The impact of individual heterogenity on building consumer loyalty

Consumer loyalty is a powerful source of competitive advantage. Managers should pay more attention to the factors that could improve the long-term relationship between consumers and companies. The aim of this study is to explore predictors of customer loyalty in the retail bank sector in order to identify the effect of stability perceptions in addition to customer satisfaction and service quality which have been traditionally accepted as the primary predictors of customer loyalty, especially for services. Another purpose of the study is to investigate the moderating effects of gender, age and income on the mentioned relationships. A random sample of Croatian bank customers was surveyed to collect information on customer perceptions and behaviours in relation to satisfaction with service quality, stability and loyalty. The research results revealed that service quality, consumer satisfaction and stability perceptions have a significant impact on consumer loyalty. Furthermore, age has a moderating effect on the relationship between satisfaction and loyalty as well as on the relationship between quality and loyalty. Thanks to the specialty of the banking sector, gender, age and income moderate the relationship between perceived stability and loyalty

The impact of individual heterogenity on building consumer loyalty

Consumer loyalty is a powerful source of competitive advantage. Managers should pay more attention to the factors that could improve the long-term relationship between consumers and companies. The aim of this study is to explore predictors of customer loyalty in the retail bank sector in order to identify the effect of stability perceptions in addition to customer satisfaction and service quality which have been traditionally accepted as the primary predictors of customer loyalty, especially for services. Another purpose of the study is to investigate the moderating effects of gender, age and income on the mentioned relationships. A random sample of Croatian bank customers was surveyed to collect information on customer perceptions and behaviours in relation to satisfaction with service quality, stability and loyalty. The research results revealed that service quality, consumer satisfaction and stability perceptions have a significant impact on consumer loyalty. Furthermore, age has a moderating effect on the relationship between satisfaction and loyalty as well as on the relationship between quality and loyalty. Thanks to the specialty of the banking sector, gender, age and income moderate the relationship between perceived stability and loyalty

Nonfinancial Reporting: Theoretical and Empirical Evidence

Nonfinancial reporting (NFR) is a relatively new topic in the business practice; it evolved a couple of decades ago. Initially, NFR was mostly disclosed on a voluntary basis. Because of deeper awareness regarding climate change and environmental challenges, as well as pressure from investors, customers, and competition, nonfinancial reporting developed from a voluntary to a mandatory highly standardized practice. This research sought to address the following questions: How understanding of business value creation determines business reporting? How sustainability approach manifests on the company level? What is nonfinancial reporting and why should companies care about it? What are the motivations and benefits for companies and for whom do they publish sustainability reports? What about experiences in public sector? How contemporary concepts of green, circular, and zero-waste economy influence business reporting? Which open questions do organizations face on the path of sustainability reporting? This study contributes to the discussion on NFR and stimulates paradigm shift from profitability toward sustainability as adopting a holistic perspective, respecting people and the planet. This research stimulates business community to invest time and energy into sustainability reporting and encourages scholars to explore new ways of business reporting and therefore contributes to our knowledge and well-being

NATIVNO OGLAŠAVANJE: STAVOVI POTROŠAČA I FAZE PERCEPTIVNOG PROCESA : Diplomski rad

Nativno oglašavanje zauzima sve veći značaj u marketinškom oglašavanju. Problem istraživanja rada je uloga nativnog oglašavanja u svijesti potrošača i značaj za ponašanje potrošača, a glavni cilj bio je utvrditi stavove potrošača prema nativnim oglasima, usporediti ih sa klasičnim „banner“ oglasima, te istražiti utjecaj nativnih oglasa za svaku od faza u percepciji, tj. perceptivnom procesu. Temeljem problema i cilja rada, postavljene su hipoteze koje se navode u radu. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da potrošači imaju pozitivan stav prema nativnom oglašavanju. Usporedba stavova prema nativnom i klasičnom oglašavanju, rezultiralo je pozitivnijim stavom prema nativnom oglašavanju. Rezultati su također pokazali da nativno oglašavanje ima najveći značaj u fazi izloženosti perceptivnog procesa.Native advertising takes on increasing importance in marketing advertising. The problem of research is the role of native advertising in consumer awareness and the importance of consumer behavior, and the main aim was to identify consumer attitudes to native ads, compare them with tradicional banner ads, and explore the impact of native ads for each phase in perception ie. perceptual process. Based on the problem and the aim of the thesis, the hypotheses mentioned in the thesis have been placed. Research findings showed that consumers have a positive attitude towards native advertising. Comparing attitudes to native and tradicional ads has resulted a more positive attitude towards native advertising. The results also showed that native advertising has the greatest significance in the stage of exposure in the perceptual process

