5 research outputs found
Multiple functional targets of the immunoregulatory activity of galectin-1 : Control of immune cell trafficking, dendritic cell physiology, and T-cell fate
In the postgenomic era, the study of the glycome- the whole repertoire of saccharides in cells and tissues- has enabled the association of unique glycan structures with specific physiological and pathological processes. The responsability for deciphering this biological information belongs to endogenous glycan-binding proteins or lectins. Galectin-1, a prototype member of a family of structurally-related proteins, has demonstrated selective antiinflammatory and immunoregulatory effects either by controlling immune cell trafficking, fine-tuning dendritic cell physiology and regulating T cell phate. These regulatory functions mediated by an endogenous glycan-binding protein may contribute tuo fullfil the needs for immune cell homeostasis.Fil: Cooper, Dianne. Queen Mary University of London. The William Harvey Research Institute; Reino UnidoFil: Ilarregui, Juan Martin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Instituto de BiologĂa y Medicina Experimental (i); Argentina; Argentina. Queen Mary University of London. The William Harvey Research Institute; Reino UnidoFil: Pesoa, Susana A.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Instituto de BiologĂa y Medicina Experimental (i); Argentina; ArgentinaFil: Croci Russo, Diego Omar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Instituto de BiologĂa y Medicina Experimental (i); Argentina; ArgentinaFil: Perretti, Mauro. Queen Mary University of London. The William Harvey Research Institute; Reino UnidoFil: Rabinovich, Gabriel Adrian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Instituto de BiologĂa y Medicina Experimental (i); Argentina; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de QuĂmica BiolĂłgica; Argentin
Omega-3-Supplemented Fat Diet Drives Immune Metabolic Response in Visceral Adipose Tissue by Modulating Gut Microbiota in a Mouse Model of Obesity
Obesity is a chronic, relapsing, and multifactorial disease characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue (AT), and is associated with inflammation mainly in white adipose tissue (WAT) and an increase in pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages and other immune cells. This milieu favors the secretion of cytokines and adipokines, contributing to AT dysfunction (ATD) and metabolic dysregulation. Numerous articles link specific changes in the gut microbiota (GM) to the development of obesity and its associated disorders, highlighting the role of diet, particularly fatty acid composition, in modulating the taxonomic profile. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of a medium-fat-content diet (11%) supplemented with omega-3 fatty acids (D2) on the development of obesity, and on the composition of the GM compared with a control diet with a low fat content (4%) (D1) over a 6-month period. The effect of omega-3 supplementation on metabolic parameters and the modulation of the immunological microenvironment in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) was also evaluated. Six-weeks-old mice were adapted for two weeks and then divided into two groups of eight mice each: a control group D1 and the experimental group D2. Their body weight was recorded at 0, 4, 12, and 24 weeks post-differential feeding and stool samples were simultaneously collected to determine the GM composition. Four mice per group were sacrificed on week 24 and their VAT was taken to determine the immune cells phenotypes (M1 or M2 macrophages) and inflammatory biomarkers. Blood samples were used to determine the glucose, total LDL and HDL cholesterol LDL, HDL and total cholesterol, triglycerides, liver enzymes, leptin, and adiponectin. Body weight measurement showed significant differences at 4 (D1 = 32.0 ± 2.0 g vs. D2 = 36.2 ± 4.5 g, p-value = 0.0339), 12 (D1 = 35.7 ± 4.1 g vs. D2 = 45.3 ± 4.9 g, p-value = 0.0009), and 24 weeks (D1 = 37.5 ± 4.7 g vs. D2 = 47.9 ± 4.7, p-value = 0.0009). The effects of diet on the GM composition changed over time: in the first 12 weeks, α and β diversity differed considerably according to diet and weight increase. In contrast, at 24 weeks, the composition, although still different between groups D1 and D2, showed changes compared with previous samples, suggesting the beneficial effects of omega-3 fatty acids in D2. With regard to metabolic analysis, the results did not reveal relevant changes in biomarkers in accordance with AT studies showing an anti-inflammatory environment and conserved structure and function, which is in contrast to reported findings for pathogenic obesity. In conclusion, the results suggest that the constant and sustained administration of omega-3 fatty acids induced specific changes in GM composition, mainly with increases in Lactobacillus and Ligilactobacillus species, which, in turn, modulated the immune metabolic response of AT in this mouse model of obesity.Fil: Portela, NĂ©stor Denis. Lace Laboratorios; Argentina. Universidad CatĂłlica de CĂłrdoba. Facultad de Ciencias QuĂmicas; ArgentinaFil: Galván, Cristian. Lace Laboratorios; Argentina. Universidad CatĂłlica de CĂłrdoba. Facultad de Ciencias QuĂmicas; ArgentinaFil: Sanmarco, Liliana Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico CĂłrdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en BioquĂmica ClĂnica e InmunologĂa; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de CĂłrdoba. Facultad de Ciencias QuĂmicas. Departamento de BioquĂmica ClĂnica; ArgentinaFil: Bergero, GastĂłn. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico CĂłrdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en BioquĂmica ClĂnica e InmunologĂa; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de CĂłrdoba. Facultad de Ciencias QuĂmicas. Departamento de BioquĂmica ClĂnica; ArgentinaFil: Aoki, Maria del Pilar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico CĂłrdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en BioquĂmica ClĂnica e InmunologĂa; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de CĂłrdoba. Facultad de Ciencias QuĂmicas. Departamento de BioquĂmica ClĂnica; ArgentinaFil: Cano, Roxana Carolina. Universidad Nacional de CĂłrdoba. Facultad de Ciencias QuĂmicas. Departamento de BioquĂmica ClĂnica; ArgentinaFil: Pesoa, Susana A.. Lace Laboratorios; Argentin