Etre migrant et adolescent: quelles actions préventives proposer ?

Young recently arrived migrants represent a vulnerable population. The influence of socioeconomic and environmental factors on health is now well known. The accumulation of protective factors can counterbalance the negative effect of risk factors, based on the concept of health assets. The migration process may threaten this balance. Some studies have observed better health in migrants than in the host population, but this is not a permanent effect as health deteriorates with time. Pre-migration experiences as well as post-migration conditions in the host country largely influence migrants' health outcomes. Family and social support and integration into the host society are primordial factors that need to be strengthened

Primary care interventions to reduce cardiovascular risk behaviours in adolescents: a protocol for a systematic review

Introduction: Health-compromising behaviours are often acquired in adolescence. Alongside broader public health interventions, preventive interventions within primary care have the potential to encourage long-lasting behaviour change by tailoring messages to each individual. The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of primary care interventions in reducing the 3 main cardiovascular risk behaviours (smoking, low physical activity and unhealthy diet) in adolescents aged 10–19 years. It is also to identify successful initiatives and ingredients for such success that could be replicated in primary care. Methods and analysis: This systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta- Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. The following databases will be searched for articles published between January 1990 and December 2016: MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychINFO, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ClinicalTrials.gov, ISRCTN registry. Our search will focus on randomised and cluster randomised controlled trials of interventions conducted in primary care practices to reduce the 3 main cardiovascular risk behaviours in adolescents aged 10–19 years, compared with active (information leaflet, etc) or passive (usual care, etc) control conditions. The primary outcomes will be smoking, physical activity and diet, measured either objectively or by self-report. Secondary outcomes such as body mass index or insulin resistance will also be examined. 2 reviewers will independently screen articles, extract relevant data and assess study quality using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. A meta-analysis will be considered if the number of studies is sufficient and outcomes are sufficiently homogeneous. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria will be used to assess the quality of the evidence. Ethics and dissemination: This systematic review will add to our knowledge on the prevention of cardiovascular disease early in life and these findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and presentations at relevant conferences

De la théorie à la pratique : comment influencer le choix de carrière pour la médecine de famille ?

L'enseignement de la médecine de famille fait désormais partie intégrante du curriculum d'enseignement des facultés de médecine en Suisse. Le défi actuel est de mettre en valeur les aspects attractifs de cette discipline afin d'assurer la relève. Cet article décrit la mise en place d'un programme de recherche visant à promouvoir le choix de carrière en médecine de famille, aboutissant à des connaissances et à un cadre conceptuel comme base théorique pour le développement de l'enseignement en médecine de famille. Des innovations pédagogiques de trois facultés en Suisse romande sont présentées. Les auteurs décrivent les implications pour les médecins de famille pratiquant en cabinet, qui sont les partenaires incontournables de la médecine de famille académique

Excessive substance use screening to encourage behaviour change among young people in primary care: Pilot study in preparation for a randomized trial

Alcohol, cannabis and other substance use affects young people's health. Primary care physicians are encouraged to screen and provide brief interventions for substance use in this population, but implementation is often limited. Pre-consultation self-administered screening may decrease at-risk substance use and could have population-level benefits. A randomized controlled trial is planned to test this hypothesis. The present pilot study's objective was to assess the feasibility of methods for the future trial

Impact of Interventions to Increase the Proportion of Medical Students Choosing a Primary Care Career: A Systematic Review

Increasing the attractiveness of primary care careers is a key step in addressing the growing shortage of primary care physicians. The purpose of this review was to (1) identify interventions aimed at increasing the proportion of undergraduate medical students choosing a primary care specialty, (2) describe the characteristics of these interventions, (3) assess the quality of the studies, and (4) compare the findings to those of a previous literature review within a global context

Impact of the primary care curriculum and its teaching formats on medical students' perception of primary care: a cross-sectional study

Switzerland is facing an impending primary care workforce crisis since almost half of all primary care physicians are expected to retire in the next decade. Only a minority of medical students choose a primary care specialty, further deepening the workforce shortage. It is therefore essential to identify ways to promote the choice of a primary care career. The aim of the present study was to explore students' views about the undergraduate primary care teaching curriculum and different teaching formats, and to evaluate the possible impact of these views on students' perceptions of primary care