Quantifying mangrove leaf area index from Sentinel-2 imagery using hybrid models and active learning

Environmental Biolog

Drug-Related Problems in Coronary Artery Diseases

Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains the leading cause of mortality among cardiovascular diseases, responsible for 16% of the world’s total deaths. According to a statistical report published in 2020, the global prevalence of CAD was estimated at 1655 per 100,000 people and is predicted to exceed 1845 by 2030. Annually, in the United States, CAD accounts for approximately 610,000 deaths and costs more than 200 billion dollars for healthcare services. Most patients with CAD need to be treated over long periods with a combination of drugs. Therefore, the inappropriate use of drugs, or drug-related problems (DRPs), can lead to many consequences that affect these patients’ health, including decreased quality of life, increased hospitalization rates, prolonged hospital stays, increased overall health care costs, and even increased risk of morbidity and mortality. DRPs are common in CAD patients, with a prevalence of over 60%. DRPs must therefore be noticed and recognized by healthcare professionals. This chapter describes common types and determinants of DRPs in CAD patients and recommends interventions to limit their prevalence

ОСОБЕННОСТИ КОНЦЕПЦИИ ОСВОБОЖДЕНИЯ ВО ВЬЕТНАМСКОМ БУДДИЗМЕ

One of the most important concepts of Buddhism is the idea of liberation, on the basis of which Buddhist ethical thought was built. Vietnamese monks defined the concept of liberation in their works and strove to put it into practice during a long historical time. Along with taking the “Noble Eightfold Path” of Mahayana Buddhism as the basis, the unique feature of the idea of liberation of Vietnamese Buddhism is that it is simultaneously influenced byboth Chinese Buddhism and the ideas of Confucianism and Taoism. The authors analyze the concept of liberation in Vietnamese Buddhism bythree main ideas: liberation as a revelation of the Buddha in self-awareness; liberation as self-reflection; release, requiring a positive incarnation in life.Peculiarity of the liberation concept in Vietnamese Buddhism is the spirit of “ unconcern ” (absence of the fear before samsara), unconditional (independence from writings, dogmas, words), embodiments (harmony with life, making people free from sufferings caused by war and acts of nature), “ turn inside ” (looking into the heart in searches of liberation) and “ a direction outside ” (liberation of the people, the country).The Vietnamese Zen-Buddhism asserts, that the way of liberation is an experience of acceptance by each person of absolute truth in the consciousness. The purpose of liberation is the nirvana surpassing all dualistic contradictions. Liberation is the returning to Buddha in the heart. Paying attention to a social origin of suffering, heart of the monk really released only then when people and the country do not suffer any more, do not live in misery.The unique features of the Vietnamese Buddhism in many respects define by synthesizing of three religions values: an idea on renunciation - from Taoism, spiritual practice - from Mahayana Buddhism and spirit of an embodiment through sociopolitical activity - from Confucianism. Whereupon Mahayana Zen-Buddhism keeps the forming role.Одним из важнейших понятий буддизма является идея освобождения, на основе которой строилась буддийская этическая мысль. Концепцию освобождения вьетнамские монахи определяют в своих произведениях и стремятся реализовать на практике в течение длительного исторического времени. Наравне с «Благородным восьмеричным путем» буддизма Махаяны, взятым в качестве основы, уникальной особенностью концепции освобождения во вьетнамском буддизме является то, что на нее одновременно влияют китайский буддизм, идеи конфуцианства и даосизма. В данной статье эта концепция анализируется во вьетнамском буддизме сквозь три основные идеи: освобождение как откровение Будды в самосознании; освобождение как саморефлексия; освобождение, требующее позитивного воплощения в жизни. Особенность концепции освобождения вьетнамского буддизма - дух «безразличия» (отсутствие страха перед сансарой), безусловности (независимость от писаний, догм, слов), воплощения (гармония с жизнью, освобождение народа от страданий, вызванных войной и стихийными бедствиями), «поворот внутрь» (обращенность к сердцу в поисках освобождения) и «направление вовне» (освобождение народа, страны). Вьетнамский дзен-буддизм утверждает, что путь освобождения - это опыт принятия каждым человеком абсолютной истины в своем самосознании. Целью освобождения является нирвана, превосходящая все дуалистические противоречия. Освобождение - это возвращение к Будде в своем сердце. Обращая внимание на социальное происхождение страдания, сердце монаха по-настоящему освобождается только тогда, когда народ и страна больше не страдают, не бедствуют. Уникальные особенности вьетнамского буддизма во многом определяются синтезированием ценности трех религий: мысль об отречении - из даосизма, духовная практика - из буддизма Махаяны, дух воплощения через социально-политическую деятельность - из конфуцианства. При этом за дзен-буддизмом Махаяны сохраняется образующая роль

