Evaluation of a barley-soybean double-cropping system

The expanding population of the world has an ever increasing food requirement and the development of methods to increase production are needed in developed countries as well as in underdeveloped countries. For example, soybeans are a major source of protein, fats, and oils and production has expanded in recent years to meet the increased demand thro\jghout the world. Many producers are increasing their production and profits by producing two crops each year from the same production area (double-cropping). In the United States soybeans planted after the harvest of small grains is an example of double-cropping which has increased annual income in many soybean-producing regions. Revelle (1966) stated that increased cropping intensity by double-cropping would increase food production in underdeveloped countries such as India and thus establish a better balance between population and food supply. In the southeastern United States double-cropping soybeans after small grains has been practiced for many years, but only recently has become important in Tennessee. In a double-cropping system soybeans must be planted later than desirable for high production. Yields may be reduced because soil moisture may be limiting for stand establish-ment and the growing period is reduced. Soybean varieties are sensitive to daylength and varieties suitable for single cropping may not be desirable for the late planting time required for double-cropping. Similarly, small grain varieties differ widely in time of maturity and therefore, may differ in their desirability for use in a double-cropping system. Thus, information is needed on production and manage-ment techniques using double-cropping systems. Parks, Bell, and McCutchen (1965) indicated profitable returns from a wheat-soybean double-cropping system in Tennessee. The present study was conducted (1) to evaluate the feasibility of a barley-soybean double-cropping system; (2) establish objectives for breeding barley and soybean varieties for double-cropping; and (3) to establish points of departure for additional research on double-cropping

Impacts of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress on Calreticulin Secretion and Innate Immunity.

The innate immune system must differentiate homeostatic cell stress and death from that associated with danger and infection. Failure to do so can lead to inflammatory disorders and autoimmunity on one hand, or cancer and infection on the other. Various endogenous host factors are proposed to tolerize or activate the immune system in response to cell stress/death. Antigen presenting cells (APCs), in particular dendritic cells (DC), are critical in the induction and direction of the immune response, including responses to cell stress/death. Many endogenous molecules influence APC activation in a paracrine manner following exposure to stressed/dying cells. Conversely, stress within an APC can modulate how it directs an immune response. This thesis focuses on (1) characterizing a novel pathway of increased cell-surface expression of calreticulin that occurs concomitantly with secretion of several other endogenous proteins previously defined as immunomodulatory; (2) using this pathway to examine the abilities of ER chaperones to influence innate immune responses in the context of ER stress, with a specific focus on calreticulin; (3) measuring the ability of cell-surface calreticulin to promote phagocytic uptake of ER stressed cells by DC; (4) comparing cytokine production by DCs experiencing two different forms of ER stress. Much recent attention has been focused on the ability of cell-surface calreticulin to induce anti-tumor immune responses to dying tumor cells. We characterize a novel stimulus, thapsigargin, and the related pathway for the induction of high levels of cell-surface calreticulin. Thapsigargin depletes ER calcium, inducing ER stress and a general handicap in ER retention mechanisms. Thapsigargin-treated cells secrete several ER chaperones previously characterized as immunomodulatory. We show that extracellular calreticulin does not modulate the ability of DCs to secrete inflammatory cytokines under sterile conditions or in the presence of an innate immune stimulus such as LPS. On the other hand, DC phagocytosed ER-stressed target cells significantly more than untreated control targets. Furthermore, the presence of cell-surface calreticulin on target cells correlated with their enhanced phagocytic uptake. Together these findings demonstrate that calcium depletion in the ER interferes with retention mechanisms of ER-resident proteins and impacts phagocytic uptake of cells in a calreticulin-dependent manner.Ph.D.ImmunologyUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/89695/1/larryrob_1.pd

Peripheral nerve stimulation for pudendal neuralgia and other pelvic pain disorders: current advances

