Modification of fatty acid composition in soybean seeds to improve soybean oil quality and functionality

"July 2011"Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on May 18, 2012).The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file.Dissertation advisor: Dr. Kristin D. BilyeuVita.The purpose of this project is to modify the fatty acid composition in soybean seeds to improve soybean oil quality and functionality. By sequencing the FAD2-1A and FAD2-1B genes in 24 plant introductions, we identified two novel mutant alleles: one for each gene that is responsible for the elevated oleic acid content in four plant introductions. The combination of the newly identified mutant FAD2-1B allele with existing or the novel mutant FAD2-1A alleles created soybean lines with more than 80% oleic acid content. Combination of two mutant FAD2-1A and FAD2-1B with mutant FAD3A or mutant FAD3C or both resulted in high oleic acid content of 80 - 85% and linolenic acid content in the range from 1.5 - 4%. Perfect molecular markers associated with these mutant alleles were designed to help select the soybean lines with genotypes of interest in early generations in breeding. The high oleic acid and high oleic acid low linolenic soybeans produced have an improved stability across growing environments compared to existing sources.Includes bibliographical reference

Robust Diffusion GAN using Semi-Unbalanced Optimal Transport

Diffusion models, a type of generative model, have demonstrated great potential for synthesizing highly detailed images. By integrating with GAN, advanced diffusion models like DDGAN \citep{xiao2022DDGAN} could approach real-time performance for expansive practical applications. While DDGAN has effectively addressed the challenges of generative modeling, namely producing high-quality samples, covering different data modes, and achieving faster sampling, it remains susceptible to performance drops caused by datasets that are corrupted with outlier samples. This work introduces a robust training technique based on semi-unbalanced optimal transport to mitigate the impact of outliers effectively. Through comprehensive evaluations, we demonstrate that our robust diffusion GAN (RDGAN) outperforms vanilla DDGAN in terms of the aforementioned generative modeling criteria, i.e., image quality, mode coverage of distribution, and inference speed, and exhibits improved robustness when dealing with both clean and corrupted datasets

Determination of Fluoroquinolone antibiotics in sludge matrix using pressurized liquid extraction technique combined with high performance liquid chromatography/fluorescence detection

Joint Research on Environmental Science and Technology for the Eart

Mutant alleles of FAD2-1A and FAD2-1B combine to produce soybeans with the high oleic acid seed oil trait

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The alteration of fatty acid profiles in soybean [<it>Glycine max </it>(L.) Merr.] to improve soybean oil quality is an important and evolving theme in soybean research to meet nutritional needs and industrial criteria in the modern market. Soybean oil with elevated oleic acid is desirable because this monounsaturated fatty acid improves the nutrition and oxidative stability of the oil. Commodity soybean oil typically contains 20% oleic acid and the target for high oleic acid soybean oil is approximately 80% of the oil; previous conventional plant breeding research to raise the oleic acid level to just 50-60% of the oil was hindered by the genetic complexity and environmental instability of the trait. The objective of this work was to create the high oleic acid trait in soybeans by identifying and combining mutations in two delta-twelve fatty acid desaturase genes, <it>FAD2-1A </it>and <it>FAD2-1B</it>.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Three polymorphisms found in the <it>FAD2-1B </it>alleles of two soybean lines resulted in missense mutations. For each of the two soybean lines, there was one unique amino acid change within a highly conserved region of the protein. The mutant <it>FAD2-1B </it>alleles were associated with an increase in oleic acid levels, although the <it>FAD2-1B </it>mutant alleles alone were not capable of producing a high oleic acid phenotype. When existing <it>FAD2-1A </it>mutations were combined with the novel mutant <it>FAD2-1B </it>alleles, a high oleic acid phenotype was recovered only for those lines which were homozygous for both of the mutant alleles.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>We were able to produce conventional soybean lines with 80% oleic acid in the oil in two different ways, each requiring the contribution of only two genes. The high oleic acid soybean germplasm developed contained a desirable fatty acid profile, and it was stable in two production environments. The presumed causative sequence polymorphisms in the <it>FAD2-1B </it>alleles were developed into highly efficient molecular markers for tracking the mutant alleles. The resources described here for the creation of high oleic acid soybeans provide a framework to efficiently develop soybean varieties to meet changing market demands.</p

Mathematical modelling and control of the evolution of dynamic systems interacting with medium

The article proposes a new method of mathematical modeling evolutional systems interacting with medium. A cutting process or tribo-space formed in the contact area of two conjugate mechanical subsystems is considered as medium. The features of the medium depend not only on state coordinates of systems but also on trajectories. It is obtained that the parameters of the medium are performed as integral operators of equations like Volterra equations of 2nd type. The problems of control of evolutional systems are being analyzed

FACTORS AFFECTING THE SHARE OF FAKE NEWS ABOUT COVID-19 OUTBREAK ON SOCIAL NETWORKS IN VIETNAM

In recent days in Vietnam, the amount of fake news spreading online about the Covid-19 epidemic has shown signs of increasing, causing information confusion and complicating the situation. This fact has received significant attention from scientists. To supplement the evidence of previous studies, enrich the research literature and make policy recommendations to the Government, this study explores the factors influencing the sharing of fake news on social networks. This study was conducted through a cross-sectional survey using an intentional sampling technique (n = 200) multivariate linear regression analysis technique was applied to prove the hypotheses. Research results show that the factors of altruism, entertainment, socialization, self-promotion, and instant information sharing have a positive and meaningful impact on sharing fake news about Covid_19 on social networks

Assessment of impacts of utilization on water resources in the basin of trans-boundary Red river system

The Red river system is the large trans-boundary river system, there has been no united system of hydrology stations as well as integrated plan for the water use and management in the whole basin. The trend of water resources change in the Red river system basin has been assessed on the basic of statistic analyses of data observed during the studies, especially in the time when the exploitation of water resources has been intensified for the multisectoral development. This paper shows some of the results from considerations of the water use in the highlands that is influential in water resources in the Red river system basin and the planned reservoirs which are built in the basin of Red river system. The results include the assessment of the state and trend of water resources in the Red river system basin, the trend of water level lowering in the lowlands and its impacts

A Novel Wideband Circularly Polarized Antenna for RF Energy Harvesting in Wireless Sensor Nodes

A novel wideband circularly polarized antenna array using sequential rotation feeding network is presented in this paper. The proposed antenna array has a relative bandwidth of 38.7% at frequencies from 5.05 GHz to 7.45 GHz with a highest gain of 12 dBi at 6 GHz. A corresponding left-handed metamaterial is designed in order to increase antenna gain without significantly affecting its polarization characteristics. The wideband circularly polarized antenna with 2.4 GHz of bandwidth is a promising solution for wireless communication system such as tracking or wireless energy harvesting from Wi-Fi signal based on IEEE 802.11ac standard or future 5G cellular. A potential application of this antenna as a receiving antenna for RF-DC device to obtain DC power for a wireless sensor node from Wi-Fi signal is shown