L’Histoire de l’autre : la guerre civile libanaise dans Littoral de Wajdi Mouawad et Le collier d’Hélène de Carole Fréchette

L’expérience de la guerre, dans Littoral de Wajdi Mouawad et Le collier d’Hélène de Carole Frechette, fonde une altérité radicale qui sépare un(e) protagoniste occidental(e) de personnages rencontrés au Liban. Ces derniers, rescapés du conflit qui a déchiré leur pays, mettent à nu cette altérité à travers le récit qu’ils font de leurs épreuves. Ils provoquent ainsi chez leur interlocuteur occidental une crise qui culminera avec un sentiment de néantisation de son être même comme de son existence. La rencontre, si elle apparaît destructrice dans un premier temps, permettra en définitive au personnage principal de mettre son propre parcours existentiel en perspective.The experience of war related in Wajdi Mouawad's Littoral and Carole Frechette's Le collier d’Hélène gives rise to a form of radical alterity which separates Western protagonists from their Lebanese counterparts. These counterparts, survivors of the conflict which tore apart their country, expose this alterity as they relate the hardships they have suffered. In so doing, they precipitate a state of crisis in the Western characters, which culminates in the feeling of negation of self and of existence. While this meeting may at first seem destructive, it nevertheless allows the Western character to come to a sense of self knowledge with respect to his or her own existential quest

Statistical learning for wind power : a modeling and stability study towards forecasting

We focus on wind power modeling using machine learning techniques. We show on real data provided by the wind energy company Ma{\"i}a Eolis, that parametric models, even following closely the physical equation relating wind production to wind speed are outperformed by intelligent learning algorithms. In particular, the CART-Bagging algorithm gives very stable and promising results. Besides, as a step towards forecast, we quantify the impact of using deteriorated wind measures on the performances. We show also on this application that the default methodology to select a subset of predictors provided in the standard random forest package can be refined, especially when there exists among the predictors one variable which has a major impact

Louis-Philippe Hébert, Le livre des plages

«J’essaie toujours de trouver les contraintes qui me libèreront». Ces paroles de l’écrivaine Nancy Huston, Louis‑Philippe Hébert, poète et informaticien, pourrait aisément les reprendre à son compte car le volumineux recueil de poèmes qu’il nous livre constitue une illustration particulièrement convaincante de la fécondité d’une démarche d’écriture fortement encadrée. Ici, tout part d’un lieu: la plage, univers des vacances de l’enfance de l’auteur, les plages plutôt, puisque la famille Héber..

Paul Chamberland, Terre Québec suivi de L’afficheur hurle et de L’inavouable

Figure importante de la littérature québécoise, Paul Chamberland poursuit une œuvre riche en expérimentations où l’essai alterne avec la poésie. Ses premiers recueils, qui comptent parmi les accomplissements majeurs de la «poésie du pays» des années 1960, ont été réunis en volume en 1985, avant d’être réédités chez Typo. Outre les trois titres mentionnés en couverture, le présent ouvrage comprend une section de poèmes épars écrits entre 1961 et 1964, un dossier bio-bibliographique et critique..

Nathalie Stephens, Je Nathanaël

Qui dit «écho» évoque tout à la fois une identité et un décalage. Or, plus qu’un simple thème présent dans le recueil de N. Stephens, l’écho en constitue le principe structurant. Il informe notamment la relation que le projet poétique de l’auteur entretient avec l’œuvre d’André Gide: en effet, Je Nathanaël se donne à lire comme une parole suscitée par l’intertexte gidien, lequel fait l’objet de références explicites disséminées par tout le volume (et ce, dès le titre). Plus précisément, c’est..

Gaston Miron, Poèmes épars

Explorer les «marges de L’homme rapaillé», œuvre-phare de la littérature québécoise comme de la poésie en langue française, voilà ce à quoi nous convient Marie-Andrée Beaudet et Pierre Nepveu, qui signent la préparation de la présente édition de Poèmes épars. L’ouvrage rassemble les poèmes, la plupart publiés précédemment en revue ou dans des anthologies, qui n’ont pas été intégrés à la «somme» mironienne que constitue L’homme rapaillé. Doté d’un riche appareil critique (qui comporte une sect..

