AN INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF BOATS OF CENTRAL VIETNAM

Despite a growing academic literature on maritime trade, shipping and navigation in the South China Sea, there is little information about how local societies negotiated their maritime environment, or how it influenced their daily life. This is most particularly the case for Vietnam, often considered through its history as an agrarian state. Nonetheless, with a coastline of over 3400 km located along a major shipping route between Malacca and China, Vietnam has a long lasting historical connection with its maritime environment and an exceptional boat diversity. Yet again, little is known about local boatbuilding traditions, boat use, seafaring skills and navigation, related maritime activities, about the organisation and role of the many harbours that dotted the coast of central Vietnam.As a step in the development of maritime archaeology in Vietnam, a combined approach in the research of archives and ethnography can contribute to build up knowledge about maritime aspects of life in Vietnam, and can also provide context and understanding for potential maritime archaeological finds. At the same time it can push the boundaries of maritime archaeologists to incite research that goes beyond nautical technology

Evaluation of Lymphoproliferative Disease and Increased Risk of Lymphoma in Activated Phosphoinositide 3 Kinase Delta Syndrome: A Case Report With Discussion

Activated phosphoionositide-3 kinase delta syndrome (APDS) is a rare disorder caused by activating mutations in phosphoionositide 3-kinase delta (PI3Kδ). This syndrome usually presents in childhood with recurrent sinopulmonary infections and immune deficiency as is seen in the case discussed in this report. Patients with APDS also experience other complications including lymphoid hyperplasia, autoimmunity, increased susceptibility to herpes viruses, especially Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus, and an increased incidence of B-cell lymphoma. The clinical implications for lymphoid hyperplasia and lymphoma are profound and frequently, it is challenging to distinguish between the two. This case report is of a young girl with a mutation in PIK3CD, the gene encoding the catalytic subunit of PI3Kδ, who presents with asymmetrical cervical lymphadenopathy and parotid swelling. After little improvement in lymphadenopathy on antibiotics, an excisional biopsy of a cervical lymph node was obtained which was initially concerning for lymphoma. This case recounts the clinical decisions made to evaluate this lymphadenopathy and concern for malignancy due to the increased incidence of B-cell lymphoma in this population. It was concluded after careful evaluation of her lymph node histology and cytometry, bone marrow biopsy, and CSF studies that her findings were consistent with lymphoid hyperplasia and not lymphoma and she was treated with rituximab. This case highlights the many comorbidities present in patients with this disease and the current treatments for complications in patients with APDS, including new targeted therapies

A nitrogen-doped carbon-coated silicon carbide as a robust and highly efficient metal-free catalyst for sour gas desulfurization in the presence of aromatics as contaminants

A mesoporous N-doped carbon coating for SiC extrudates shows excellent H2S desulfurization performance along with remarkably high resistance towards deactivation/fouling in the presence of aromatics as contaminant

Microtomography-based numerical simulations of heat transfer and fluid flow through β-SiC open-cell foams for catalysis

β-SiC open-cell foams are promising materials for catalytic supports with improved heat and mass transfer at moderate pressure drops. In this work, 3-dimensional (3D) models of a 30 ppi (pores per inch) β-SiC open-cell foam were generated using X-ray microtomography data. The resulting foam models were then used for finite element analysis (FEA) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of heat transfer and fluid flow on the pore-scale. The FEA results demonstrate that (i) the overall effective thermal conductivity from direct simulations is comparable to the results estimated by experimental measurement, and are in the order of 10−1 W m−1 K−1 and (ii) thermal transport through fluid-saturated β-SiC foams depends on the solid-to-fluid conductivity ratio. By employing realistic foam models, pore-scale CFD simulations of fluid flows revealed the microscopic characteristics of laminar flow through open-cell foams. The anisotropic feature of realistic foam models promotes the axial and radial mixing of fluids in and after the foam element. The diffusion coefficient of laminar flow within foams was estimated at 10−4 m2 s−1, which is much larger than the molecular diffusion coefficient in a typical laminar flow in an open channel

Combined Perfusion and Permeability Imaging Reveals Different Pathophysiologic Tissue Responses After Successful Thrombectomy.

