Kyrle Disease and Acquired Perforating Collagenosis Secondary to Chronic Renal Failure and Diabetes Mellitus

A 59-year-old man with chronic renal failure and diabetes mellitus presented with pruritic crusted lesions which histologically were perforating disorders, showing features of both Kyrle disease and acquired perforating collagenosis. The mechanisms of transepidermal elimination and the classification of perforating disorders are briefly discussed. Additionally, we question the concept of perforation, as epidermal damage and exposure of subepidermal substances may artificially present as perforation

Impact of a Glycolic Acid-Containing pH 4 Water-in-Oil Emulsion on Skin pH

The skin pH is crucial for physiological skin functions. A decline in stratum corneum acidity, as observed in aged or diseased skin, may negatively affect physiological skin functions. Therefore, glycolic acid-containing water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions adjusted to pH 4 were investigated regarding their effect on normal or increased skin pH. A pH 4 W/O emulsion was applied on three areas with pathologically increased skin surface pH in diabetics (n = 10). Further, a 28-day half-side trial (n = 30) was performed to test the long-term efficacy and safety of a pH 4 W/O emulsion (n = 30). In summary, the application of a pH 4 W/O emulsion reduced the skin pH in healthy, elderly and diabetic subjects, which may improve epidermal barrier functions

Review Intense Pulsed Light (IPL): A Review

Background: Intense pulsed light (IPL) devices use flashlamps and bandpass filters to emit polychromatic incoherent high-intensity pulsed light of determined wavelength spectrum, fluence, and pulse duration. Similar to lasers, the basic principle of IPL devices is a more or less selective thermal damage of the target. The combination of prescribed wavelengths, fluences, pulse durations, and pulse intervals facilitates the treatment of a wide spectrum of skin conditions. Objective: To summarize the physics of IPL, to provide guidance for the practical use of IPL devices, and to discuss the current literature on IPL in the treatment of unwanted hair growth, vascular lesions, pigmented lesions, acne vulgaris, and photodamaged skin and as a light source for PDT and skin rejuvenation. Methods: A systematic search of several electronic databases, including Medline and PubMed and the authors experience on intense pulsed light. Results: Numerous trials show the effectiveness and compatibility of IPL devices. Conclusion: Most comparative trials attest IPLs similar effectiveness to lasers (level of evidence: 2b to 4, depending on the indication). However, large controlled and blinded comparative trials with an extended follow-up period are necessary. Lasers Surg. Med. 42:93-104, 2010

The Impact of 10% α-Hydroxy Acid Emulsion on Skin pH

Background/Aims: The effects of a 10% α-hydroxy acid (AHA) oil/water (O/W) emulsion on the pH of human skin surface (pHss) and stratum corneum (SC; pHsc) were evaluated in vivo. Methods: The AHA O/W emulsion was applied to an area on the volar forearm of male volunteers (n = 12), and then wiped off after 10 min. Prior to application and over the following 3 h, the pHss was measured. We used glass electrode measurements and time domain dual lifetime referencing (tdDLR) with luminescent sensor foils. In another experiment (n = 5), the impact of the AHA O/W emulsion on the pHsc gradient was measured by tape stripping of the SC of the volar forearm after application of the AHA O/W emulsion. Results: Compared with pHss values prior to treatment [5.2 ± 1.7 (tdDLR) or 4.8 ± 0.5 (electrode)], the pHss was significantly reduced 10 min after application [4.0 ± 0.3 (tdDLR) or 4.1 ± 0.1 (electrode)] and the pHss remained significantly reduced over the measurement period of 3 h [after 3 h: 4.4 ± 0.2 (tdDLR) or 4.5 ± 0.3 (electrode)]. The AHA O/W emulsion significantly reduced the pHsc even down to deep layers of the SC. Conclusion: After a 10-min application time, the 10% AHA O/W emulsion reduces the pHss (for at least 3 h) and pHsc in deep layers of the SC

Impact of Age and Body Site on Adult Female Skin Surface pH

Background: pH is known as an important parameter in epidermal barrier function and homeostasis. Aim: The impact of age and body site on skin surface pH (pH(SS)) of women was evaluated in vivo. Methods: Time domain dual lifetime referencing with luminescent sensor foils was used for pH(SS) measurements. pH(SS) was measured on the forehead, the temple, and the volar forearm of adult females (n = 97, 52.87 +/- 18.58 years, 20-97 years). Every single measurement contained 2,500 pH values due to the luminescence imaging technique used. Results: pH(SS) slightly increases with age on all three investigated body sites. There are no significant differences in pH(SS) between the three investigated body sites. Conclusion: Adult pH(SS) on the forehead, the temple and the volar forearm increases slightly with age. This knowledge is crucial for adapting medical skin care products. Copyright (C) 2012 S. Karger AG, Base