Emergence of New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase 1 and other carbapenemase-producing Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii complex among patients in hospitals in Ha Noi, Viet Nam

Contains fulltext : 170312.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)Acinetobacter baumannii is an important cause of multidrug-resistant hospital acquired infections in the world. Here, we investigate the presence of NDM-1 and other carbapenemases among carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii isolated between August 2010 and December 2014 from three large hospitals in Hanoi, Vietnam. We identified 23/582 isolates (4 %) (11 from hospital A, five from hospital B, and seven from hospital C) that were NDM-1 positive, and among them 18 carried additional carbapenemase genes, including seven isolates carrying NDM-1, IMP-1, and OXA-58 with high MICs for carbapenems. Genotyping indicated that NDM-1 carrying A. baumannii have expanded clonally in these hospitals. Five new STs (ST1135, ST1136, ST1137, ST1138, and ST1139) were identified. One isolate carried NDM-1 on a plasmid belonging to the N-repA replicon type; no NDM-1-positive plasmids were identified in the other isolates. We have shown the extent of the carbapenem resistance and the local clonal spread of A. baumannii carrying NDM-1 in these hospitals; coexistence of NDM-1 and IMP-1 is reported for the first time from Vietnam here, and this will further seriously limit future therapeutic options

Novel podands containing N-arylthiosemicarbazide moiety

Six novel biological active podands based on N-arylthiosemicarbazide were synthesized from 1,5-bis(2-formylphenoxy)-3-oxapentane or 1,8-bis-(2-formylphenoxy)-3,6-dioxaoctane. All podands have tested cytotoxicity on human cancer cell lines RL, MCF7, RD, and HepG2 and antimicrobial activity. © ISUCT Publishing

Synthesis and cytotoxicity of dibenzo[(γ-aryl)pyridino]aza-17-crown-5 ethers

For the development of new anticancer agents, dibenzo[(γ-aryl)pyridino]aza-17-crown-5 ethers containing 2,4,6-triarylpyridine were synthesized successfully by one-step domino-condensation of 1,8-bis(2-acetylphenoxy)-3,6-dioxaoctane, arylaldehydes and ammonium acetate according to the conditions of Hantzsch reactions. The synthesized γ-arylpyridine derivatives show high cytotoxic activity against human cancer cell lines: Hep-G2, RD, FL, Lu1. Compounds (3b,c) showed significant cytotoxicity against all four human cell lines whereas the similar synthesized compound (3d) possessed cytotoxicity against HepG2, Lu1 and RD cell lines. Meantime, both compounds (3f,g) containing γ-heteroaryl only exhibited cytotoxicity against RD and FL cell lines. Azacrown ethers (3b-d) exhibited low activity on the Vero cell line, meaning that they can be evaluated for their potential as promising anticancer agents. X-Ray structure study was performed to determine the structure of the representative compound 3a. © ISUCT Publishing

Development and implementation of a locally produced ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF) in Vietnam

Background. In Vietnam, malnutrition remains a public health problem, even though much progress has been made in the last decades. The number of cases of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is more than 200,000 per year. To accelerate the treatment of SAM, community-based treatment with ready-to-use-therapeutic foods (RUTFs) is preferred. However, a locally available and acceptable RUTF for the treatment of SAM was lacking. Objective. In a joint effort by the National Institute of Nutrition, UNICEF, and the Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, a local RUTF was developed and tested. Methods. The product was optimalized for impact and acceptability. At the same time, capacity for the Integrated Management of Acute Malnutrition (IMAM) was developed. Results. The local product was found to be highly acceptable and effective. After training of health staff, the product could be introduced in the IMAM program. Conclusions. The IMAM program was highly successful in treating children with SAM, with more than 90% of the children recovering. Production capacity of the factory is currently being increased to enable up-scaling of the IMAM program and potential export of the product to countries in the region

Synthesis of tetrakisbenzo-31(34)-crown-7(8) ethers

Condensations of 1,5-bis(2-formylphenoxy)-3-oxapentane (1a) or 1,8-bis(2-formylphenoxy)-3,6-dioxanoctane (1b) podands and 1,8-bis(2-acetylphenoxy)-3,6-dioxanoctane (2) gave two novel crown ethers: tetrakis-(benzo)-31-crown-7 ether (5) and tetrakis(benzo)-34-crown-8 ether (6). Their molecular structures were established by IR, NMR and MS methods. © ISUCT Publishing