Aesthetic discomfort in hand osteoarthritis: results from the LIège Hand Osteoarthritis Cohort (LIHOC)

Characteristics of patients reporting high (HAD) or low (LAD) (aesthetic discomfort). (DOC 55 kb

Chondrocyte De-Differentiation: Biophysical Cues to Nuclear Alterations

Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) is a cell therapy to repair cartilage defects. In ACI a biopsy is taken from a non-load bearing area of the knee and expanded in-vitro. The expansion process provides the benefit of generating a large number of cells required for implantation; however, during the expansion these cells de-differentiate and lose their chondrocyte phenotype. In this review we focus on examining the de-differentiation phenotype from a mechanobiology and biophysical perspective, highlighting some of the nuclear mechanics and chromatin changes in chondrocytes seen during the expansion process and how this relates to the gene expression profile. We propose that manipulating chondrocyte nuclear architecture and chromatin organization will highlight mechanisms that will help to preserve the chondrocyte phenotype.</jats:p

MR-arthrography and CT-arthrography in sports-related glenolabral injuries: a matched descriptive illustration

The combination of a large range of motion and insufficient bony stabilization makes the glenohumeral joint susceptible to injuries including dislocation in young athletes. Magnetic resonance arthrography (MR-arthrography) and computed tomography arthrography (CT-arthrography) play an important role in the preoperative workup of labroligametous injuries. This paper illustrates MR-arthrography and CT-arthrography findings acquired at the same time on the same subjects to illustrate common causes and sequelae of shoulder instability. Teaching Points • MR-arthrography and CT-arthrography are equivalent for SLAP and full-thickness rotator cuff tears. • CT-arthrography is superior in evaluating osseous defects and cartilage surface lesions. • MR-arthrography is superior in evaluating intrasubstance and extra-articular tendinous injuries

Anterior ankle impingment syndrome is less frequent, but associated with a longer absence and higher re-injury rate compared to posterior syndrome: a prospective cohort study of 6754 male professional soccer players

Purpose To study the epidemiology and return to play characteristics of anterior and posterior ankle impingement syndromes (AAIS and PAIS) over 18 consecutive seasons in male professional soccer players. Methods Between the 2001–2002 and 2018–2019 seasons, 120 European soccer teams were followed prospectively for various seasons. Time loss injuries and player exposures were recorded individually in 6754 unique players. Injury incidence and burden were reported as the number of injuries and days absence per 1000 h with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Injury severity was reported as median absence in days with the interquartile range (IQR). Results Out of 25,462 reported injuries, 93 (0.4%) were diagnosed as AAIS (38%) or PAIS (62%) in 77 players. AAIS and PAIS were similar regarding injury characteristics except for a greater proportion of AAIS having a gradual onset (69% vs.47%; P = 0.03) and being re-injuries (31% vs. 9%; P = 0.01). Impingement syndromes resulted in an overall incidence of 0.03 injuries (95% CI 0.02–0.03) per 1000 h and an injury burden of 0.4 absence days per 1000 h. PAIS incidence was significantly higher than that for AAIS [0.02 (95% CI 0.002–0.03) vs. 0.01 (95% CI 0.005–0.01) injuries per 1000 h (RR = 1.7). The absence was significantly longer in AAIS than in PAIS [10 (22) vs. 6 (11) days; P = 0.023]. Impingement syndromes that presented with a gradual onset had longer absences in comparison to impingement with an acute onset [8 (22) vs. 5 (11) days; P = 0.014]. Match play was associated with a higher incidence and greater injury burden than training: 0.08 vs. 0.02 injuries per 1000 h (RR 4.7), respectively, and 0.9 vs. 0.3 days absence per 1000 h (RR 2.5). Conclusion Ankle injuries are frequent in men’s professional soccer and ankle impingement is increasingly recognized as a common source of pain, limited range of motion, and potential time loss. In our study, ankle impingement was the cause of time loss in less than 0.5% of all injuries. PAIS was more frequently reported than AAIS, but AAIS was associated with more absence days and a higher re-injury rate than PAIS. The findings in this study can assist the physician in best practice management on ankle impingment syndromes in professional football. Level of evidence II.Other Information Published in: Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00167-022-07004-4</p

Foot and Ankle Stress Fractures in Athletics

Stress fractures of the foot and ankle in athletes represent a challenging problem for the orthopedic surgeon, as they are associated with high rates of reoccurrence and long-lasting absence from daily sport activities. In elite sports, stress fractures most commonly occur in the lower extremity. In the event of persistent overload (i.e., mechanical forces exceeding physiological forces), the regenerative and reparative capacities of the involved bone are insufficient to manage the resulting microtrauma. Stress fractures can be subdivided into high-risk (tibial malleolus, navicular, sesamoids, and fifth metatarsal) and low-risk (calcaneus, cuneiform, first metatarsal bone, cuboid) stress fractures. Low- risk stress fractures generally have a high healing propensity when treated conservatively, while high-risk fractures often warrant surgical treatment due to poor healing propensity. The aim of this review is to outline the most common stress fractures of the lower extremity and provide specific guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment, and return to sport in the (elite) track and field athlete

Acute foot and ankle injuries and time return to sport

Foot and ankle sports injuries encompass a wide spectrum of conditions from simple contusions or sprains that resolve within days to more severe injuries that change the trajectory of an athlete’s sporting career. If missed, severe injuries could lead to prolonged absence from the sport and therefore a catastrophic impact on future performance. In this article, we discuss the presentation of the commonest foot and ankle sports injuries and share recent evidence to support an accurate diagnosis and best management practice

Achilles Tendon, Calf, and Peroneal Tendon Injuries

This chapter provides an overview of track and field injuries related to the calf, Achilles tendon, and peroneal tendons, including anatomy, epidemiology, sports dynamics, and physical demands. Moreover, it provides a framework for management of the most common pathologies related to the muscles and tendons of the lower leg