Habitat rural antique de la moyenne montagne corrézienne

Ce programme collectif de recherche part du constat que, globalement, l’habitat rural antique de la moyenne montagne reste largement méconnu. Ce milieu géographique spécifique n’est pas complètement inexploré mais il n’a pu bénéficier de l’essor récent de l’archéologie préventive, particulièrement en milieu rural. La Corrèze apparaît comme un laboratoire d’étude particulièrement propice car le corpus des occupations antiques s’étoffe régulièrement ces dernières années du fait d’une forte acti..

La fin des cultes et des sanctuaires païens urbains en Belgique et en Lyonnaise (iiie s. – début du ve s. apr. J.-⁠C.)

L’étude de l’abandon des sanctuaires en Gaule Belgique et Lyonnaise durant l’Antiquité tardive est complexe. Rares sont les sanctuaires dont les méthodes de fouille ont permis d’observer des éléments matériels précis relatifs à leur abandon et/ou à leur démantèlement. Il est cependant possible de mettre en évidence un large phénomène de démantèlement organisé des grands sanctuaires civiques périurbains entre le milieu du iiie siècle et le milieu du ive siècle. Les sanctuaires de Mithra, quant à eux, ainsi que certains autres sanctuaires, non civiques, connaissent des modalités de fermeture différentes et souvent plus tardives.It is difficult to study the closing down of sanctuaries in Belgica and Lugdunensis during Late Antiquity. Methods of excavation have seldom allowed us to observe specific material elements related to their abandonment and/or dismantling. However, it is possible to highlight a large phenomenon of the organized dismantling of the great periurban civic sanctuaries between the middle of the third and the middle of the fourth century, while sanctuaries of Mithra and some other non civic sanctuaries show different and often later modalities of closing down

Produire chez les Lémovices et dans le Limousin de l’âge du Fer au Moyen Âge : introduction

Après trois journées d’études consacrées aux agglomérations secondaires (Limoges 2012), au rapport entre élites et territoires (Clermont 2013), aux limites des territoires (Limoges 2017), le quatrième volet des « Journées lémovices », portées par Stéphanie Guédon (Université de Limoges), Anne Massoni (Université de Limoges) et Blaise Pichon (UCA) a été intitulé « Produire chez les Lémovices et dans le Limousin de l’âge du Fer au Moyen Âge ». La thématique choisie est large, tant par son ample..

La question des agglomérations secondaires de l’âge du fer au Moyen Âge : les Lémovices et leur territoire

Présentation des n° 33-34 de Siècles. Revue du Centre d’Histoire « Espaces et Cultures », qui réunit les travaux produits lors des journées d’études qui se sont tenues à Limoges les 19 et 20 avril 2012 sur les agglomérations secondaires lémovices

Élites et territoires. Lémovices et Limousins de l’âge du fer au Moyen Âge. Introduction

La journée d’études « Élites et territoire lémovice et limousin de l’âge du fer au Moyen Âge », tenue à Clermont-Ferrand le 19 janvier 2013, poursuit le cycle initié en 2012 sous l’égide du CRIHAM, à l’Université de Limoges. Elle se place dans une double filiation. Elle est tout d’abord motivée par la volonté de contribuer à la dynamique de la recherche historique et archéologique sur l’espace limousin, sur le temps long, du IIe siècle avant J.-C. à la fin de la période médiévale. La rencontr..

Actuarial Analysis of Retirement Income Replacement Ratios

A measure of level of post-retirement standard of living is the replacement ratio, i.e., percentage of final salary received as annual retirement income derived from savings. The replacement ratio depends on many factors including salary, salary increases, investment returns, and post-retirement mortality. Elementary life contingencies techniques are used to develop a replacement ratio formula and analyze its sensitivity to these factors

Custom human endogenous retroviruses dedicated microarray identifies self-induced HERV-W family elements reactivated in testicular cancer upon methylation control

Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are an inherited part of the eukaryotic genomes, and represent ∼400 000 loci in the human genome. Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) can be divided into distinct families, composed of phylogenetically related but structurally heterogeneous elements. The majority of HERVs are silent in most physiological contexts, whereas a significant expression is observed in pathological contexts, such as cancers. Owing to their repetitive nature, few of the active HERV elements have been accurately identified. In addition, there are no criteria defining the active promoters among HERV long-terminal repeats (LTRs). Hence, it is difficult to understand the HERV (de)regulation mechanisms and their implication on the physiopathology of the host. We developed a microarray to specifically detect the LTR-containing transcripts from the HERV-H, HERV-E, HERV-W and HERV-K(HML-2) families. HERV transcriptome was analyzed in the placenta and seven normal/tumoral match-pair samples. We identified six HERV-W loci overexpressed in testicular cancer, including a usually placenta-restricted transcript of ERVWE1. For each locus, specific overexpression was confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR, and comparison of the activity of U3 versus U5 regions suggested a U3-promoted transcription coupled with 5′R initiation. The analysis of DNA from tumoral versus normal tissue revealed that hypomethylation of U3 promoters in tumors is a prerequisite for their activation

Microarray-Based Sketches of the HERV Transcriptome Landscape

Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are spread throughout the genome and their long terminal repeats (LTRs) constitute a wide collection of putative regulatory sequences. Phylogenetic similarities and the profusion of integration sites, two inherent characteristics of transposable elements, make it difficult to study individual locus expression in a large-scale approach, and historically apart from some placental and testis-regulated elements, it was generally accepted that HERVs are silent due to epigenetic control. Herein, we have introduced a generic method aiming to optimally characterize individual loci associated with 25-mer probes by minimizing cross-hybridization risks. We therefore set up a microarray dedicated to a collection of 5,573 HERVs that can reasonably be assigned to a unique genomic position. We obtained a first view of the HERV transcriptome by using a composite panel of 40 normal and 39 tumor samples. The experiment showed that almost one third of the HERV repertoire is indeed transcribed. The HERV transcriptome follows tropism rules, is sensitive to the state of differentiation and, unexpectedly, seems not to correlate with the age of the HERV families. The probeset definition within the U3 and U5 regions was used to assign a function to some LTRs (i.e. promoter or polyA) and revealed that (i) autonomous active LTRs are broadly subjected to operational determinism (ii) the cellular gene density is substantially higher in the surrounding environment of active LTRs compared to silent LTRs and (iii) the configuration of neighboring cellular genes differs between active and silent LTRs, showing an approximately 8 kb zone upstream of promoter LTRs characterized by a drastic reduction in sense cellular genes. These gathered observations are discussed in terms of virus/host adaptive strategies, and together with the methods and tools developed for this purpose, this work paves the way for further HERV transcriptome projects