Strangeness in QGP: Hadronization Pressure

We review strangeness as signature of quark gluon plasma (QGP) and the hadronization process of a QGP fireball formed in relativistic heavy-ion collisions in the entire range of today accessible reaction energies. We discuss energy dependence of the statistical hadronization parameters within the context of fast QGP hadronization. We find that QGP breakup occurs for all energies at the universal hadronization pressure $P = 80\pm 3\,\mathrm{MeV/fm}^3$.Comment: 14 pages, one picture, 10 figures, Talk presented at the XXXI Max Born Symposium and HIC for FAIR Workshop "Three Days of Critical Behavior in Hot and Dense QCD", Wroclaw, Poland, June~14-16, 2013. Acta Physica Polonica B: Conference Series in pres

Strangeness Production in Au--Au collisions at sNN=62.4\sqrt{s_{NN}}=62.4 GeV

We obtain strangeness production as function of centrality in a statistical hadronization model analysis of all experimental hadron production data in Au--Au collisions at \sqrt{s_{NN}}=62.4\GeV. Our analysis describes successfully the yield of strange and multi-strange hadrons recently published. We explore condition of hadronization as a function of centrality and find universality for the case of chemical non-equilibrium in the hadron phase space corresponding to quark--gluon plasma (QGP) in chemical equilibrium.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures, proceedings for SQM 2011 conferenc

SHARE with CHARM

SHARE with CHARM program (SHAREv3) implements the statistical hadronization model description of particle production in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Given a set of statistical parameters, SHAREv3 program evaluates yields and therefore also ratios, and furthermore, statistical particle abundance fluctuations. The physical bulk properties of the particle source is evaluated based on all hadrons produced, including the fitted yields. The bulk properties can be prescribed as a fit input complementing and/or replacing the statistical parameters. The modifications and improvements in the SHARE suite of programs are oriented towards recent and forthcoming LHC hadron production results including charm hadrons. This SHAREv3 release incorporates all features seen previously in SHAREv1.x and v2.x and, beyond, we include a complete treatment of charm hadrons and their decays, which further cascade and feed lighter hadron yields. This article is a complete and self-contained manual explaining and introducing both the conventional and the extended capabilities of SHARE with CHARM. We complement the particle list derived from the Particle Data Group tabulation composed of up, down, strange $u,d,s$ quarks (including resonances) with hadrons containing charm $c,\bar c$ quarks. We provide a table of the charm hadron decays including partial widths. The branching ratios of each charm hadron decays add to unity, which is achieved by including some charm hadron decay channels based on theoretical consideration in the absence of direct experimental information. A very successful interpretation of all available LHC results has been already obtained using this program.Comment: 41 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables. Associated program available at http://www.physics.arizona.edu/~gtshare/SHARE/share.html (Computer Physics Communications in press

Open secret: Reports on the betrayal of Roosevelt\u27s peace policy and American preparations for World War III

https://stars.library.ucf.edu/prism/1294/thumbnail.jp

QCD phase transition studied by means of hadron production

This is a brief review of our work describing the hadronization process of a QGP fireball formed in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. We introduce the SHARE method of analysis of hadron multiplicities. Using this tool we describe in consistent continuos manner the yield of all hadrons produced in the available range of reaction energies and centralities. The properties of the fireball final state can be understood by considering all primary hadronic particles. The dense hadron fireball created at SPS, RHIC, and LHC shows that the final state is differentiated solely by: i) volume changes; and ii) flavor (strangeness, charm) content. Conversely, emerging particles add up to create universal hadronization pressure $P = 80 \pm 3$ MeV/fm$^3$ for all considered collision systems. The relative strangeness to entropy content of a large fireball is found to be that of quark-gluon plasma degrees of freedom near the chemical QGP equilibrium. This 'Universal Hadronization' condition common to SPS, RHIC, and LHC agrees with the proposed reaction picture of a direct QGP fireball evaporation into free-streaming hadrons.Comment: 11 pages, many figures; Presented in Wroclaw at the February 2014 MB32-Symposium honoring Ludwik Turk