On the crossing relation in the presence of defects

The OPE of local operators in the presence of defect lines is considered both in the rational CFT and the $c>25$ Virasoro (Liouville) theory. The duality transformation of the 4-point function with inserted defect operators is explicitly computed. The two channels of the correlator reproduce the expectation values of the Wilson and 't Hooft operators, recently discussed in Liouville theory in relation to the AGT conjecture.Comment: TEX file with harvmac; v3: JHEP versio

Non-critical string pentagon equations and their solutions

We derive pentagon type relations for the 3-point boundary tachyon correlation functions in the non-critical open string theory with generic c_{matter} < 1 and study their solutions in the case of FZZ branes. A new general formula for the Liouville 3-point factor is derived.Comment: 18 pages, harvmac; misprints corrected, section 3.2 extended, a new general formula for the Liouville 3-point factor adde

Uroflowmetry and Ultrasound Measurement of Residual Urine in Early Parkinson`s Disease

Urovesical dysautonomic symptoms are present in 27-97% of the patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) dependingon patients' selection criteria and methods used. The micturitional disturbances are typical of patients with more severe PD. The authors studied the urovesical function in 23 PD patients aged 41-60 years and without subjective micturitional complaints by uroflowmetry and ultrasound measurement of residual urine. Urovesical disturbances were established in 30,4% of the patients. The average results for Max Flow Rate (MFR) were 21,85 ±5,49 ml/sec and for residual urine 27,83 ±25,58 ml. The most influencing factor was the severity of the disease measured by the UPDRS. Our results were important additions to the existing information on the urovesical function in PD. Dysautonomic micturitional disturbances were found even in patients without subjective complaints in the early stages of the disease. Their degree correlated most closely to the severity of PD. The necessity of specialized examiantions of dysautonomic urovesical symptoms imposes the presence of a tailor-made patient approach for their early detection and adequate treatment

The Virtue of Defects in 4D Gauge Theories and 2D CFTs

We advance a correspondence between the topological defect operators in Liouville and Toda conformal field theories - which we construct - and loop operators and domain wall operators in four dimensional N=2 supersymmetric gauge theories on S^4. Our computation of the correlation functions in Liouville/Toda theory in the presence of topological defect operators, which are supported on curves on the Riemann surface, yields the exact answer for the partition function of four dimensional gauge theories in the presence of various walls and loop operators; results which we can quantitatively substantiate with an independent gauge theory analysis. As an interesting outcome of this work for two dimensional conformal field theories, we prove that topological defect operators and the Verlinde loop operators are different descriptions of the same operators.Comment: 59 pages, latex; v2 corrections to some formula

Decreased recall of primacy words predicts cognitive decline.

One of the cognitive changes associated with Alzheimer's disease is a diminution of the primacy effect, i.e., the tendency toward better recall of items studied early on a list compared with the rest. We examined whether learning and recall of primacy words predicted subsequent cognitive decline in 204 elderly subjects who were non-demented and cognitively intact when first examined. Our results show that poorer primacy performance in the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test delayed recall trials, but not in immediate recall trials, is an effective predictor of subsequent decline in general cognitive function. This pattern of performance can be interpreted as evidence that failure to consolidate primacy items is a marker of cognitive decline

't Hooft Operators in Gauge Theory from Toda CFT

We construct loop operators in two dimensional Toda CFT and calculate with them the exact expectation value of certain supersymmetric 't Hooft and dyonic loop operators in four dimensional \Ncal=2 gauge theories with SU(N) gauge group. Explicit formulae for 't Hooft and dyonic operators in \Ncal=2^* and \Ncal=2 conformal SQCD with SU(N) gauge group are presented. We also briefly speculate on the Toda CFT realization of arbitrary loop operators in these gauge theories in terms of topological web operators in Toda CFT.Comment: 49 pages, LaTeX. Typos fixed, references adde

Anomalous thickness dependence of the Hall effect in ultrathin Pb layers on Si(111)

The magnetoconductive properties of ultrathin Pb films deposited on Si(111) are measured and compared with density-functional electronic band-structure calculations on two-dimensional, free-standing, 1 to 8 monolayers thick Pb(111) slabs. A description with free-standing slabs is possible because it turned out that the Hall coefficient is independent of the substrate and of the crystalline order in the film. We show that the oscillations in sign of the Hall coefficient observed as a function of film thickness can be explained directly from the thickness dependent variations of the electronic bandstructure at the Fermi energy.Comment: 4 pages incl. 3 figures, RevTeX, to appear in Phys. Rev.

