69 research outputs found
Las grandes algas laminarias en España: importancia, conservación y cultivo
La conferencia contiene información sobre las algas laminarias o kelps (nombre anglosajón) y se estructura en cuatro diferentes secciones. En una primera parte introductoria describe aspectos generales de su nomenclatura, taxonomía, biología y ecológica, así como de las especies y distribución de las laminariales sensu lato ibéricas. La segunda parte destalla las funciones ecológicas vitales que desempeñan en los ecosistemas costeros, y sus actuales usos comerciales y aplicaciones ambientales que hacen que sea un recurso de gran valor. En la tercera parte, presenta los principales impactos y amenazas que afectan a las poblaciones de laminarias a nivel europeo, así como el actual estatus y conservación de las laminarias ibéricas. Se resalta la importancia del desarrollo de estrategia de conservación in situ y ex situ para la preservación de las especies amenazadas, endémicas, como también de la diversidad genética de las propias poblaciones, especialmente de las marginales y/o aisladas geográficamente. Particularmente describe la metodología probada con éxito para la preservación ex situ de laminarias a partir de la fase microscópica (gametófito) de su ciclo de vida. También hace mención a iniciativas de restauración con laminarias que se están empezando a desarrollar en diferentes países. La cuarta y última parte, proporciona información sobre la acuicultura de laminarias, detallando las bases científicas y técnicas necesarias para el desarrollo de su cultivo a escala comercial y en la que se expusieron los principales resultados y conclusiones de experiencias de cultivo desarrolladas en norte de España. Finalmente, se analizaron y discutieron distintos aspectos relacionados con la charla.Departamento de Botánica y Fisiología Vegeta
Alien macroalgae in northern Spanish Atlantic coast
Se presenta un listado de
macroalgas alóctonas que incluye únicamente especies reconocidas como introducidas en las
costas atlánticas europeas y cuya presencia en la demarcación Norátlantica de la costa española
ha sido documentada en diferentes publicaciones. También, se enumeran algunas macroalgas
alóctonas de la costa atlántica europea cuya presencia en nuestras costas es cuestiona ó dudosa.
Un total de 30 macroalgas son citadas como especies alóctonas en estas aguas, de la cuales 22
pertenecen al phylum Rhodophyta (Pyropia suborbiculata, Pyropia leucosticta, Gracilaria
vermiculophylla, Asparagopsis armata, Bonnemaisonia hamifera, Grateloupia subpectinata,
Grateloupia turuturu, Lomentaria hakodatensis, Chrysymenia wrightii, Anotrichium furcellatum,
Antithamnion amphigeneum, Antithamnion densum, Antithamnion hubbsii, Antithamnionella
spirographidis, Antithamnionella ternifolia, Callithamniella flexilis, Scageliopsis patens,
Heterosiphonia japonica, Dasya sessilis, Neosiphonia harveyi, Polysiphonia morrowii y Agardhiella
subulata); 5 a Heterokontophyta (Colpomenia peregrina, Colpomenia sinuosa, Scytosiphon dotyi,
Sargassum muticum, Undaria pinnatifida) y 3 a Chlrophyta (Ulva australis, Umbraulva olivascens,
y Codium fragile subsp. fragile). Además, se presenta un listado de 5 especies (Pyropia koreana,
Caulacanthus okamurae, Solieria chordalis, Dasya baillouviana y Centroceras clavulatum) cuya
presencia en la demarcación Norátlantica de las costas españolas es actualmente dudosa y es
necesario confirmar en futuros estudios
Kelp mariculture in Spain, a promising source for biofuel (ethanol) production and other valuable products
Bioethanol is the most widely used biofuel for transportation. Kelps (i.e. large brown algae) contain 50–60% carbohydrates of the dry weight, which represent a potential sugar source for microbial conversion into bioethanol. Scientific and technological advances on ethanol production from kelps have been extensively developed over the years, more particularly with regard to the hydrolysis and fermentation of complex carbohydrate such as alginate. Currently, kelp biomass has been proved as a suitable feedstock for bioethanol production and it has begun to go into industrial application. In addition, these macroalgae are already intended for direct human consumption and used as raw material for the alginate industry, animal feed and fertilizers. All these uses and applications are expected to be integrated into kelp biorefineries and supplied by marine farming. Besides its economic value, kelp mariculture would provide significant environmental benefits such as carbon and nitrogen sequestration, reducing carbon dioxide emissions and nutrient loads from the fish farming in coastal waters. Consequently, in the Spanish Atlantic coast, kelp mariculture may be in the near future an alternative, renewable, sustainable and environmentally friendly source for bioethanol production and many other valuable products. Herein, we describe the current progress in kelp mariculture at the commercial scale based on experiences in the Atlantic coasts of Spain. The up-to-date progress in converting kelp biomass into bioethanol is also reviewed. Finally, we provide a description of the process where kelp production (mariculture), its processing and uses (biorefinery) are merged
Brown Macroalgae (Phaeophyceae): A Valuable Reservoir of Antimicrobial Compounds on Northern Coast of Spain
The search for new sources of antimicrobial compounds has become an urgent need, due to the threat that the spread of bacterial resistance represents for global health and food safety. Brown macroalgae have been proposed as a great reservoir in the search for novel antimicrobial compounds. In this study, mid-polarity extracts were performed with a selection of 20 brown macroalgae species from northern Spain. The total polyphenol, carbohydrate and protein contents were quantified by spectrophotometry. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of whole macroalgae were also studied as a biomarker of their metabolic state in the representative species of the tested families by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antimicrobial potential of the extracts was assessed by a disk diffusion assay against 20 target bacteria and further determinations of the minimum inhibitory (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) were performed by a microdilution assay for the active extracts. Ericaria selaginoides, Bifurcaria bifurcata and Dictyota dichotoma showed an antimicrobial effect against six Gram-positive strains: Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus haemolyticus. The phenolic content was generally higher in the extracts that showed antimicrobial activity, followed by carbohydrates and low contents of proteins. The results obtained in this study reveal the potential of brown macroalgae as a promising alternative source of antimicrobial compounds as functional ingredients for the application in industrial fields.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
A regional study with global impact: recognition of a new genus and two new species among the order Bangiales (Rhodophyta) in the Mediterranean Sea
Explotación de las macroalgas marinas: Galicia como caso de estudio hacia una gestión sostenible de los recursos
Versión del edito
Differences of life-history in culture explain the vertical distribution of two Mediterranean bladed Bangiales (Rhodophyta): Pyropia elongata and Py. parva
Genetic markers reveal a rich diversity of bladed Bangiales (Rhodophyta) in the Atlantic coast of the Iberian Peninsula
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