Chronic pelvic pain conditions such as pudendal neuralgia pose significant treatment difficulty due to their elusive etiology and diverse symptomatology. Initially approved as a third or fourth-line treatment of non-obstructive urinary retention and fecal incontinence, neuromodulation has also proven effective for pelvic pain associated with urinary dysfunction. Recently, sacral and pudendal neuromodulation has demonstrated efficacy in managing a spectrum of chronic pelvic conditions including refractory pudendal neuralgia. The individualized approach of peripheral neuromodulation has opened new avenues for tailored medical interventions, extending its application to conditions such as pudendal neuralgia, post sling pain, and vulvodynia. New technologies leading to miniaturized neuromodulation devices such as Freedom® stimulators (Curonix), allows us to implant leads and modulate nerves at precise pain targets. Further experience and research is needed to assess the impact of targeted neuromodulation on managing complex pelvic pain conditions

The role of statins in prevention and treatment of community acquired pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Emerging epidemiological evidence suggests that statins may reduce the risk of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and its complications. PURPOSE: Performed a systematic review to address the role of statins in the prevention or treatment of CAP. DATA SOURCE: Ovid MEDLINE, Cochrane, EMBASE, ISI Web of Science, and Scopus from inception through December 2011 were searched for randomized clinical trials, cohort and case-control studies. STUDY SELECTION: Two authors independently reviewed studies that examined the role of statins in CAP. DATA EXTRACTION: Data about study characteristics, adjusted effect-estimates and quality characteristics was extracted. DATA SYNTHESIS: Eighteen studies corresponding to 21 effect-estimates (eight and 13 of which addressed the preventive and therapeutic roles of statins, respectively) were included. All studies were of good methodological quality. Random-effects meta-analyses of adjusted effect-estimates were used. Statins were associated with a lower risk of CAP, 0.84 (95% CI, 0.74-0.95), I(2) = 90.5% and a lower short-term mortality in patients with CAP, 0.68 (95% CI, 0.59-0.78), I(2) = 75.7%. Meta-regression did not identify sources of heterogeneity. A funnel plot suggested publication bias in the treatment group, which was adjusted by a novel regression method with a resultant effect-estimate of 0.85 (95% CI, 0.77-0.93). Sensitivity analyses using the rule-out approach showed that it is unlikely that the results were due to an unmeasured confounder. CONCLUSIONS: Our meta-analysis reveals a beneficial role of statins for the risk of development and mortality associated with CAP. However, the results constitute very low quality evidence as per the GRADE framework due to observational study design, heterogeneity and publication bias

Prospectus, February 21, 1969

SG DEMANDS CODE REVISION; Students Grumble At Code; Letter Sent To Staerkel Tells Student Opinion; Readerspeak; Supersnake; Black Rap; Science, Music Interest PC Biology Instructor; BSA Demands Are Answered By Staerkel; Ask Minerva; Spring Means Formal Plans; Phi Beta Lamda Has Casino Night; BSA Style Show; Spoon River; The Martyr; Literary Magazine Dumped; They\u27re All Dead; Cold-Shooting Parkland Tumbles To Olney, 59-47; Bigler Talks, New Manager Is Needed; Regional Next For PC; White Wins FT Contest; Bulletin; Spoon River Flows Past Cobras; 36\u27ers Hot, Three Teams Still On Top; Cobras Or \u27Toppers?\u27 Battle Resumes Again; E.I.U. Drops Cobras In OT, 75-70; PC Cheerleaders Are Impressivehttps://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1969/1011/thumbnail.jp

Association between proton pump inhibitor therapy and clostridium difficile infection: a contemporary systematic review and meta-analysis.