Social Innovation as an Important Element of European Development Strategies

Zemlje članice Europske unije (EU) prolaze kroz proces ekonomske i demografske transformacije sa znatnim utjecajima na društvo i gospodarstvo. Kako bi se odgovorilo na postojeće i buduće izazove pred zemljama članicama, potrebno je prilagoditi strategije i politike razvoja te staviti naglasak na inovacije, društvene promjene, jednakost i održivi razvoj. Sve više znanstvenika, nositelja ekonomskih politika, nevladinih organizacija i poduzetnika danas pokazuje interes u području socijalnih inovacija te kroz iste nastoji odgovoriti na niz postojećih problema. Cilj je ovog rada istražiti ulogu i načine poticanja socijalnih inovacija u Europskoj uniji. Doprinos rada ogleda se u pregledu značaja socijalnih inovacija te sustavnom prikazu mjera njihova poticanja, postojećih prepreka razvoju te potreba i preporuka za njihov daljnji razvoj s obzirom na suvremene globalne izazove s kojima se EU susreće. Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju na rastuću važnost uloge socijalnih inovacija u okviru suvremenih politika EU-a koja aktivno promiče pristup peterostruke uzvojnice, prepoznajući održivi razvoj i inovacije kao ključne razvojne prioritete u vremenu Četvrte industrijske revolucije. Kao preporuke za daljnji razvoj socijalnih inovacija u EU u radu se ističu potreba za koordinacijom različitih instrumenata EU-a u ovom području, poticanje ulaganja u inovativne programe obrazovanja, usavršavanja i zapošljavanja u ovom području, povećanje svijesti o socijalnim inovacijama, poticanje umrežavanja i širenja informacija te stvaranje poticajnog okruženja za njihov razvoj. Također, u radu se ističu nedostaci u području mjerenja socijalnih inovacija, kao i nužnost adresiranja ovog izazova, u cilju poboljšanja razumijevanja njihove uloge, ali i efikasnije alokacije poticaja istima.EU member states are undergoing the process of economic and demographic transformation with significant influence on society and economy. In order to respond to the existing and future challenges, it is necessary to adapt development strategies and policies, as well as to focus on concepts such as innovation, social change, equality and sustainable development. In the new development strategy, EU will focus on creating a society that will function as a competitive, secure and energy-efficient system. Scientists, economic policy makers, nongovernmental organisations and entrepreneurs are showing an increasing interest in the field of social innovation, striving to address a series of contemporary challenges. The aim of this paper is to study the role and ways of fostering social innovations in the European Union. The contribution of this paper is reflected in the systematic review of the importance of social innovation and the measures used to foster them, while pointing out the existing obstacles and needs and recommendations for further development of social innovation in the context of global challenges that the EU is facing. The results of the research indicate the growing importance of social innovation in modern EU policies that actively promote the quintuple helix approach, recognizing sustainable development and innovation as key development priorities during the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Recommendations for further development of social innovation in the EU include the need to coordinate various EU instruments in this area, encourage investment in innovative education, training and employment programs in this area, increase awareness of social innovation, encourage networking and dissemination of information and create an enabling environment for their development. Also, the paper highlights the shortcomings in the field of measuring social innovation, as well as the need to address this challenge, in order to improve the understanding of their role, but also a more efficient allocation of incentives to them

Typography of Croatian birth certificates, certificates of nationality and grade report cards from the early 20th century

