Chondrodystrophia foetalis in the foetus and the infant

1. Two definite varieties of chondrodystrophia foetalis can be recognised clinically as well as microscopically. 2. It is a general disease, affecting many tissues but mainly those parts of the skeleton developed in cartilage. 3. A definite diagnosis can always.be made with the aid of X-rays. 4. The disease is present before ossification commences in any given bone and results in defective preparation for ossification in cartilage, causing a deficient attraction of true bone-forming cells. 5. It is highly probable that softness i of the skeleton due to disease affecting the cartilage, enables mechanical influences, most likely pressure of the amnion, to cause the deformities of achondroplasia. 6. The knowledge we possess of the metabolic influence of the pituitary and sexual glands points to an abnormal function of either or both of these structures as the most likely agent to cause the disturbance in the cartilage and elsewhere

TELAAH KEWENANGAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI

Based on the amendment of UUD 1945 the position of state organizations is placed based on the spirit of constitution reformation. It is the form of maintenance on differentiates principal / authority divisions, checks and balance systems to the constitutional process. The Constitutional Court that is one of the highest judgmental institutions has a series of duties and authority will colour the state structure systems of Indonesia

TENNESSEE WILLIAMS: THE CHARACTERS ARE THE PLAYWRIGHT

Tennessee Williams was first and foremost a personage of the South, having been born, raised, and nurtured in the Mississippi Delta country. His early influences formed the concept of his “American Theatre.” He was a keen observer of people and places and wrote about the individuals he studied. He espoused the idea that as a homosexual he had the innate capability to write and appreciate various genders and sexualities, expressing himself as the character being developed in the moment of creation. Williams’s works, though containing moments of great humor, often trend toward darkness, becoming ever more pessimistic of human survival as he aged. Chapter 1: Biography contains a survey of the life of Williams, from the triumphs and catastrophes of his youth, through success, and into the psychological re-examination of his life through the help of Freudian psychologist Lawrence Kubie. Chapter 2: Character Development through Androgyny/Genderfluidity explores character development in A Streetcar Named Desire, Summer and Smoke, Something Unspoken, and Tell Sad Stories of the Death of Queens through the lens of Queer and 3rd Stage Gender Theory. Chapter 3: Expressionism in Williams’s American Theatre walks through the evolution of Williams’s use of expressionistic techniques from early works through his middle period, analyzing Mooney’s Kid Don’t Cry, The Dark Room, Not About Nightingales, Camino Real, The Glass Menagerie, Suddenly Last Summer, and wrapping with The Two Character Play. Chapter 4: Spirit and the Flesh dives into the homosexual economy in the plantation environment of Cat on a Hot Tin Roof. Chapter 5: A Last Late Look into Williams’s Experimental Apocalyptic Expressionism shows the end progression of Williams’s slide into apocalypticism through The Three Plays for a Lyric Theatre: The Youthfully Departed, Now the Cats with the Jeweled Claws, and A Cavalier for Milady. Chapter 6: Music as a Methodology Toward Truth in the Literary Canon of Tennessee Williams plays with the many ways in which Williams embraced the music of his day, especially works by blues and jazz musicians, incorporating styles and themes into his works and cites specific examples in Fugitive Kind, The Glass Menagerie, and A Streetcar Named Desire. Finally, the Appendix contains a dramaturgical work-up of the play Summer and Smoke, created by Peter Philips

Role of metal-dependent regulation of ESX-3 secretion in intracellular survival of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

More people die every year from Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection than from infection by any other bacterial pathogen. Type VII secretion systems (T7SS) are used by both environmental and pathogenic mycobacteria to secrete proteins across their complex cell envelope. In the nonpathogen Mycobacterium smegmatis, the ESX-1 T7SS plays a role in conjugation, and the ESX-3 T7SS is involved in metal homeostasis. In M. tuberculosis, these secretion systems have taken on roles in virulence, and they also are targets of the host immune response. ESX-3 secretes a heterodimer composed of EsxG (TB9.8) and EsxH (TB10.4), which impairs phagosome maturation in macrophages and is essential for virulence in mice. Given the importance of EsxG and EsxH during infection, we examined their regulation. With M. tuberculosis, the secretion of EsxG and EsxH was regulated in response to iron and zinc, in accordance with the previously described transcriptional response of the esx-3 locus to these metals. While iron regulated the esx-3 expression in both M. tuberculosis and M. smegmatis, there is a significant difference in the dynamics of this regulation. In M. smegmatis, the esx-3 locus behaved like other iron-regulated genes such as mbtB. In M. tuberculosis, both iron and zinc modestly repressed esx-3 expression. Diminished secretion of EsxG and EsxH in response to these metals altered the interaction of M. tuberculosis with macrophages, leading to impaired intracellular M. tuberculosis survival. Our findings detail the regulatory differences of esx-3 in M. tuberculosis and M. smegmatis and demonstrate the importance of metal-dependent regulation of ESX-3 for virulence in M. tuberculosis