Abstract Introduction Emerging epidemiological evidence suggests that proton pump inhibitor (PPI) acid-suppression therapy is associated with an increased risk of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). Methods Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, ISI Web of Science, and Scopus were searched from 1990 to January 2012 for analytical studies that reported an adjusted effect estimate of the association between PPI use and CDI. We performed random-effect meta-analyses. We used the GRADE framework to interpret the findings. Results We identified 47 eligible citations (37 case-control and 14 cohort studies) with corresponding 51 effect estimates. The pooled OR was 1.65, 95% CI (1.47, 1.85), I2 = 89.9%, with evidence of publication bias suggested by a contour funnel plot. A novel regression based method was used to adjust for publication bias and resulted in an adjusted pooled OR of 1.51 (95% CI, 1.26–1.83). In a speculative analysis that assumes that this association is based on causality, and based on published baseline CDI incidence, the risk of CDI would be very low in the general population taking PPIs with an estimated NNH of 3925 at 1 year. Conclusions In this rigorously conducted systemic review and meta-analysis, we found very low quality evidence (GRADE class) for an association between PPI use and CDI that does not support a cause-effect relationship

Clinical Consensus Conference: Survey on Gram-Positive Bloodstream Infections with a Focus on Staphylococcus aureus

The increased incidence over the past decade of bloodstream infections (BSIs) caused by gram-positive bacteria, particularly methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus , highlights the critical need for a consistent approach to therapy. However, there is currently no international consensus on the diagnosis and management of gram-positive BSIs. The Clinical Consensus Conference on Gram-Positive Bloodstream Infections was convened as a session at the 9th International Symposium on Modern Concepts in Endocarditis and Cardiovascular Infections held in 2007. Participants discussed various aspects of the practical treatment of patients who present with gram-positive BSI, including therapeutic options for patients with BSIs of undefined origin, the selection of appropriate empirical therapy, and treatment of complicated and uncomplicated BSIs. The opinions of participants about these key issues are reflected in this articl

The Vehicle, Fall 1986

Table of Contents Selling Poetry: Honesty with the InvestorPatrick Peterspage 2 Father\u27s Book, Jan. 1984 (A Fictional Autobiography)James T. Finneganpage 3 Pet Day in Afternoon KindergartenDan Von Holtenpage 7 Dental Dreams in the Bathroom MirrorDan Von Holtenpage 7 PhotographStephanie Eihlpage 8 SilenceJoe Hortonpage 8 SkullMichael Salempage 9 The TunnelJim Harrispage 10 Lindenwood CemeteryJean Chandlerpage 12 Into the SeaDan Seltzerpage 13 PhotographStephanie Eihlpage 13 WindowsJim Harrispage 14 Little Pieces of YouStuart Albertpage 18 Slicing the AppleAmy Callpage 19 Winter WalkLarry Mitchellpage 19 Komical KellyJohn Fehrmannpage 20 Thermal SueJohn Fehrmannpage 20 Death PoemBob Zordanipage 21 Venice, ItalySherry L. Clinepage 22 RoadkillPhil Simpsonpage 24 I Hate CowsLori Delzer, Joe Crites, Becky Michaelpage 32 Telephone Operators: 1942Jim Harrispage 33 Expiration Date 3/8/65Edward Schellpage 34 Desert FloorPatrick Peterspage 35 PhotographLawrence McGownpage 36 PhotographStephanie Eihlpage 37 Coping with NightStuart Albertpage 38 PhotographDan Mountpage 38 One On OnePatrick Peterspage 39 An Acquired TasteTina Wrightpage 40 PhotographStephanie Eihlpage 40 PhotographStephanie Eihlpage 41 When Children Are Alone, The Devil SpeaksTom Greenpage 41 BobChristy Denphypage 42 Gut & ScissorsDane Buczkowskipage 42 This Old HouseAmy Callpage 43 MortgageTina Wrightpage 43https://thekeep.eiu.edu/vehicle/1048/thumbnail.jp

