A Spectrometer to Study Elastic and Diffractive Physics at LHC

The possibility to study elastic and diffractive physics in pp collisions at LHC is investigated. For this purpose we have considered detectors close to the beam in conjunction with the magnetic elements of the accelerator to provide a high precision spectrometer for very forward final state protons. The geometrical acceptance is given and momentum resolution is calculated for different spatial resolution detectors.Comment: 26 pages, 13 figures, Latex, submitted in International Journal of Modern Physics

Numerical simulations of components produced by fused deposition 3D printing

Three-dimensional printing technology using fused deposition modeling processes is becoming more and more widespread thanks to the improvements in the mechanical properties of materials with the addition of short fibers into the polymeric filaments. The final mechanical properties of the printed components depend, not only on the properties of the filament, but also on several printing parameters. The main purpose of this study was the development of a tool for designers to predict the real mechanical properties of printed components by performing finite element analyses. Two different materials (nylon reinforced with glass or carbon fibers) were investigated. The experimental identification of the elastic material model parameters was performed by testing printed fully filled dog bone specimens in two different directions. The obtained parameters were used in numerical analyses to predict the mechanical response of simple structures. Blocks of 20 mm × 20 mm × 160 mm were printed in four different percentages of a triangular infill pattern. Experimental and numerical four-point bending tests were performed, and the results were compared in terms of load versus curvature. The analysis of the results demonstrated that the purely elastic transversely isotropic material model is adequate for predicting behavior, at least before nonlinearities occur

A Programming Interface for Creating Data According to the SPAR Ontologies and the OpenCitations Data Model

The OpenCitations Data Model (OCDM) is a data model for bibliographic metadata and citations based on the SPAR Ontologies and developed by OpenCitations to expose all the data of its collections as sets of RDF statements compliant with an ontology named OpenCitations Ontology. In this paper, we introduce oc_ocdm, i.e. a Python library developed for creating OCDM-compliant RDF data even if the programmer has no expertise in Semantic Web technologies. After an introduction of the library and its main characteristics, we show a number of projects within the OpenCitations infrastructure that adopt it as their building block unit

Analysis of strain rate behavior of an Al 6061 T6 alloy

Abstract In order to simulate complex scenario like ballistic impact, correct material calibration is fundamental. The material in the area involved by impact can experience high deformation and damage in a very limited time. As a consequence dynamic tests on the materials are needed in order to calibrate constitutive law able to describe the material behavior in terms of hardening and in particular strain rate. According to the fact that no guidelines are available on testing methods, different types of testing techniques have been used to generate data under dynamic conditions. Several dynamic tests, are carried out on Al 6061 T6 specimens and the experimental data elaborated. The developed procedure is useful to take into account also the thermal phenomena generally affecting high strain-rate tests due to the adiabatic overheating related to the conversion of plastic work. The method presented requires strong effort both from experimental and numerical point of view; anyway it allows to precisely identifying the parameters of a material models. This could provide great advantages when high reliability of the material behavior is necessary

Numerical simulations of tungsten targets hit by LHC proton beam

The unprecedented energy intensities of modern hadron accelerators yield special problems with the materials that are placed close to or into the high intensity beams. The energy stored in a single beam of LHC particle accelerator is equivalent to about 80 kg of TNT explosive, stored in a transverse beam area with a typical value of 0.2 mm×0.2 mm. The materials placed close to the beam are used at, or even beyond, their damage limits. However, it is very difficult to predict structural efficiency and robustness accurately: beam-induced damage for high energy and high intensity occurs in a regime where practical experience does not exist. The interaction between high energy particle beams and metals induces a sudden non uniform temperature increase. This provokes a dynamic response of the structure entailing thermal stress waves and thermally induced vibrations or even the failure of the component. This study is performed in order to estimate the damage on a tungsten component due to the impact with a proton beam generated by LHC. The solved problems represent some accidental cases consequent to an abnormal release of the beam: the energy delivered on the components is calculated using the FLUKA code and then used as input in the numerical simulations, that are carried out via the FEM code LS-DYNA

A simple blood tests, such as complete blood count, can predict calcification grade of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm.

Objective. The pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is complex and different factors, including calcification, are linked to increased complications. This study was conducted in order to verify if classical risk factors for AAA and cell blood count parameter could help in the identification of calcification progression of the aneurysm. Design. Risk factors were collected and cell blood count was performed in patients with AAA and patients were analyzed for the presence of aorta calcification using CT angiography. Results. We found no association of calcification grade with risk factors for AAA but we found a strong association between MCV, MCH, and calcification grade. Instead, no association was found with the other parameter that we analyzed. Conclusions. In this study, we demonstrate that biomarkers such as MCV and MCH could have potential important information about AAA calcification progression and could be useful to discriminate between those patients that should undergo a rapid imaging, thus allowing prompt initiation of treatment of suspicious patients that do not need imaging repetition

The OpenCitations Data Model

A variety of schemas and ontologies are currently used for the machine-readable description of bibliographic entities and citations. This diversity, and the reuse of the same ontology terms with different nuances, generates inconsistencies in data. Adoption of a single data model would facilitate data integration tasks regardless of the data supplier or context application. In this paper we present the OpenCitations Data Model (OCDM), a generic data model for describing bibliographic entities and citations, developed using Semantic Web technologies. We also evaluate the effective reusability of OCDM according to ontology evaluation practices, mention existing users of OCDM, and discuss the use and impact of OCDM in the wider open science community.Comment: ISWC 2020 Conference proceeding