Toxic Anterior Segment Syndrome after Foldable Artiflex Iris-Fixated Phakic Intraocular Lens Implantation

Toxic anterior segment syndrome (TASS) developed in four cases after uneventful implantation of a foldable iris-fixated phakic intraocular lens (pIOL). Two cases occurred sequentially in one patient. The TASS subsided without complications in all cases after intensive topical steroid treatment. A multitude of possible causes is considered for the occurrence of these TASS cases. From the sterilization and cleaning of surgical instruments to the possibility of endotoxines in ophthalmic viscosurgical devices (OVD). These rare cases should alert the surgeon to the possibility of TASS after pIOL implantation

Predictors of Sustainable Energy Technology Adoption Behavior in South-Western Nigeria

This study focuses on the predictors of sustainable energy technology (SET) adoption behavior in south-western Nigeria. Although the extant literature is gorged with plethora of studies on sustainable energy technology adoption, studies that were conducted in a typical emerging economy like Nigeria in general and south-west Nigeria in particular are grossly under-researched and under-reported. The main objective of this study is to empirically investigate the predicting factors that influence the adoption of sustainable energy technology in south-western Nigeria. Based on the foregoing, the study adopted quantitative design and quota sampling as the research design and sampling method respectively. Questionnaire was the research instrument. The validity and the reliability of the research instrument were tested using construct validity and composite validity respectively. Hypothesized relationships were tested using structural equation modeling. It was found that performance expectancy, perceived value and effort expectancy have significant effect on the intention to adopt sustainable energy technology, while social influence, facilitating condition and intrinsic motivation do not. Also, it was revealed that there is a positive and significant relationship between intention to adopt sustainable energy technology and the actual adoption of sustainable energy technology. It was concluded that the study provided empirical support that Unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) provides a robust and comprehensive theoretical framework to predict, explain and describe sustainable energy technology adoption behaviour in a typical developing country context like Nigeria. The marketers of SET products should use price as their unique selling proposition to attract customers. Also, the quality of the SET products should conform with the expected performance of the product. Also, the SET marketers should endeavour that expected efforts of the prospective SET products consumers are met adequately since social influence, facilitating conditions and intrinsic motivation did not have significant effect on adoption intentions for SET. Keywords: Sustainable energy technology, Adoption behavior, Intention to adopt, Unified theory of acceptance and use technology, Structural equation modeling, Nigeria. DOI: 10.7176/JESD/11-8-07 Publication date: April 30th 202

Active Traffic Management Sign Comprehension

Active traffic management (ATM) strategies are being deployed in the United States to deliver additional information to drivers. Per lane variable speed limit and lane control signs are being deployed along with dynamic message signs that display warning and other motorist information. The Manual of Uniformed Traffic Control Devices currently does not provide guidelines or standards for these signs. The present research is the first in a series of studies aimed at providing data that can be used to develop guidelines and standards. This study used laboratory procedures to examine comprehension and preference for various variable speed limit and lane control sign messages. The results indicate that while participants sometimes make errors interpreting some advisory messages, they generally correctly interpreted the lane control and speed limit ATM signs

Refractive errors in presbyopic patients in Kano, Nigeria

Background: The study is a retrospective review of the pattern of refractive errors in presbyopic patients seen in the eye clinic from January to December, 2009.Patients and Methods: The clinic refraction register was used to retrieve the case folders of all patients refracted during the review period. Information extracted includes patient’s age, sex, and types of refractive error. Unaidedand pin hole visual acuity was done with Snellen’s or “E” Charts and near vision with Jaeger’s chart in English or Hausa. All patients had basic eye examination and streak retinoscopy at two third meter working distance. The final subjective refractive correction given to the patients was used to categorize the type of refractive error.Results: There were 5893 patients, 1584 had refractive error and 644 were presbyopic. There were 289 males and 355 females (M:F= 1:1.2). Presbyopia accounted for 10.9% of clinic attendance and 40% of patients with refractive error. Presbyopia was seen in 17%, the remaining 83% required distance correction; astigmatism was seen in 41%, hypermetropia 29%, myopia 9% and aphakia 4%. Refractive error was commoner in females than males and the relationship was statistically significant (P-value = 0.017; P < 0.05 considered significant).Conclusion: Presbyopia is common and most of the patients had other refractive errors. Full refraction is advised for all patients.Keywords: Presbyopia, pattern, correctio