikertalaisen on helpompi lähteä vuokraamaan liikehuoneistoa. Käsittelemme myös ristiriitatilanteiden myötä syntyneitä oikeustapauksia. Opinnäytetyö koostuu kahdesta osasta: liikehuoneiston vuokraukseen liittyvästä lakiosuudesta sekä oppaasta. Lähtökohtana opinnäytetyölle oli laki liikehuoneiston vuokrauksesta. Toteutunut opas on selkeä ja helposti ymmärrettävä. Oppaan avulla liikehuoneiston vuokraaminen onnistuu oikeaoppisesti tärkeät asiat huomioon ottaen. Oppaaseen on koottu perusasiat, joiden pohjalta on selkeää luoda oikeaoppinen sopimus yksityiskohtaisine liitteineen. Lähteinä käytettiin lakia liikehuoneiston vuokrauksesta, kirjallisuutta, lehtiartikkeleita, internetsivuja ja oikeustapauksia.The purpose of this thesis was to make a guide for the landlords of business premises. The project started from the fact that renting business premises is a very topical issue at the moment in Lappeenranta. The aim of the guide was to summarize the necessary information in to a one compact guide. The guide gives a clear picture of the landlord's rights and obligations, as well as the relevant legislation in Finland. Both companies and private landlords can use this guide. With this guide landlords can easily make a basic contract and add the relevant details concerning their case. The information was gathered mainly from act on commercial leases and from literature, internet, newspapers and cases. The theory part consists of the Finnish law on renting business premises and related cases which concern different conflict situations between a landlord and a tenant. The study also includes a case where a shopping centre was entitled to end the contract with a tenant. As a result of this thesis, the guide includes basic and useful information about renting business premises. The aim was to make the legal text more understandable and useable by making the content more readable. The guide includes necessary information in one place. There are useful links where to find further information, and an examples of contracts

Ratsastajan istunta ja rintarangan liikekontrolli : fysioterapeuttisen harjoittelun vaikutus