Implementation of Standards of Good Pharmacy Practice in the World: A Review

The aim of the study is to review the historical stages of development of the requirements of good pharmaceutical practice (GPP), generalization of the normative documents recommended by the International pharmaceutical company (MFP) for use in the world of pharmaceutical practice. Methods of generalization of the information material and system analysis were used in the study. Historical stages of the development of the concept of the GPP in the world and the role of the World Health Organization and the FIP in the process were analyzed. Researches of professional standards of pharmacy practice in developed countries reveal different approaches to the regulation of such activities, however, despite the applicable model standards are developed by the pharmaceutical associations and are used by regulatory bodies, business owners, and professionals to control the quality of pharmacy services that are provided to the population. The study indicates that the development of the GPP standards should be resolved at the level of public professional organizations as the national regulation of pharmacy practice in different countries varies significantly. Prospects of further scientific researches are aimed on using the results of the study while developing and implementing national standards of the GPP in the world

Composición lipídica de diferentes partes del fruto del aguaymanto (Physalis peruviana L.) y valorización de residuos de semillas y cáscaras

The consumption of Cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) fruit (CG), fresh or processed, is gaining popularity worldwide, due to its nutritional and medicinal benefits. This study was based on the analysis of the lipid fraction of different parts of CG fruit and on further valorization of the resulting CG waste. The content of glyceride oil in CG seeds, peels and seed/peel waste, as well as the individual fatty acid, sterol and tocopherol composition of the oils was determined. CG seeds and seed/peel waste were a rich source of oil (up to 22.93%), which is suitable for nutritional application, due to its high proportions of unsaturated fatty acids (up to 83.77%), sterols (campesterol, Δ5-аvenasterol, β-sitosterol) and tocopherols (β-, δ- and γ-tocopherols). Seed/peel waste and the extracted seed cakes contained macro- and microminerals (K, Mg, Na, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu) which are important for human and animal nutrition. Seed cakes had relatively high protein (24.32%) and cellulose (42.94%) contents, and an interesting amino acid profile. The results from the study contribute to a deeper understanding of the composition of CG fruit, and might be of practical relevance in the development of functional foods and feeds.El consumo del aguaymanto (Physalis peruviana L.), fresco o procesado, está ganando popularidad en todo el mundo debido a sus beneficios nutricionales y medicinales. Este estudio se basó en el análisis de la fracción lipídica de diferentes partes de la fruta y en una mayor valorización de los desechos resultantes. Se determinó el contenido de la fracción glicerídica en semillas, cáscaras y residuos de semillas/cáscaras, así como la composición individual de ácidos grasos, esteroles y tocoferoles de los aceites. Las semillas de aguaymanto y los residuos de semillas/cáscaras fueron una rica fuente de aceite (hasta 22,93%), adecuados para un uso nutricional, debido a las altas proporciones de ácidos grasos insaturados (hasta 83,77%), esteroles (campesterol, Δ5-avenasterol, β-sitosterol) y tocoferoles (β-, δ- y γ-tocoferol). Los residuos de semillas/cáscaras y los residuos desengrasados de semillas extraídos (tortas) contenían macro y microminerales (K, Mg, Na, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu) importantes para la nutrición humana y animal. Las tortas de semillas tenían un contenido relativamente alto de proteínas (24,32%) y celulosa (42,94%), y un perfil de aminoácidos interesante. Los resultados del estudio contribuyen a una comprensión más profunda de la composición del aguaymanto y pueden ser de relevancia práctica en el desarrollo de alimentos y alimentos funcionales