The Vehicle, Fall 1986

Table of Contents Selling Poetry: Honesty with the InvestorPatrick Peterspage 2 Father\u27s Book, Jan. 1984 (A Fictional Autobiography)James T. Finneganpage 3 Pet Day in Afternoon KindergartenDan Von Holtenpage 7 Dental Dreams in the Bathroom MirrorDan Von Holtenpage 7 PhotographStephanie Eihlpage 8 SilenceJoe Hortonpage 8 SkullMichael Salempage 9 The TunnelJim Harrispage 10 Lindenwood CemeteryJean Chandlerpage 12 Into the SeaDan Seltzerpage 13 PhotographStephanie Eihlpage 13 WindowsJim Harrispage 14 Little Pieces of YouStuart Albertpage 18 Slicing the AppleAmy Callpage 19 Winter WalkLarry Mitchellpage 19 Komical KellyJohn Fehrmannpage 20 Thermal SueJohn Fehrmannpage 20 Death PoemBob Zordanipage 21 Venice, ItalySherry L. Clinepage 22 RoadkillPhil Simpsonpage 24 I Hate CowsLori Delzer, Joe Crites, Becky Michaelpage 32 Telephone Operators: 1942Jim Harrispage 33 Expiration Date 3/8/65Edward Schellpage 34 Desert FloorPatrick Peterspage 35 PhotographLawrence McGownpage 36 PhotographStephanie Eihlpage 37 Coping with NightStuart Albertpage 38 PhotographDan Mountpage 38 One On OnePatrick Peterspage 39 An Acquired TasteTina Wrightpage 40 PhotographStephanie Eihlpage 40 PhotographStephanie Eihlpage 41 When Children Are Alone, The Devil SpeaksTom Greenpage 41 BobChristy Denphypage 42 Gut & ScissorsDane Buczkowskipage 42 This Old HouseAmy Callpage 43 MortgageTina Wrightpage 43https://thekeep.eiu.edu/vehicle/1048/thumbnail.jp

The Vehicle, Spring 1993

1993 Commemorative Edition: Celebrating 35 Years Table of Contents The Vehicle Editors\u27 Lineagepage 5 Milestonespage 6 THE SIXTIES Coverspage 7 Editors\u27 Notespage 8 Sureness is Never - excerptDon Shepardsonpage 9 SophisticationBenjamin Polkpage 10 A SonnetMignon Stricklandpage 11 The Twenty-Third ChannelBen Polkpage 11 Opposite AttractionsC.E.M. (Christine McColl)page 12 John F. KennedyJoel E. Hendrickspage 13 The Girl on the White PonyLarry Gatespage 14 The TimesW.D.M. (William Moser)page 16 Home ThoughtsJane Careypage 17 1966Roger Zulaufpage 18 Nagging ThoughtJanet Andrewspage 18 THE SEVENTIES Coverspage 19 Editors\u27 Notespage 20 RevolutionsSteve Siegelpage 21 UntitledKristine Kirkhampage 23 The Arithmetic ProblemJanice Forbuspage 23 Willie Seeverson Threw a Worm at MeMary Pipekpage 24 a love poem (by approximation)Ted Baldwinpage 25 Night and Summer in Two WorldsBarry Smithpage 26 Story of a Teenage PickleTerry Louis Schultzpage 27 Danny Lonely, Danny WildDevin Brownpage 28 Always TomorrowMary McDanielpage 29 THE EIGHTIES Coverspage 31 Having ChildrenDevon Flesorpage 33 What is Unnatural Is Sometimes MagicAngelique Jenningspage 34 If My Father Were A Writer, He Would Still BuildAngelique Jenningspage 35 Photo AlbumPatrick Peterspage 36 Poet Born in Pearl HarborAngelique Jenningspage 37 The History of High School BasketballPatrick Peterspage 38 Banana BreadGail Bowerpage 39 Cover LetterBob Zordanipage 40 Home MoviesBob Zordanipage 41 MigrationPatrick Peterspage 42 THE NINETIES Ba, Ba, Black SheepVictoria Bennettpage 45 Daily LessonsJennifer Moropage 49 Folding My OwnLaurie Ann Malispage 51 About the Authorspage 53 Editors\u27 Notespage 56https://thekeep.eiu.edu/vehicle/1062/thumbnail.jp