4,087 research outputs found

    The myth of Mr Burke and Mr Watt: for want of a champion!

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    Edmund Burke, one of England's great thinkers and orators of the eighteenth century, has been lauded as a champion of the anti-intellectual-property movement by scholars past and present. This reputation arises largely through his opposition to James Watt's Fire Engine Act 1775. However, the article examines the contemporary evidence and challenges this dominant interpretation, showing that Burke's views were actually very much in favour of granting monopolies to inventors as well as authors

    ECONOMIC IMPACT OF THE DEPLETION OF THE OGALLALA AQUIFER: A CASE STUDY OF THE SOUTHERN HIGH PLAINS OF TEXAS

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    Dynamic optimization and input-output models were used to estimate the impacts of depletion of the Ogallala aquifer in the Texas Southern High Plains. It was found that cropping patterns would shift toward water efficient crops and dryland production; and regional economic activity is likely to be adversely affected.Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,

    A Ground Water Quality Summary for Alaska: a Termination Report

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    The expanding economic activity throughout the State of Alaska has created an urgent demand for water resource data. Ground water quality information is of particular interest since this is the most used source for domestic and industrial supplies. Many agencies and individuals have accumulated large quantities of data but their value has been marginal due to a lack of distribution to potential users. It was the original intent of the work reported herein to gather, collate, and publish all ground water quality data available in the files of university, state, and federal laboratories. Soon after the inception of the project the major contributor, the U.S. Geological Survey, found it was administratively impossible to contribute either the monies or the data necessary to accomplish the ultimate goals of the project -- An Atlas on Alaskan Ground Water Qualities. At the time the above decision was made the Institute felt too much information was on hand to allow it to lay fallow. Therefore, this report was prepared, In a more limited scope than originally planned, to fill the need for a readily available source of information.The work upon which this report is based was supported by funds provided by the U.S. Department of the Interior, Office of Water Resources Research, Project Number A-024-ALAS and Agreement Number 14-01-0001-1070

    Is It Time for a Treaty on Information Warfare?

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    Petrology and Geochemistry of the Pompton Pink Granite, New Jersey Highlands

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    The Pompton Pink Granite is a small (~1 km2), post-orogenic granitoid body located in the New Jersey Highlands. It is a mildly peraluminous (ASI or aluminum saturation index, A/CNK = molar Al2O₃ / (CaO + Na₂O + K₂O) \u3e 1.0) pluton composed of microcline, microperthite, quartz, oligoclase, epidote, biotite, and magnetite and is classified as a granite based on its mineral and geochemical composition using standard IUGS classification schemes. The Pompton Pink Granite shows similar major-element geochemistry to other A-type granitoids found in the New Jersey Highlands, but its trace­ element geochemistry distinguishes it from these other suites. The Pompton Pink Granite\u27s high SiO₂ (72-74.5 wt%), total alkali (K₂O + Na₂O) \u3e 9 wt%, K₂O/Na₂O ratio (2.0-3.1), Ba/Sr (3.3-7.3), FeOt/ (FeOt + MgO) (0.78 to 0.91), low CaO (0.6-1.3 wt%) and low Cr, Ni (\u3c 8 ppm) are consistent with an A-type granite affinity, however the depletion in high-field-strength elements (HFSE) (Y + Nb \u3c 6 ppm), Ga (\u3c 17 ppm), relatively low total abundance of rare-earth-elements (REE) (43 to 464 ppm), and strong positive europium anomalies (Eu/Eu*= 1.5 to 11.8; only one sample, PPGl 1, has Eu/Eu* = 0.8) are distinctly different from typical A-type granites. The smooth variation and negative correlation between total REE content and positive Eu/Eu* is interpreted to be the result of variable loss of melt from a granitic crystal-liquid mush after emplacement as small, lense-shaped pods by a filter pressing and/or compaction process. One sample (PPG11) is considered to be the closest representative to the parental magma for the rest of the Pompton Pink Granite based on its high total REE content and small negative Eu anomaly. This sample has the strongest A-type geochemical affinity, but still retains a HFSE depleted signature, and thus it can be theorized that rocks similar to the calc-alkaline Losee Metamorphic Suite may have partially melted to produce the Pompton Pink Granite after the end of the main pulse of the Ottawan Orogeny