Дослідження структури порушених відкритою розробкою земель й пошук шляхів вдосконалення рекультивації залишкових виробок кар'єрів

Стаття присвячена дослідженням структури порушених земель, на ділянках з видобутку корисних копалин відкритим способом. Наведено площі порушень земель при розробці основних видів корисних копалин. Проаналізовано ризики, що виникають із несвоєчасною рекультивацією земель гірничого відводу, а також від покинутих гірничих виробок старих кар'єрів. Паралельно розглянуті обсяги відходів гірничого виробництва та їх повторне використання в якості заповнювача для залишкових вироблених просторів кар'єрів.The article is devoted to the research of land violation indicators at the extraction of minerals by surface mining method. Data gives about the land violations area at the mining key minerals. Ana-lyzed the risks from the not-on-time reclamation of the mining clam and abandoned excavations of the old quarries. In parallel considered the volumes of mining wastes and their reuse as aggregate for filling residual spaces of surface mines.Статья посвящена исследованиям площадей нарушения земель, связанных с добычей полезных ископаемых открытым способом. Приведены площади нарушений земель при разработке основных видов полезных ископаемых. Проанализированы риски, представляемые несвоевременной рекультивацией земель горного отвода, а также заброшенными горными выработками старых карьеров. Параллельно рассмотрены объемы отходов горного производства и их повторное использование в качестве заполнителя для остаточных выработанных пространств карьеров

Darstellung genetischer Heterogenität und genetischer Instabilität in malignen Melanomen mittels Mikrodissektion und Mikrosatelliten-PCR

A salient feature of malignant melanoma is the histological polymorphism, what seems to be caused by a high rate of mutation of the melanoma cells. This genetic instability appears to be one reason for the immense malignancy and therapy resistance of malignant melanoma. In this study the genetic instability of malignant melanoma is shown. Primary tumors and metastasis of eight melanoma patients were examined histologically. By microdissection of pleomorph tumor cell nests, 92 tumor probes could be isolated. They were investigated microbiologically by microsatellite-PCR and TG-SSCP-analysis. The microdissection and the subsequent genetic analysis of microdissected tumor cell nests have be established and evaluated as a new technique. It could be shown, that the analysis of microsatellite-DNA emanated from microdissected tumors allows the detection of mutations in microsatellite-DNA and thus the detection of genetic heterogeneity. Furthermore it could be shown, that the analysis of microsatellite-DNA is significantly more exact using microdissected tumors as compared to non-microdissected tumors. It could be demonstrated, that tumors of the malignant melanoma show a distinct phenotypical and genotypical heterogeneity in terms of both microsatellite instability and chromosomal instability. These results make clear, that an exact and reliable statement concerning the genetic heterogeneity and the mechanisms of tumor instability can only be provided by the analysis of multiple microdissected tumor cell nests. Both factors, the genetic heterogeneity as well as the genetic instability can have an immense impact on the prognosis and therapeutical response of tumors. To verify and to concretise this statement further standardised studies in terms of microsatellite analysis of microdissected tumors has to be performed

Darstellung genetischer Heterogenität und genetischer Instabilität in malignen Melanomen mittels Mikrodissektion und Mikrosatelliten-PCR

A salient feature of malignant melanoma is the histological polymorphism, what seems to be caused by a high rate of mutation of the melanoma cells. This genetic instability appears to be one reason for the immense malignancy and therapy resistance of malignant melanoma. In this study the genetic instability of malignant melanoma is shown. Primary tumors and metastasis of eight melanoma patients were examined histologically. By microdissection of pleomorph tumor cell nests, 92 tumor probes could be isolated. They were investigated microbiologically by microsatellite-PCR and TG-SSCP-analysis. The microdissection and the subsequent genetic analysis of microdissected tumor cell nests have be established and evaluated as a new technique. It could be shown, that the analysis of microsatellite-DNA emanated from microdissected tumors allows the detection of mutations in microsatellite-DNA and thus the detection of genetic heterogeneity. Furthermore it could be shown, that the analysis of microsatellite-DNA is significantly more exact using microdissected tumors as compared to non-microdissected tumors. It could be demonstrated, that tumors of the malignant melanoma show a distinct phenotypical and genotypical heterogeneity in terms of both microsatellite instability and chromosomal instability. These results make clear, that an exact and reliable statement concerning the genetic heterogeneity and the mechanisms of tumor instability can only be provided by the analysis of multiple microdissected tumor cell nests. Both factors, the genetic heterogeneity as well as the genetic instability can have an immense impact on the prognosis and therapeutical response of tumors. To verify and to concretise this statement further standardised studies in terms of microsatellite analysis of microdissected tumors has to be performed