Liikekontrollin häiriöt heikentevät ratsastajan kehon optimaalista käyttöä, mikä näkyy heikentyneenä kehonhallintana ja epäsymmetrisyytenä hevosen selässä. Monet ratsastajat ja valmentajat kiinnittävät paljon huomiota lantion alueeseen, mutta rintakehän alueen toiminta ja liikkuvuus vaikuttavat myös vahvasti ratsastajan istuntaan. Rintarangan parantunut liikkuvuus ja stabiliteetti parantavat ratsastajan kehonhallintaa ja näin vaikuttavat positiivisesti myös apujen käyttöön ja hevosen liikkeisiin mukautumiseen. Työn toimeksiantajana oli Siilin Ratsastuskeskus Oy. Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää, kuinka rintarangan liikekontrolli vaikuttaa ratsastajan istuntaan ja voidaanko tähän vaikuttaa fysioterapeuttisella harjoittelulla. Tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli kehittää ratsastajien perusistuntaa rintarangan alueen harjoitteilla, jotta oma kehotietoisuus ja ylävartalon hallinta olisi mahdollisimman tarkoituksenmukaista ratsastuksen aikana. Opinnäytetyö toteutettiin tapaustutkimuksena. Tutkimusmenetelmänä oli määrällinen tutkimus, joka sisälsi myös laadullisen tutkimuksen ominaispiirteitä. Otos (n=11) koostui 2- ja 3-tasolla kilpailevista kouluratsastajista. Esitietolomakkeella kerättiin tutkimushenkilöiden taustatietoja ja kokemuksia omasta ist unnasta ja sen haasteista. Alku- ja loppumittauksissa rintarangan liikekontrollia tutkittiin kolmen liikekontrollinhäiriötestin avulla. Lisäksi rintarangan liikkuvuutta mitattiin, sen ollessa olennainen osa rintarangan alueen toiminnallista kokonaisuutta. Istunnan havainnointi toteutettiin videotallenteiden avulla alku- ja loppumittauksien jälkeen. Tutkimuksessa havaittiin, että rintarangan liikekontrolli parantui jokaisella tutkimushenkilöllä 12 viikon yksilöllisen harjoitusohjelman jälkeen. Tämä näkyi testiliikkeissä parantuneena rintarangan alueen liikkuvuutena ja hallintana sekä kykynä tuottaa liikettä itsenäisesti rintarangasta lannerangan sijaan. Tutkimuksen perusteella todettiin, että rintarangan liikkuvuus- ja liikekontrollin harjoitteilla voidaan vaikuttaa positiivisesti ratsastajan kehon hallintaan ja ylävartalon symmetrisyyteen ja näin ollen vähentää ratsastuksessa havaittavia puolieroja. Tutkimustuloksia voidaan hyödyntää ratsastajien lajikohtaisessa oheisharjoittelussa ja urheliufysioterapiassa. Tulevaisuudessa jatkotutkimusta tarvitaan rintarangan liikekontrollin häiriöiden testien luotettavuudesta ja kokonaisvaltaisemmin ratsastajien oheisharjoittelun vaikutuksesta kehon liikkuvuuteen, motoriseen kontrolliin ja symmetriaan.Movement control impairments and uncontrolled movements (UCM) impairs the optimal functionality of the human body which can be seen as decreased body control and asymmetric position in horseback riding. Most horseback riders and trainers know the importance of the lumbopelvic area. However, the functionality and range of movement of thoracic spine also has a strong impact to sitting posture of the rider. Improving the mobility and muscle control of thoracic spine increase the rider’s body control and also has a positive impact to accommodating to horse’s movements and being able to use aids accurately. The study was made in co-operation with Siilin Ratsastuskeskus Oy. The purpose of the study was to find out how the movement control of the thoracic spine affects the riders’ sitting posture and to determine if it can be improved with therapeutic exercise. The aim was to improve riders’ basic seat by regular thoracic exercises so the rider’s body awareness and control of the upper body would be more expedient during the sport. The study was carried out as a case study using quantitative methods with some qualitative features. The subjects (n=11) were 2 and 3 level dressage show riders. The functional part of the research consisted pre and post examination, preliminary information form and observation of the rider’s sitting posture. Movement control of thoracic spine was examined using three UCM tests. The examination consisted also measuring the thoracic spine’s movement range because of its significant impact to the functionality of upper body. Observation of the sitting posture was recorded by two video cameras and analyzed by the authors of the study afterwards. After a twelve-week individual practice program the movement control of thoracic spine improved in every subject. The results could be seen as improved control of thoracic area and increased thoracic range of movement. Improved movement control could be observed as increased ability to perform thoracic movements independently instead of lumbar spine compensation. Based on the study, it is possible to impact the movement control of thoracic spine by therapeutic exercises. There was an increase in the rider’s body control and range of movement using UCM and mobility exercises. These impacts could also be seen in sitting posture as better adaption to the horse’s movements and improved symmetry of posture. The results of the study can be used in riders’ additional training and sport physiotherapy. In the future more research is needed about reliability and validity of thoracic UCM tests and about effects of riders’ additional training to mobility, motor control and symmetry

Antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and the molecular epidemiology of methicillin-resistant S-pseudintermedius in small animals in Finland

Objectives: To investigate antimicrobial susceptibility in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and the occurrence of methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius (MRSP), to explore the molecular structure of the MRSP population and to analyse risk factors for MRSP. Methods: Susceptibility data for clinical S. pseudintermedius isolates in 2011-15 were analysed using WHONET. All MRSP isolates in 2010-14 (n = 362) were typed using PFGE. Representative isolates (n = 87) of clusters were analysed using MLST and staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing. Risk factors were analysed using logistic regression. Results: Of the clinical S. pseudintermedius (n-1958; 98% from dogs), 14% were MRSP. Resistance to other antimicrobials varied between 12% and 39%. No trends were observed over time. Among clinical specimens (from infection sites) and screening specimens (from potential carriers), respectively, 2.5% (267/10813) and 9% (211/2434) revealed MRSP. MLST revealed 42 different STs, including 19 new ones. Clonal complexes 71, 45 and 258 were the most common, but the MRSP population diversified over the years. A clinical S. pseudintermedius isolate was more likely to be MRSP if the patient was on antimicrobials at the time of sampling or was male. The presence of MRSP in screening specimens was more likely if the patient was on multiple antimicrobials at the time of sampling. Specimens from private clinics (versus the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the University of Helsinki) had a higher likelihood of MRSP in both analyses. Conclusions: Resistance to antimicrobials among S. pseudintermedius in Finland is high, emphasizing the importance of infection control measures and susceptibility testing prior to therapy. The diverse MRSP population indicates non-clonal spread.Peer reviewe