    Private International Law, Intellectual Property and the Internet

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    PhDIntellectual property is a territorial right; yet despite this there are a number of international treaties mandating standards. Historically, this has allowed private international law and intellectual Property to ignore each other. With the advent of the Internet this benign neglect has not only ended, but there has been a flood of new ideas on reconciling the territoriality of intellectual property with the global nature of the Internet. These new approaches attempt to deal with the problems associated with international intellectual property litigation - the uncertainty of which law applies, multiplicity of claims andforum shopping - each of which increases the cost for both users and proprietors of intellectual property. This thesis examines these approaches, using wealth maximisation and economic efficiency, and determines that none of themfits within the constructs of an efficient solution. However, the proposalfor a single applicable law, enabling consolidation, is seized upon as efficient. It then follows that the principle of consensual exchange, enabling private parties to agree which court has jurisdiction and which law applies (rather than States mandating these matters), is the efficient solution to the selection problem. This consensual exchange proposal contains two paradigms - the bilateral and the unilateral - which in turn are broken down into ten propositions. The bilateral paradigm permits parties to select not only the jurisdiction to adjudicate the dispute, but also the universal applicable law. The unilateral Paradigm uses the doctrine actor sequitur forum rei, with the universal applicable law being selected ex ante by the proprietor. Finally the propositions are placed within the context of international, regional and domestic law (of the four target jurisdictions: England and Wales, the United States, France and Germany) and questions of compatibility are assessed

    Seasons in hell: Charles S. Johnson and the 1930 Liberian Labor Crisis

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    In 1930, African American sociologist Charles S. Johnson of Fisk University traveled to the Republic of Liberia as the American member of a League of Nations commission to investigate allegations of slavery and forced labor in that West African nation. In the previous five years, the face of Liberia had changed after the large-scale development of rubber plantations on land leased by the Firestone Tire and Rubber Company, with headquarters in Akron, Ohio. Political turmoil greeted Johnson in Liberia, an underdeveloped nation teetering on the brink of economic collapse. This dissertation focuses on Johnson’s role as the key member of the League of Nations Commission of Inquiry, and examines events leading up to the investigation. Also touched upon are the life and career of Harvey S. Firestone, the history of the rubber and automobile industries, and Liberia’s relationship with the U. S. Department of State. Central to this dissertation, however, is Charles Johnson, an important and underappreciated figure in African American history. Johnson’s diplomatic approach to race relations in the United States earned him respect from philanthropic foundations that funded his research projects, but also led to criticism and jealousy from his black colleagues and peers. Because Johnson guarded his privacy so closely and left behind little in the way of personal information, the journal that he kept for six months in Liberia becomes all the more important as a clue to his inner thoughts and feelings, as well as a guide to his personality and character. Furthermore, Liberia shaped Johnson’s thinking as a scholar in important ways, particularly in regard to the economic foundations of exploitation, caste and class, and political disfranchisement. Johnson’s mission to Liberia and his spirited defense of that nation’s tribal citizens, as this study shows, suggests a more complicated and assertive individual that contrasts with the largely one dimensional image of him that has metastasized over the years. Indeed, Johnson was one of the few African Americans who showed any interest in the welfare of Liberia’s indigenous tribes. In that regard, he was a maverick, overlooked and underestimated

    Arrest: The Decision to Take a Suspect Into Custody. By Wayne R. LaFave.

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    Professor LaFave and his associates have prepared a thorough study of local arrest policies and practices in Michigan, Wisconsin, and Kansas during the years 1956 and 1957. The purpose is to identify and describe those aspects of arrest practice which seem to us most significant… (p. xix)
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