Radnja istražuje tipografske elemente na krsnim listovima, domovnicama i svjedodžbama otisnutim u Hrvatskoj tijekom prve polovice 20. stoljeća s ciljem njihove kronološke razrade. Dostupnost vizualnih i instrumentalnih uređaja za vještačenje doprinijela je ideji takvog analiziranja povijesnih hrvatskih dokumenata. Istraživanje je provedeno nerazornim forenzičkim metodama, a temeljeno je na osnovnim tiskarskim tehnikama i metodama reprodukcije pojedinih tipografskih elemenata. Analizirana arhivska građa datira iz prve polovice 20. stoljeća, a potječe iz privatnih izvora. Iznimku predstavlja svjedodžba iz 1855. godine koja je pohranjena u arhivu Školskog muzeja i koja je analizirana radi prikaza tipografskih razlika na prijelazu stoljeća. Analiza pisma, jezika, formata, fontova i ilustracija pružila je uvid u promjene tipografije tijekom vremena. Sve to definira simboliku dokumenata kroz koju se očituju nacionalne i vjerske konotacije. Time je potvrđena osnovna pretpostavka da je promjena tipografskih elemenata uvjetovana dvama parametrima: razvojem tehnologije i nacionalnim promjenama.The paper investigates the typographic elements in birth certificates, certificates of nationality and report cards printed in Croatia in the early 20th century, with the aim of making a chronological overview. The availability of visual and instrumental devices for expert analyses made this kind of analysis of Croatian historical documents possible. The research was conducted using non-evasive forensic methods, and it is based on the printing techniques and methods of reproducing particular typographic elements. The archival material analyzed in this study dates back to the early 20th century and originates from private sources. The only exception is a report card from 1855, stored in the archives of the School Museum, which was used to illustrate typographic differences at the turn of the century. The analysis of the script, language, format, font and illustrations gave insight into the changes of typography over time. It all defines the symbolism of documents, which reflect national and religions connotations. This confirms the basic presupposition that the change of typographic elements is brought about as a result of two parameters: technological development and national changes

Typography of Croatian birth certificates, certificates of nationality and grade report cards from the early 20th century

Radnja istražuje tipografske elemente na krsnim listovima, domovnicama i svjedodžbama otisnutim u Hrvatskoj tijekom prve polovice 20. stoljeća s ciljem njihove kronološke razrade. Dostupnost vizualnih i instrumentalnih uređaja za vještačenje doprinijela je ideji takvog analiziranja povijesnih hrvatskih dokumenata. Istraživanje je provedeno nerazornim forenzičkim metodama, a temeljeno je na osnovnim tiskarskim tehnikama i metodama reprodukcije pojedinih tipografskih elemenata. Analizirana arhivska građa datira iz prve polovice 20. stoljeća, a potječe iz privatnih izvora. Iznimku predstavlja svjedodžba iz 1855. godine koja je pohranjena u arhivu Školskog muzeja i koja je analizirana radi prikaza tipografskih razlika na prijelazu stoljeća. Analiza pisma, jezika, formata, fontova i ilustracija pružila je uvid u promjene tipografije tijekom vremena. Sve to definira simboliku dokumenata kroz koju se očituju nacionalne i vjerske konotacije. Time je potvrđena osnovna pretpostavka da je promjena tipografskih elemenata uvjetovana dvama parametrima: razvojem tehnologije i nacionalnim promjenama.The paper investigates the typographic elements in birth certificates, certificates of nationality and report cards printed in Croatia in the early 20th century, with the aim of making a chronological overview. The availability of visual and instrumental devices for expert analyses made this kind of analysis of Croatian historical documents possible. The research was conducted using non-evasive forensic methods, and it is based on the printing techniques and methods of reproducing particular typographic elements. The archival material analyzed in this study dates back to the early 20th century and originates from private sources. The only exception is a report card from 1855, stored in the archives of the School Museum, which was used to illustrate typographic differences at the turn of the century. The analysis of the script, language, format, font and illustrations gave insight into the changes of typography over time. It all defines the symbolism of documents, which reflect national and religions connotations. This confirms the basic presupposition that the change of typographic elements is brought about as a result of two parameters: technological development and national changes

Platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome related to the patent foramen ovale and atrial septal aneurysm

The platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome is a rare condition characterized by postural dyspnea and hypoxemia that disappear or diminish in lying position, so it can be difficult to recognize without close assessment of the patient\u27s pattern of dyspnea. The syndrome is commonly associated to an intra-cardiac right-to-left shunt through a patent foramen ovale as the most frequently reported site of the shunt. Platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome can be the cause of refractory hypoxemia leading to pulmonary hypertension, whereby, if suspected, contrast echocardiography in supine as well as in upright position should be performed. We are presenting a case of an unrecognized platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome because of a patent foramen ovale and atrial septal aneurysm, with developed chronic complications due to long-standing hypoxemia. This case highlights the need of a high index of suspicion to diagnose the syndrome on time and the necessity of careful echocardiographic evaluation