Where Are Graduates of Select Cuyahoga County’s Higher Ed Schools Going After Graduation?

The U.S. Census has recently partnered with the U.S. Department of Commerce in the creation of the Post-Secondary Employment Outcomes Explorer (PSEO). The PSEO enables localities, such as Cuyahoga County, to track where college graduates of local institutions land after graduation. Why does this matter? In today’s economy, college graduates act as a supply-side factor in the retention and attraction of firms. College graduates, through R&D and entrepreneurship, also act as a demand-side factor in the creation of start-up firms that, in turn, fuel job growth. In Cuyahoga County, the PSEO tracks retention for two public colleges and institutions: Cleveland State University, and Cuyahoga Community College. While the data is incomplete in regards to retention at all local institutions within the county (e.g., CWRU, Baldwin Wallace, etc.), it is the most robust estimates to date as to whether Cuyahoga County graduates at select Cleveland-centric public colleges or universities stay or leave upon graduation

Cleveland’s Talent Landscape

The term “brain drain” implies a region’s talent pool fading out, with the “best and brightest” leaving for greener pastures. Plugging the brain drain has become a cottage industry for consultants and non-profits alike. It is arguably the modus operandi of the new Cleveland Talent Alliance, a consortium of economic development agencies whose goal is to grow the region’s talent pool. “It’s important we measure progress and not just activity,” explains one of its leaders . Measuring progress entails getting a baseline. This Levin Policy Brief—the third in a running series—investigates. The first brief examined Cleveland’s potential to be a hub of healthcare worker training, and the second analyzed mortality rate shifts post-Covid. We move on to talent, or human capital, which is an upstream factor to innovation which, in itself, is an upstream factor to industry composition, firm formation, employment, and income

Where Deaths Are Increasing the Fastest in the U.S.

The findings show that Ohio and Cuyahoga County perform poorly when it comes to mortality rate. Ohio had the 9th highest mortality rate in the nation in 2021. Ohio also had the 8th highest increase in mortality rate from 2019 to 2021. For large counties, Cuyahoga County had the 3rd highest mortality rate in 2021. A few avenues are explored as to why

Can Cleveland Be a Hub of Healthcare Worker Training?

It’s well established that Cleveland’s healthcare industry has transformed its regional economy. This Levin Policy Brief goes beyond looking at how Cleveland’s healthcare industry brings outside money into the region through the export of healthcare services and begins to sketch a picture of how Cleveland’s higher education system can not only play a supportive role in supplying the local labor market pipeline to area hospital systems, it also examines how Cleveland’s higher ed system itself can scale its exportability by investing in care worker training infrastructure so as to serve labor markets outside the region. This analysis proves that the “ingredients” for this economic development “recipe” are there

Pittsburgh v. Cleveland: Winning in Football (Finally), Losing in Economic Development (Still). A Story Told in Graphs.

Since the 2000’s, it’s fair to say Cleveland has had “Pittsburgh envy”. This mostly meant resentment at the success of the city’s football team, the Pittsburgh Steelers. Meanwhile, in economic development circles a new envy was brewing. As Pittsburgh became the posterchild for a “Rust Belt renaissance”, Cleveland, too, wanted in on the re-imaging. Was the want wishful or warranted? This brief analysis investigates