INTEGRAL PERRON DAN EKUIVALENSINYA DENGAN INTEGRAL DENJOY

Integral Perron adalah pengembangan dari integral Lebesgue, sehingga dengan menggunakan definisi integral Perron suatu fungsi yang tak terintegralkan Lebesgue dapat terintegralkan Perron. Sama halnya dengan integral Riemann dan integral Lebesgue, integral Perron juga memiliki sifat-sifat dasar integral diantaranya kelinearan, keterurutan, dan penambahan selang. Selain integral Perron, integral Denjoy juga merupakan pengembangan dari integral Lebesgue, hanya saja pendefinisian yang dilakukan oleh Denjoy berbeda dengan Perron. Oleh karena itu, pada penelitian ini akan dikaji hubungan antara integral Perron dan integral Denjoy, juga sifat-sifat yang dimiliki oleh integral Perron.;---The Perron Integral is the development of the integral Lebesgue, by using Perron's integral definition an unintegrated function of Lebesgue can be integrated Perron. Similar to the Riemann integral and the Lebesgue integral, the Perron integral also has the integral basic properties such as linearity, obedience, and the addition of a line. In addition to the integral Perron, the integral Denjoy is also the development of the integral Lebesgue, but the definition of Denjoy is different from Perron. Therefore, in this study will examine the relationship between the Perron integral and Denjoy integral, also the properties possessed by the Perron integral

A Unified Growth Model for Independent Chile

This article analyzes long-term patterns of growth of the Chilean economy. Examining 200 years of data, it shows evidence in favor of using a neoclassical growth model to conduct the empirical analysis. It presents a formal analysis of structural breaks in the Chilean growth process, finding structural changes in 1929 and 1971/1981. A further analysis of the country’s economic history indicates that fiscal policy, external shocks and trade policy are plausible explanations for these breaks. When these variables are included in the empirical model, the hypothesis of no breaks during these 200 years cannot be rejected.Chile, structural breaks, growth, fiscal policies, external shocks

Perturbing non-real eigenvalues of non-negative real matrices

AbstractLet σ=(ρ,b+ic,b-ic,λ4,…,λn) be the spectrum of an entry non-negative matrix and t⩾0. Laffey [T. J. Laffey, Perturbing non-real eigenvalues of nonnegative real matrices, Electron. J. Linear Algebra 12 (2005) 73–76] has shown that σ=(ρ+2t,b-t+ic,b-t-ic,λ4,…,λn) is also the spectrum of some nonnegative matrix. Laffey (2005) has used a rank one perturbation for small t and then used a compactness argument to extend the result to all nonnegative t. In this paper, a rank two perturbation is used to deduce an explicit and constructive proof for all t⩾0