Thioredoxin-1: a cardioprotector against stress

This editorial refers to ‘Thioredoxin-1 maintains mitochondrial function via mTOR signaling in the heart’ by S.I. Oka et al., pp. 1742–1755

Intracellular trafficking of prohormones and proneuropeptides: Cell type-specific sorting and targeting

Hormones and neuropeptides are usually synthesized as large precursor molecules which must undergo a series of post-translational modifications before they are released from secretory vesicles after stimulation by specific secretagogues. The classical vectorial transport of precursors and mature peptide products from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to their site of release has been the subject of intensive studies during the past 25 years, but there are a number of unresolved issues which still challenge cell biologists. The main issues are: (i) the molecular mechanisms underlying targeting and sorting of prohormones within the eukaryotic secretory pathway; (ii) further identification and intracellular site of action of post-translational processing enzymes; (iii) tissue-specific processing of hormone and neuropeptide precursors; and (iv) molecular mechanisms underlying intracellular transport ofl hormone and neuropeptide precursors and their cleavage products to alternative intracellular compartments besides the secretory pathway.Fil: Perone, Marcelo Javier. Universidad Austral. Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional; Argentina. University of Manchester; Reino UnidoFil: Windeatt, Simon. University of Manchester; Reino UnidoFil: Castro, Maria G.. University of Manchester; Reino Unid

Arachidonic Acid Metabolism In Murine Fibrosarcoma Cells With Differing In Vivo And In Vitro Characteristics

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/144314/1/ijc1985363383.pd

PO-355 Enhancers mapping uncovers phenotypic heterogeneity and evolution in patients with luminal breast cancer

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Empirical tests of a brain-based model of executive function development

Executive function (EF) plays a foundational role in development. A brain-based model of EF development is probed for the experiences that strengthen EF in the dimensional change card sort task in which children sort cards by one rule and then are asked to switch to another. Three-year-olds perseverate on the first rule, failing the task, whereas 4-year-olds pass. Three predictions of the model are tested to help 3-year-olds (N = 54) pass. Experiment 1 shows that experience with shapes and the label “shape” helps children. Experiment 2 shows that experience with colors—without a label—helps children. Experiment 3 shows that experience with colors induces dimensional attention. The implications of this work for early intervention are discussed

Thermal analysis of a cold room

The purpose of this research was to study the storage of fresh raw horticultural material processed and frozen in an industrial plant in southern Italy. A simulation technique (validated by experimental tests) was used giving the chance to evaluate the effect of bins location on the cooling capacity of the cold room avoiding expensive experimental tests. An external cooling system and an intermediate fluid ensure the cooling of the products. The air is distributed inside the cold room by two blowers that provide the forced convection of the air itself. First of all, experimental tests were carried out to validate the preliminary results obtained from the previous experiment, and then the authors carried out a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) analysis in order to verify where a good arrangement of the storage bins is achieved inside the room. The tests were carried out in summer (July) on zucchini and peppers. The important deviations in the temperature of the product are mainly due to the different position occupied by the bins in the room. In fact, they are positioned at different distances and heights from the forced convection fans. Both simulation and experimental results show that the raw material cooled in the shortest possible time was the one placed to the shortest distance from the wall and at the lowest height of the room because of the low heat transfer through the floor. By increasing the distance from the access door through which the most significant heat transfer takes place, there is a small variation due to the optimal position of the storage bins inside the room, which still allows a good distribution of air

Thermo-fluid-dynamic characteristics of confluent jets for distribution of treated air in small environment

The diffusion of the air through nozzles and/or diffusers has been studied extensively thanks to the numerous examples of environmental conditioning systems and in general of systems in which the flow of matter escapes from particular openings. In this paper, we studied closed and small environments requiring thermo-hygrometric and ventilation control. Air jets are used to mix the treated air within the environment. The widespread diffusion of this technology, mainly conceived for large environments, justifies the characterization of a particular type of system realized by the authors. The first results of experimental tests carried out with a particular air conditioning system are showed in the present work. The particularity of the system consists in a low construction cost, possibility of modifications and operation according to the characteristics and needs to different agricultural species. This initial phase of the research related to the isothermal regime, allowed by the conditioning system, aimed to characterize the fluid-dynamic behaviour of the air diffusion systems realized with perforated surfaces. First tests were carried out in a specifically designed climatic room whose climate conditions are strictly controlled by a suitable control system under isothermal conditions. Moreover, an ad-hoc designed experimental device was used. It consists of a pantograph kinematic structure carrying the probes around in the fluid dynamic field. It allows measuring air velocity in different points in stationary or slowing enough transient conditions. The experimental data was used to validate the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to predict the internal airflow velocity distribution

Scribble-based Domain Adaptation via Co-segmentation

Although deep convolutional networks have reached state-of-the-art performance in many medical image segmentation tasks, they have typically demonstrated poor generalisation capability. To be able to generalise from one domain (e.g. one imaging modality) to another, domain adaptation has to be performed. While supervised methods may lead to good performance, they require to fully annotate additional data which may not be an option in practice. In contrast, unsupervised methods don't need additional annotations but are usually unstable and hard to train. In this work, we propose a novel weakly-supervised method. Instead of requiring detailed but time-consuming annotations, scribbles on the target domain are used to perform domain adaptation. This paper introduces a new formulation of domain adaptation based on structured learning and co-segmentation. Our method is easy to train, thanks to the introduction of a regularised loss. The framework is validated on Vestibular Schwannoma segmentation (T1 to T2 scans). Our proposed method outperforms unsupervised approaches and achieves comparable performance to a fully-supervised approach.Comment: Accepted at MICCAI 202