Marie Gagnier, Console-moi

Centré sur la thématique de la douleur qui morcelle et déstructure l’être, Console-moi, troisième roman de M. Gagnier, offre une multitude de portraits et de situations apparemment sans liens entre eux, lesquels s’emboîtent pourtant au fur et à mesure que progresse la narration pour former un tout à la fois complexe et cohérent. L’unité de l’ensemble est construite autour du personnage de Gabriel, jeune homme qui se débat avec une existence étriquée, rendue plus amère encore par la conscience..

First description of in situ chlorophyll fluorescence signal within East Antarctic coastal polynyas during fall and winter

Antarctic coastal polynyas are persistent and recurrent regions of open water located between the coast and the drifting pack-ice. In spring, they are the first polar areas to be exposed to light, leading to the development of phytoplankton blooms, making polynyas potential ecological hotspots in sea-ice regions. Knowledge on polynya oceanography and ecology during winter is limited due to their inaccessibility. This study describes i) the first in situ chlorophyll fluorescence signal (a proxy for chlorophyll-a concentration and thus presence of phytoplankton) in polynyas between the end of summer and winter, ii) assesses whether the signal persists through time and iii) identifies its main oceanographic drivers. The dataset comprises 698 profiles of fluorescence, temperature and salinity recorded by southern elephant seals in 2011, 2019-2021 in the Cape-Darnley (CDP;67˚S-69˚E) and Shackleton (SP;66˚S-95˚E) polynyas between February and September. A significant fluorescence signal was observed until April in both polynyas. An additional signal occurring at 130m depth in August within CDP may result from in situ growth of phytoplankton due to potential adaptation to low irradiance or remnant chlorophyll-a that was advected into the polynya. The decrease and deepening of the fluorescence signal from February to August was accompanied by the deepening of the mixed layer depth and a cooling and salinification of the water column in both polynyas. Using Principal Component Analysis as an exploratory tool, we highlighted previously unsuspected drivers of the fluorescence signal within polynyas. CDP shows clear differences in biological and environmental conditions depending on topographic features with higher fluorescence in warmer and saltier waters on the shelf compared with the continental slope. In SP, near the ice-shelf, a significant fluorescence signal in April below the mixed layer (around 130m depth), was associated with fresher and warmer waters. We hypothesize that this signal could result from potential ice-shelf melting from warm water intrusions onto the shelf leading to iron supply necessary to fuel phytoplankton growth. This study supports that Antarctic coastal polynyas may have a key role for polar ecosystems as biologically active areas throughout the season within the sea-ice region despite inter and intra-polynya differences in environmental conditions

CNS-PNETs with C19MC amplification and/or LIN28 expression comprise a distinct histogenetic diagnostic and therapeutic entity

Amplification of the C19MC oncogenic miRNA cluster and high LIN28 expression has been linked to a distinctly aggressive group of cerebral CNS-PNETs (group 1 CNS-PNETs) arising in young children. In this study, we sought to evaluate the diagnostic specificity of C19MC and LIN28, and the clinical and biological spectra of C19MC amplified and/or LIN28+ CNS-PNETs. We interrogated 450 pediatric brain tumors using FISH and IHC analyses and demonstrate that C19MC alteration is restricted to a sub-group of CNS-PNETs with high LIN28 expression; however, LIN28 immunopositivity was not exclusive to CNS-PNETs but was also detected in a proportion of other malignant pediatric brain tumors including rhabdoid brain tumors and malignant gliomas. C19MC amplified/LIN28+ group 1 CNS-PNETs arose predominantly in children <4 years old; a majority arose in the cerebrum but 24 % (13/54) of tumors had extra-cerebral origins. Notably, group 1 CNS-PNETs encompassed several histologic classes including embryonal tumor with abundant neuropil and true rosettes (ETANTR), medulloepithelioma, ependymoblastoma and CNS-PNETs with variable differentiation. Strikingly, gene expression and methylation profiling analyses revealed a common molecular signature enriched for primitive neural features, high LIN28/LIN28B and DNMT3B expression for all group 1 CNS-PNETs regardless of location or tumor histology. Our collective findings suggest that current known histologic categories of CNS-PNETs which include ETANTRs, medulloepitheliomas, ependymoblastomas in various CNS locations, comprise a common molecular and diagnostic entity and identify inhibitors of the LIN28/let7/PI3K/mTOR axis and DNMT3B as promising therapeutics for this distinct histogenetic entity. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00401-014-1291-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users