Despite successful recanalization of large-vessel occlusions in acute ischemic stroke, individual patients profit to a varying degree. Dynamic susceptibility-weighted perfusion and dynamic T1-weighted contrast-enhanced blood-brain barrier permeability imaging may help to determine secondary stroke injury and predict clinical outcome. We prospectively performed perfusion and permeability imaging in 38 patients within 24 h after successful mechanical thrombectomy of an occlusion of the middle cerebral artery M1 segment. Perfusion alterations were evaluated on cerebral blood flow maps, blood-brain barrier disruption (BBBD) visually and quantitatively on ktrans maps and hemorrhagic transformation on susceptibility-weighted images. Visual BBBD within the DWI lesion corresponded to a median ktrans elevation (IQR) of 0.77 (0.41-1.4) min-1 and was found in all 7 cases of hypoperfusion (100%), in 10 of 16 cases of hyperperfusion (63%), and in only three of 13 cases with unaffected perfusion (23%). BBBD was significantly associated with hemorrhagic transformation (p < 0.001). While BBBD alone was not a predictor of clinical outcome at 3 months (positive predictive value (PPV) = 0.8 [0.56-0.94]), hypoperfusion occurred more often in patients with unfavorable clinical outcome (PPV = 0.43 [0.10-0.82]) compared to hyperperfusion (PPV = 0.93 [0.68-1.0]) or unaffected perfusion (PPV = 1.0 [0.75-1.0]). We show that combined perfusion and permeability imaging reveals distinct infarct signatures after recanalization, indicating the severity of prior ischemic damage. It assists in predicting clinical outcome and may identify patients at risk of stroke progression

Versatile Diphosphine Chelators for Radiolabeling Peptides with ^99mTc and ⁶⁴Cu

We have developed a diphosphine (DP) platform for radiolabeling peptides with 99mTc and 64Cu for molecular SPECT and PET imaging, respectively. Two diphosphines, 2,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)maleic anhydride (DP Ph) and 2,3-bis(di- p-tolylphosphino)maleic anhydride (DP Tol), were each reacted with a Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen-targeted dipeptide (PSMAt) to yield the bioconjugates DP Ph-PSMAt and DP Tol-PSMAt, as well as an integrin-targeted cyclic peptide, RGD, to yield the bioconjugates DP Ph-RGD and DP Tol-RGD. Each of these DP-PSMAt conjugates formed geometric cis/ trans-[MO 2(DP X-PSMAt) 2] + (M = 99mTc, 99gTc, natRe; X = Ph, Tol) complexes when reacted with [MO 2] + motifs. Furthermore, both DP Ph-PSMAt and DP Tol-PSMAt could be formulated into kits containing reducing agent and buffer components, enabling preparation of the new radiotracers cis/ trans-[ 99mTcO 2(DP Ph-PSMAt) 2] + and cis/ trans-[ 99mTcO 2(DP Tol-PSMAt) 2] + from aqueous 99mTcO 4 - in 81% and 88% radiochemical yield (RCY), respectively, in 5 min at 100 °C. The consistently higher RCYs observed for cis/ trans-[ 99mTcO 2(DP Tol-PSMAt) 2] + are attributed to the increased reactivity of DP Tol-PSMAt over DP Ph-PSMAt. Both cis/ trans-[ 99mTcO 2(DP Ph-PSMAt) 2] + and cis/ trans-[ 99mTcO 2(DP Tol-PSMAt) 2] + exhibited high metabolic stability, and in vivo SPECT imaging in healthy mice revealed that both new radiotracers cleared rapidly from circulation, via a renal pathway. These new diphosphine bioconjugates also furnished [ 64Cu(DP X-PSMAt) 2] + (X = Ph, Tol) complexes rapidly, in a high RCY (&gt;95%), under mild conditions. In summary, the new DP platform is versatile: it enables straightforward functionalization of targeting peptides with a diphosphine chelator, and the resulting bioconjugates can be simply radiolabeled with both the SPECT and PET radionuclides, 99mTc and 64Cu, in high RCYs. Furthermore, the DP platform is amenable to derivatization to either increase the chelator reactivity with metallic radioisotopes or, alternatively, modify the radiotracer hydrophilicity. Functionalized diphosphine chelators thus have the potential to provide access to new molecular radiotracers for receptor-targeted imaging. </p

Conversations on grief and hope: A collaborative autoethnographic account exploring the lifeworlds of international youth engaged with climate action

This paper explores the lifeworlds of international youth involved in climate and/or environmental social action, narratives that have been largely absent from a literature that has tended to focus on ‘traditional’ youth activists located in the urban Global North. Written as a novel collaborative autoethnography involving youth as co-authors, the paper a) collectively reflects on the stories of youth from different countries and cultures on their journeys towards climate action, and b) foregrounds an emotional framing to examine these experiences. The youth co-authors, whose experiences are the focus of this paper, form part of innovative international Youth Advisory Board, set up to provide peer support to youth new to climate and environmental social action, as part of our British Academy Youth Futures-funded participatory action research project. We examine the youth’s narratives exploring opportunities and barriers they have navigated, their inspirations and the intersections with a range of other socio-cultural factors